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Ⅱ. 阅读理解
The weather is getting hot. Would you like to have some cucumber with mashed garlic (蒜泥黄瓜)? When you enjoy this tasty summer dish, don't forget to say “thanks” to a person — Zhang Qian.
Zhang Qian lived in the Han Dynasty (朝代). He was an early visitor on the Silk Road and brought many new foods and other things to China. The Silk Road was a long road. It was from China to Central Asia (中亚), and even Europe. Where is this dish from? Cucumbers came from South Asia. In early times, Chinese people called them “hugua”. “Hu” means “foreign”. That is to say, they are not from China. Later, the name changed to “huanggua”.
What about garlic (大蒜)? Its home was in Central Asia. Zhang Qian brought it to China about 2,000 years ago. Garlic can make many dishes taste better. It kills germs in our bodies and is good for our health.
What is the Silk Road? The Silk Road was also called “the Sweet Road”. Besides vegetables, it brought many kinds of tasty fruits to China, too. Do you like grapes? They also came from Central Asia.
Do you ever see the words “hu” “yang” “fan” or “xi” in Chinese names of some foods? These names usually mean that these foods do not come from China. For example, “huluobo” (carrots) and “yangcong” (onions). Can you find more?
1. What does the underlined word “germs” most probably mean?
A. Something good.
B. Something bad.
C. Something sweet.
D. Something delicious.
2. Why was the Silk Road also called “the Sweet Road”?
A. Because people got a lot of candies on the road.
B. Because the silk on the road was sweet.
C. Because people on the road were sweet and friendly.
D. Because many sweet fruits came to China through the road.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Zhang Qian brought cucumbers back from Central Asia.
B. People used the grapes on the Silk Road to make wine.
C. Garlic came from Central Asia about 2,000 years ago.
D. The Silk Road was from China to Europe and Africa.
4. Which of the following didn't come from China according to the last paragraph?
① tomatoes ② bananas
③ watermelons ④ pears
A. ①②
B. ②③
C. ①③
D. ③④
5. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. Foods through the Silk Road
B. Foods brought by Zhang Qian
C. Healthy foods from other places
D. Dynasties in Chinese history
The weather is getting hot. Would you like to have some cucumber with mashed garlic (蒜泥黄瓜)? When you enjoy this tasty summer dish, don't forget to say “thanks” to a person — Zhang Qian.
Zhang Qian lived in the Han Dynasty (朝代). He was an early visitor on the Silk Road and brought many new foods and other things to China. The Silk Road was a long road. It was from China to Central Asia (中亚), and even Europe. Where is this dish from? Cucumbers came from South Asia. In early times, Chinese people called them “hugua”. “Hu” means “foreign”. That is to say, they are not from China. Later, the name changed to “huanggua”.
What about garlic (大蒜)? Its home was in Central Asia. Zhang Qian brought it to China about 2,000 years ago. Garlic can make many dishes taste better. It kills germs in our bodies and is good for our health.
What is the Silk Road? The Silk Road was also called “the Sweet Road”. Besides vegetables, it brought many kinds of tasty fruits to China, too. Do you like grapes? They also came from Central Asia.
Do you ever see the words “hu” “yang” “fan” or “xi” in Chinese names of some foods? These names usually mean that these foods do not come from China. For example, “huluobo” (carrots) and “yangcong” (onions). Can you find more?
1. What does the underlined word “germs” most probably mean?
A. Something good.
B. Something bad.
C. Something sweet.
D. Something delicious.
2. Why was the Silk Road also called “the Sweet Road”?
A. Because people got a lot of candies on the road.
B. Because the silk on the road was sweet.
C. Because people on the road were sweet and friendly.
D. Because many sweet fruits came to China through the road.
3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Zhang Qian brought cucumbers back from Central Asia.
B. People used the grapes on the Silk Road to make wine.
C. Garlic came from Central Asia about 2,000 years ago.
D. The Silk Road was from China to Europe and Africa.
4. Which of the following didn't come from China according to the last paragraph?
① tomatoes ② bananas
③ watermelons ④ pears
A. ①②
B. ②③
C. ①③
D. ③④
5. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. Foods through the Silk Road
B. Foods brought by Zhang Qian
C. Healthy foods from other places
D. Dynasties in Chinese history
答案
1~5 BDCCA
解析
【分析】
解答本题需先通读全文理解主旨，再针对每道题的题型（词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意等），结合题干关键词定位原文对应内容，逐一分析选项排除错误答案，最终选出正确选项。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位到第三段“Garlic can make many dishes taste better. It kills germs in our bodies and is good for our health.”，大蒜对健康有益，且能杀死体内的“germs”，结合常识可知大蒜杀死的是对身体有害的物质，故“germs”意为“有害的东西”，选B。
2. 细节理解题：定位到第四段“The Silk Road was also called “the Sweet Road”. Besides vegetables, it brought many kinds of tasty fruits to China, too.”，可知丝绸之路被称为“甜路”是因为它带来了很多美味的水果，选D。
3. 细节理解题：逐一分析选项：A项黄瓜来自南亚，并非张骞从中亚带回，错误；B项文中未提及用葡萄酿酒，错误；C项大蒜原产中亚，张骞约2000年前将其带到中国，与原文一致，正确；D项丝绸之路到中亚甚至欧洲，未提及非洲，错误，选C。
4. 细节理解题：定位到最后一段“These names usually mean that these foods do not come from China. For example, “huluobo” (carrots) and “yangcong” (onions).”，带“胡、洋、番、西”的食物非中国原产，①tomatoes（番茄，带“番”）、③watermelons（西瓜，属于外来），②bananas、④pears为中国原产，故选C。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕丝绸之路带来的各类外来食物展开，介绍了黄瓜、大蒜、葡萄等食物的来源，故最佳标题为“Foods through the Silk Road”，选A。
【答案】
1~5 BDCCA
【知识点】
阅读理解词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本文是一篇介绍丝绸之路与外来食物的阅读理解材料，重点考查学生对细节信息的定位能力、词义猜测能力及主旨归纳能力，整体难度适中，需学生仔细核对原文内容。
【难度系数】
0.6
解答本题需先通读全文理解主旨，再针对每道题的题型（词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意等），结合题干关键词定位原文对应内容，逐一分析选项排除错误答案，最终选出正确选项。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：定位到第三段“Garlic can make many dishes taste better. It kills germs in our bodies and is good for our health.”，大蒜对健康有益，且能杀死体内的“germs”，结合常识可知大蒜杀死的是对身体有害的物质，故“germs”意为“有害的东西”，选B。
2. 细节理解题：定位到第四段“The Silk Road was also called “the Sweet Road”. Besides vegetables, it brought many kinds of tasty fruits to China, too.”，可知丝绸之路被称为“甜路”是因为它带来了很多美味的水果，选D。
3. 细节理解题：逐一分析选项：A项黄瓜来自南亚，并非张骞从中亚带回，错误；B项文中未提及用葡萄酿酒，错误；C项大蒜原产中亚，张骞约2000年前将其带到中国，与原文一致，正确；D项丝绸之路到中亚甚至欧洲，未提及非洲，错误，选C。
4. 细节理解题：定位到最后一段“These names usually mean that these foods do not come from China. For example, “huluobo” (carrots) and “yangcong” (onions).”，带“胡、洋、番、西”的食物非中国原产，①tomatoes（番茄，带“番”）、③watermelons（西瓜，属于外来），②bananas、④pears为中国原产，故选C。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕丝绸之路带来的各类外来食物展开，介绍了黄瓜、大蒜、葡萄等食物的来源，故最佳标题为“Foods through the Silk Road”，选A。
【答案】
1~5 BDCCA
【知识点】
阅读理解词义猜测、细节理解、主旨大意
【点评】
本文是一篇介绍丝绸之路与外来食物的阅读理解材料，重点考查学生对细节信息的定位能力、词义猜测能力及主旨归纳能力，整体难度适中，需学生仔细核对原文内容。
【难度系数】
0.6
