13.现将一个面积为$300\ \mathrm{cm}^2$的正方形的一组对边缩短$8\sqrt{3}\ \mathrm{cm}$,就成为一个长方形,这个长方形的面积为
60
$\mathrm{cm}^2$。答案
13.60
14. 计算:
(1) $\sqrt{32} + 3\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}} - 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{8}}$;
(2) $2\sqrt{3} - 3\sqrt{12} + 5\sqrt{27}$;
(3) $\sqrt{18} - 4\sqrt{\frac{1}{8}} - 2(\sqrt{2} - 1)$;
(4) $\sqrt{27} - 15\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}} + \frac{1}{4}\sqrt{48}$。
(1) $\sqrt{32} + 3\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}} - 2\sqrt{\frac{1}{8}}$;
(2) $2\sqrt{3} - 3\sqrt{12} + 5\sqrt{27}$;
(3) $\sqrt{18} - 4\sqrt{\frac{1}{8}} - 2(\sqrt{2} - 1)$;
(4) $\sqrt{27} - 15\sqrt{\frac{1}{3}} + \frac{1}{4}\sqrt{48}$。
答案
14.解:(1)原式=$4\sqrt{2}+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}=5\sqrt{2}$.
(2)原式=$2\sqrt{3}-6\sqrt{3}+15\sqrt{3}=11\sqrt{3}$.
(3)原式=$3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{2}+2=2$.
(4)原式=$3\sqrt{3}-5\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}=-\sqrt{3}$.
(2)原式=$2\sqrt{3}-6\sqrt{3}+15\sqrt{3}=11\sqrt{3}$.
(3)原式=$3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{2}+2=2$.
(4)原式=$3\sqrt{3}-5\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}=-\sqrt{3}$.
15. 小明在计算$(\blacksquare \sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}} -5 \sqrt{0.2}) - (\sqrt{24} - \dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{20})$的值时,发现“$\blacksquare$”处的数字印刷不清楚,请回答下列问题.
(1) 小明猜“$\blacksquare$”处的数字是6,请你计算此时$(6 \sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}} -5 \sqrt{0.2}) - (\sqrt{24} - \dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{20})$的结果;
(2) 小明的妈妈说:“你猜错了,我看到题目的正确答案是$\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}$.”请你通过计算说明原题中“$\blacksquare$”处的数字是什么.
(1) 小明猜“$\blacksquare$”处的数字是6,请你计算此时$(6 \sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}} -5 \sqrt{0.2}) - (\sqrt{24} - \dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{20})$的结果;
(2) 小明的妈妈说:“你猜错了,我看到题目的正确答案是$\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}$.”请你通过计算说明原题中“$\blacksquare$”处的数字是什么.
答案
15.解:(1)原式=$6×\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{3}-5×\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{5}-2\sqrt{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}×2\sqrt{5}=$
$2\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}=0$.
(2)设原题中“■”处的数字是$a$,则$(a \sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}-5 \sqrt{0.2})-$
$(\sqrt{24}-\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{20})=a · \dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{3}-5×\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{5}-2\sqrt{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}×$
$2\sqrt{5}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}$,
$\therefore \dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{3}a-\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2},\therefore \sqrt{6}(\dfrac{1}{3}a-2)=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}$,
$\therefore \dfrac{1}{3}a-2=\dfrac{1}{2},\therefore a=\dfrac{15}{2}$.
答:原题中“■”处的数字是$\dfrac{15}{2}$.
$2\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}=0$.
(2)设原题中“■”处的数字是$a$,则$(a \sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}-5 \sqrt{0.2})-$
$(\sqrt{24}-\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{20})=a · \dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{3}-5×\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{5}-2\sqrt{6}+\dfrac{1}{2}×$
$2\sqrt{5}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}$,
$\therefore \dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{3}a-\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{6}+\sqrt{5}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2},\therefore \sqrt{6}(\dfrac{1}{3}a-2)=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}$,
$\therefore \dfrac{1}{3}a-2=\dfrac{1}{2},\therefore a=\dfrac{15}{2}$.
答:原题中“■”处的数字是$\dfrac{15}{2}$.
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