一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. With the development of science and technology, many (known) secrets of the deep sea are being discovered.
2. Some (Africa) elephants are in danger because of habitat loss, so we need to protect them.
3. It is my (believe) that everyone should take responsibility for protecting the environment.
4. You must (full) consider all possible results before making an important decision.
5. This piece of amber can (lock) more secrets of nature.
6. Harbin, a city in (north) China, is famous for its ice sculptures in winter.
7. After hours of (argue) between the two teams, they finally agreed on the time of the match.
8. The workers spent the whole morning (clear) the snow on the road to make traffic smooth.
9. Despite the serious storm, all the passengers on the ship remained (live) and were rescued soon.
10. Scientists' new (find) about the rare plant have helped people understand how to protect it better.

1. unknown 2. African 3. belief
4. fully 5. unlock 6. northern
7. argument 8. clearing 9. alive
10. findings

【分析】
本题为英语用所给单词适当形式填空题型，解题核心是结合句子结构、词性要求及语境，对所给单词进行词形转换：需明确空格处所需词性（形容词、副词、名词、动词原形等），再通过词缀变化或固定搭配完成转换，同时结合句意判断词义（如反义词转换）。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰名词secrets，需用形容词；结合句意“未知的秘密”，known的反义词为unknown，故填unknown。
2. 空格修饰名词elephants，需用形容词；Africa的形容词形式为African，故填African。
3. 空格在形容词性物主代词my后，需用名词；believe的名词形式为belief，故填belief。
4. 空格修饰动词consider，需用副词；full的副词形式为fully，故填fully。
5. 空格在情态动词can后，需用动词原形；结合句意“解开秘密”，lock的反义词为unlock，故填unlock。
6. 空格修饰名词China，需用形容词；north的形容词形式为northern，故填northern。
7. 空格在介词of后，需用名词；argue的名词形式为argument，故填argument。
8. 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth，需用动名词形式，clear的动名词为clearing，故填clearing。
9. 空格在系动词remain后，需用形容词；live表示“活着的”时，表语用alive，故填alive。
10. 空格在形容词new后，需用名词；结合谓语have helped，用复数名词，find的名词复数为findings，故填findings。
【答案】
1. unknown 2. African 3. belief 4. fully 5. unlock 6. northern 7. argument 8. clearing 9. alive 10. findings
【知识点】
英语词性转换、固定搭配、形容词副词名词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词形转换，涵盖词性判断、词缀变化及固定搭配，是初中英语核心基础题型，需学生积累常见词形变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.5

二、选词填空
species amber dinosaurs whale lizard
1. Some scientists believe that lived on the earth millions of years ago before they suddenly disappeared.
2. The small hiding under the rock has a long tail and can change its colour to match the environment.
3. A piece of ancient with a small insect inside is on display at the Natural History Museum.
4. The blue is the largest animal in the world, and it feeds mainly on tiny sea creatures.
5. Protecting rare is crucial for maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.

1. dinosaurs 2. lizard 3. amber
4. whale 5. species

【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题，解题思路为：先明确所给5个名词（species物种、amber琥珀、dinosaurs恐龙、whale鲸鱼、lizard蜥蜴）的词义，再结合每个句子的语境（如时间特征、动物外形特点、物品属性、生态相关表述），匹配对应单词完成填空。
【解析】
1. 句中“数百万年前生活在地球后突然消失”对应史前灭绝的恐龙，故填dinosaurs；
2. 句中“躲在岩石下、长尾巴、能变色适应环境”是蜥蜴的典型特征，故填lizard；
3. 句中“古代物品内部有小昆虫”符合琥珀包裹昆虫的属性，故填amber；
4. 句中“世界最大动物、以微小海洋生物为食”对应鲸鱼，故填whale；
5. 句中“保护稀有…维持生态平衡”，稀有物种是生态保护的核心对象，故填species。
【答案】
1. dinosaurs 2. lizard 3. amber 4. whale 5. species
【知识点】
名词词义辨析、选词填空
【点评】
本题为基础英语选词题，考查常见名词的词义理解与语境匹配，语境提示清晰，词汇均为基础常用词，适合巩固词汇运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.8