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四、阅读理解
When we look at the Earth, we see many different things. Sometimes, you may hear people talk about landform and landscape. Are they the same thing? Let's find out!
A landform is a natural feature of the Earth's surface. Think of big mountains that rise high up, low valleys（山谷）between hills, flat plains that go on and on, and sandy deserts. These are all landforms. They are made by nature over a long, long time. For example, mountains are formed when huge pieces of the Earth's surface push against（撞）each other. Valleys can be made by rivers cutting through the land little by little. Each landform has a name that tells us what it looks like and how it was formed. Scientists study landforms to learn about the history of the Earth.
A landscape, on the other hand, is what you see when you look at an area of land. It includes（包括）landforms, but it also has other things like plants, buildings, and lakes. Imagine standing on top of a hill. You can see green trees waving in the wind, a small village with houses, and a clear lake nearby. All these things together make up the landscape. A landscape can change rapidly. If people build new buildings or cut down a lot of trees, the landscape will look different in just a few months.
Let's take a forest in the mountains as an example. The mountain is the landform — it's a natural feature of the Earth. But when you see the tall trees, hear the birds singing, and watch a little stream（溪流）running down the mountain, that's the landscape.
So, the key difference is this: landform is about the natural shapes of the Earth, and landscape is about the whole view of an area, including both natural and man-made things. Next time you go on a trip, try to enjoy different landforms and describe（描述）the beautiful landscapes around you!
（
A. A newly-built bridge.
B. A flat plain.
C. A group of trees.
D. A small house.
（
A. They are made by people building up the land.
B. They are formed when rivers cut through the land.
C. They are formed when the Earth's plates push into each other.
D. They are formed by heavy rain and strong winds.
（
A. Brightly.
B. Quickly.
C. Powerfully.
D. Quietly.
（
A. Only landforms.
B. Only natural things.
C. Just man-made things.
D. Landforms, trees, houses and lakes.
（
A. By telling stories.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples.
D. By asking questions.
When we look at the Earth, we see many different things. Sometimes, you may hear people talk about landform and landscape. Are they the same thing? Let's find out!
A landform is a natural feature of the Earth's surface. Think of big mountains that rise high up, low valleys（山谷）between hills, flat plains that go on and on, and sandy deserts. These are all landforms. They are made by nature over a long, long time. For example, mountains are formed when huge pieces of the Earth's surface push against（撞）each other. Valleys can be made by rivers cutting through the land little by little. Each landform has a name that tells us what it looks like and how it was formed. Scientists study landforms to learn about the history of the Earth.
A landscape, on the other hand, is what you see when you look at an area of land. It includes（包括）landforms, but it also has other things like plants, buildings, and lakes. Imagine standing on top of a hill. You can see green trees waving in the wind, a small village with houses, and a clear lake nearby. All these things together make up the landscape. A landscape can change rapidly. If people build new buildings or cut down a lot of trees, the landscape will look different in just a few months.
Let's take a forest in the mountains as an example. The mountain is the landform — it's a natural feature of the Earth. But when you see the tall trees, hear the birds singing, and watch a little stream（溪流）running down the mountain, that's the landscape.
So, the key difference is this: landform is about the natural shapes of the Earth, and landscape is about the whole view of an area, including both natural and man-made things. Next time you go on a trip, try to enjoy different landforms and describe（描述）the beautiful landscapes around you!
（
B
）1. Which of the following is a landform?A. A newly-built bridge.
B. A flat plain.
C. A group of trees.
D. A small house.
（
C
）2. What can we learn from the text about how mountains are formed?A. They are made by people building up the land.
B. They are formed when rivers cut through the land.
C. They are formed when the Earth's plates push into each other.
D. They are formed by heavy rain and strong winds.
（
B
）3. What does the underlined word "rapidly" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Brightly.
B. Quickly.
C. Powerfully.
D. Quietly.
（
D
）4. What does "landscape" usually include?A. Only landforms.
B. Only natural things.
C. Just man-made things.
D. Landforms, trees, houses and lakes.
（
C
）5. How does the writer explain the difference between landform and landscape?A. By telling stories.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples.
D. By asking questions.
答案
1. B 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. C
