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五、 阅读还原 主题:人与社会——科学与技术 学科素养:学习能力 词数:约210 建议用时:4分钟
Have you ever wondered why the letters on a keyboard are not in “ABC” order?
The keyboard we use every day is called the QWERTY keyboard layout (布局). Q, W, E, R, T, Y are the first six letters on this layout, starting from the top left. 21.
24.
A. But training required too much time and money.
B. However, another problem came about in the 1940s.
C. These typewriters did have the ABC ke
board layout.
D. To understand why we went with QWERTY, we need to go back in history.
E. Most typists ended up breaking the typewriter altogether when separating the keys.
Have you ever wondered why the letters on a keyboard are not in “ABC” order?
The keyboard we use every day is called the QWERTY keyboard layout (布局). Q, W, E, R, T, Y are the first six letters on this layout, starting from the top left. 21.
D
The first manual typewriter (手动打字机), with a keyboard which looked like a piano, was invented in the late 19th century. 22. C
However, people later found that as the typing speed (速度) increased, some keys failed to come back to their places quickly. As a result, they got jammed (卡住) very easily. 23. E
To solve this problem, the QWERTY keyboard was invented. It placed keys in such a way that the most used letters were spaced out so that the keys were more likely to work freely.24.
B
With the arrival of the computer, the typists in offices were the same people who were to now use computers. This meant the typists had to be trained to use the new device (设备). 25. A
It was easier to design the keyboards following the layout of typewriters, which was the QWERTY layout, and this continues even today.A. But training required too much time and money.
B. However, another problem came about in the 1940s.
C. These typewriters did have the ABC ke
board layout.D. To understand why we went with QWERTY, we need to go back in history.
E. Most typists ended up breaking the typewriter altogether when separating the keys.
答案
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了为什么我们的键盘不是按“ABC”顺序排列的。
21.D 22.C 23.E 24.B 25.A
21.D 22.C 23.E 24.B 25.A
解析
【分析】
做阅读还原题需紧扣上下文的逻辑关系（如引出话题、顺承、因果、转折等）逐一匹配句子：21空前文介绍QWERTY键盘，后文转向手动打字机的历史，需一句引出历史的句子；22空前文提及手动打字机，后文讲按键问题，需说明打字机布局的句子；23空前文说按键卡住，需对应结果的句子；24空后文提到1940年代的新问题，需引出新问题的句子；25空前文说打字员需培训，需对应培训问题的句子。
【解析】
21题：前文引出QWERTY键盘，后文转向打字机历史，D选项“To understand why we went with QWERTY, we need to go back in history.”承接话题，选D；22题：前文讲手动打字机，C选项“These typewriters did have the ABC keyboard layout.”顺承说明打字机的布局，选C；23题：前文说按键卡住，E选项“Most typists ended up breaking the typewriter altogether when separating the keys.”是按键卡住的结果，选E；24题：后文提到1940年代的新问题，B选项“However, another problem came about in the 1940s.”引出新问题，选B；25题：前文说打字员需培训，A选项“But training required too much time and money.”对应培训的问题，选A。
【答案】21.D 22.C 23.E 24.B 25.A
【知识点】阅读还原、语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】本题考查学生对语篇逻辑的理解与推理能力，是初中英语常见的语篇补全题型，需结合上下文话题、逻辑关系解题。
【难度系数】0.6
做阅读还原题需紧扣上下文的逻辑关系（如引出话题、顺承、因果、转折等）逐一匹配句子：21空前文介绍QWERTY键盘，后文转向手动打字机的历史，需一句引出历史的句子；22空前文提及手动打字机，后文讲按键问题，需说明打字机布局的句子；23空前文说按键卡住，需对应结果的句子；24空后文提到1940年代的新问题，需引出新问题的句子；25空前文说打字员需培训，需对应培训问题的句子。
【解析】
21题：前文引出QWERTY键盘，后文转向打字机历史，D选项“To understand why we went with QWERTY, we need to go back in history.”承接话题，选D；22题：前文讲手动打字机，C选项“These typewriters did have the ABC keyboard layout.”顺承说明打字机的布局，选C；23题：前文说按键卡住，E选项“Most typists ended up breaking the typewriter altogether when separating the keys.”是按键卡住的结果，选E；24题：后文提到1940年代的新问题，B选项“However, another problem came about in the 1940s.”引出新问题，选B；25题：前文说打字员需培训，A选项“But training required too much time and money.”对应培训的问题，选A。
【答案】21.D 22.C 23.E 24.B 25.A
【知识点】阅读还原、语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】本题考查学生对语篇逻辑的理解与推理能力，是初中英语常见的语篇补全题型，需结合上下文话题、逻辑关系解题。
【难度系数】0.6
