B
体裁: 说明文
主题: 中华文化
难度: ★★★★
建议用时: 7 min
正确率: /5
新素养·文化意识 Hall for a big exam
Have you ever heard the titles(头衔) Zhuangyuan, Bangyan and Tan hua? These are titles for the top three students in the Palace Examination(殿试). But which “palace” does the exam take place in?
Big exam
The Palace Examination is the last round of the Imperial Examination(科举考试). Every three years, the best students in China go to the Forbidden City. They take this examination in the Hall of Preserving Harmony(保和殿).
On that day, my father holds the exam himself. The exam lasts for a whole day. Later, my father gives grades to the students and selects the top three. Most of the students will get a job after the exam. They will become officials(官员). They can help my father build the country.
Special reward for the top three
The top three students in the Palace Examination get a special reward(奖励): they can leave the Forbidden City through the middle door of the Meridian Gate(午门). The Meridian Gate is the main gate. It has five doors. But most of the time, only my father can use the door in the middle.
Treasure is here
Look at this big water jar(缸). Its name is taipinggang. The biggest taipinggang is in front of the Hall of Preserving Harmony. People can use water in the jars to put out fires. In winter, they heat the jars to keep the water from freezing(结冰).
1. The Palace Examination takes place in .
A. the Hall of Supreme Harmony
B. the Hall of Preserving Harmony
C. the Hall of Central Harmony
D. the Hall of Heavenly Purity
2. How long does the Palace Examination last?
A. An hour.
B. Half a day.
C. A whole day.
D. Three days.
3. From the passage, we can infer the writer is .
A. a student
B. a tourist
C. a reporter
D. a child of the emperor
4. What does the underlined word “selects” mean in Chinese?
A. 挑选
B. 捡起
C. 剔除
D. 采摘
学霸 | 5星英语 七上(JS)
5. The purpose of the article is to .
A. praise the emperor
B. introduce a hall for exams
C. introduce the Palace Examination
D. show treasures of the Forbidden City

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向读者介绍了科举考试中殿试的基本信息，包括该考试在哪里举行、由谁主持、持续多久、前三名的头衔及奖励等。
1. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“They take this examination in the Hall of Preserving Harmony.”可知，殿试在保和殿举行。故选 B。
2. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“The exam lasts for a whole day.”可知，考试会持续一整天。故选 C。
3. D 【解析】推理判断题。根据文中的“my father”可推知，作者可能是皇帝的孩子。故选 D。
4. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据“Later, my father gives grades to the students and selects the top three.”可知，皇帝亲自主持殿试，给每个学生打分，并从中挑选出最优秀的三人。因此“selects”的含义为“挑选”。故选 A。
5. C 【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要向读者介绍了科举考试中殿试的基本信息，具体包括该考试在哪里举行、由谁主持、持续多久、前三名的头衔及奖励等。故选 C。

【分析】本题是围绕中国科举殿试展开的英语说明文阅读，共5道题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断、主旨大意类题型。解题思路：1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心围绕殿试的举办地点、时长、前三名奖励等内容；2. 针对每道题，根据题干关键词回原文定位，找到对应信息后匹配选项；3. 词义猜测题结合上下文语境推断词义；4. 推理判断题需依据文中细节合理推导，避免主观臆断；5. 主旨大意题梳理全文内容，总结核心主题。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“They take this examination in the Hall of Preserving Harmony.”可知，殿试在保和殿举行，故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“The exam lasts for a whole day.”可知，殿试持续一整天，故选C。
3. 推理判断题。文中多次出现“my father”，结合殿试由皇帝主持的背景，可推断作者是皇帝的孩子，故选D。
4. 词义猜测题。根据原文“my father gives grades to the students and selects the top three”，皇帝给学生打分后从中选出前三名，故“selects”意为“挑选”，选A。
5. 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章主要介绍科举考试中殿试的相关信息，包括举办地点、时长、前三名奖励等，故选C。
【答案】1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解；细节理解；推理判断
【点评】本文以英语为载体介绍中国传统文化中的科举殿试知识，既考查学生英语阅读能力，又渗透文化意识培养，符合初中英语学习要求。
【难度系数】0.6