训练5
体裁：说明文
主题：科学研究
难度：★★★★★
As we know, eating vegetables is good for us. Why do some people like them but others don’t? A new study has found that other people’s likes and dislikes could be a reason. According to the research, people who eat vegetables and show a clear dislike for them can influence others.
People may make facial expressions(表情)when eating. How does it affect a person watching them? A team of scientists in the UK did a study. They asked more than 200 young women to watch videos of other adults eating broccoli(西兰花). The people in the videos had different expressions while eating. They would smile, seem neutral(neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.
The study found that when people in the videos looked disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less. The opposite(反面)was not true, however. When someone had a smile while eating broccoli, people watching them did not like broccoli more.
By watching others, humans learn which behaviors will be good for them. Scientists believe that people might avoid food that looks terrible. In this way, people can protect themselves from eating something bad or dangerous.
The research focused only on adults, but the team believed that the results could also work for children. This means, if children see their parents not enjoying certain foods, including vegetables, they might not want to eat them either.
How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand more about it. This could help find ways to encourage children to eat more healthy food.
1. What does the underlined word “disgusted” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Excited.
B. Amazed.
C. Unhappy.
D. Untidy.
2. What’s the result of the study?
A. People may prefer the food others like.
B. Children dislike eating certain vegetables.
C. Young women are easily influenced by others.
D. People may not choose the food others dislike.
3. The team may do further study on .
A. the safety of children’s food
B. the wish to understand children
C. the influences of parents’ behavior
D. the ways to produce healthy food
4. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Videos influence choices of food
B. Studies on vegetables help a lot
C. Expressions prevent possible dangers
D. Opinions on vegetables influence others

1. C 词义猜测题。根据第二段“They would smile, seem neutral(neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.”可知他们会微笑，看起来很中立（既不高兴也不悲伤），或者看起来很厌恶，故此处画线单词和unhappy意义相近。故选C。
2. D 推理判断题。根据第三段“The study found that when people in the videos looked disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less.”可知，研究发现，当视频中的人在吃西兰花时表现得很厌恶时，观看视频的人开始不喜欢西兰花，即人们可能不会选择别人不喜欢的食物。故选D。
3. C 推理判断题。根据“How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand more about it.”可知，成年人的行为如何影响儿童对食物的选择？该团队表示，他们希望了解更多，所以会继续研究父母行为的影响。故选C。
4. D 标题归纳题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了吃蔬菜并表现出不喜欢某种蔬菜的人会对别人造成影响，由此可以帮助专家找到鼓励孩子多吃对他们健康有益的食物的方法，选项D“对蔬菜的看法影响他人”最能概括全文。故选D。

【分析】
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需定位到第二段划线词所在句，分析并列的三种表情：微笑（开心）、中立（无明显情绪），由此推断disgusted的含义，匹配选项。
2. 第2题是推理判断题，需定位到第三段的研究结果，明确“他人表现出对西兰花的厌恶会让观看者更不喜欢西兰花”这一结论，对应选项。
3. 第3题是推理判断题，需定位到最后一段，找到团队希望进一步研究的内容，即成年人（父母）行为对儿童食物选择的影响，匹配选项。
4. 第4题是标题归纳题，需概括全文核心主旨：人们对蔬菜的看法会影响他人，选择最贴合的标题。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测题：根据第二段“They would smile, seem neutral(neither happy nor sad), or look disgusted.”可知，此处列举了三种表情，disgusted与负面情绪相关，选项中unhappy（不开心）符合，故选C。
2. 推理判断题：根据第三段“The study found that when people in the videos looked disgusted while eating broccoli, people watching them began to like broccoli less.”可知，当他人表现出对西兰花的厌恶时，观看者会更不喜欢西兰花，即人们可能不会选择别人不喜欢的食物，故选D。
3. 推理判断题：根据最后一段“How does the behavior of adults influence children’s choices of food? The team said they hope to understand more about it.”可知，团队希望进一步研究成年人（父母）的行为对儿童食物选择的影响，故选C。
4. 标题归纳题：全文围绕“人们对蔬菜的看法会影响他人”这一研究展开，选项D最能概括主旨，故选D。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.D
【知识点】
词义猜测题、推理判断题、标题归纳题
【点评】
本文是一篇关于科学研究的说明文，考查学生的英语阅读理解核心能力，涵盖多种阅读题型，需要学生精准定位原文信息，结合上下文逻辑分析选项，整体考查细致。
【难度系数】
0.5