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(B)
Jobs in the past
Some time ago, people did not have many choices about their jobs. They usually
worked near their hometown and they often stayed in one job for their whole life.
They worked with fixed hours in fixed places and did not have much need to develop
new skills.
Now people have much more choices. They can choose to work in other towns or
cities and some may even work in other countries. Also it is common for people to
change jobs and by doing so, they can have different work experiences. On the other
hand, with increasing competition in the job market, most people want to, and often
need to, develop new job skills.
Jobs in the future
In the future, more people will be able to sell their skills and services to many
different companies instead of working for one company for many years. More people
will work from home. They will also need to work with people they never meet in
person. And there will be many other changes we cannot imagine now. All of these
mean that there will be more competition from people all over the world for tomorrow's
jobs. Are you ready for the future?
46. Who may be most interested in this passage?
A. Senior high school students. B. Company managers.
C. Retired workers. D. College teachers.
47. What is the job in the past like?
A. People usually worked near home.
B. People needed to own many skills.
C. People's working time seldom changed.
D. People always faced lots of competition.
48. Which of the followings is suitable for
A. Oversea jobs B. Job markets
C. Present jobs D. Job hunting
49. The underlined word "these" in the last paragraph refers to .
A. jobs B. changes C. skills D. choices
50. To go on with the article, what may the writer most probably write about?
A. What are the most popular jobs?
B. What skills will future jobs need?
C. What are the differences between present jobs and future jobs?
D. What problems may people face in the future?
Jobs in the past
Some time ago, people did not have many choices about their jobs. They usually
worked near their hometown and they often stayed in one job for their whole life.
They worked with fixed hours in fixed places and did not have much need to develop
new skills.
Now people have much more choices. They can choose to work in other towns or
cities and some may even work in other countries. Also it is common for people to
change jobs and by doing so, they can have different work experiences. On the other
hand, with increasing competition in the job market, most people want to, and often
need to, develop new job skills.
Jobs in the future
In the future, more people will be able to sell their skills and services to many
different companies instead of working for one company for many years. More people
will work from home. They will also need to work with people they never meet in
person. And there will be many other changes we cannot imagine now. All of these
mean that there will be more competition from people all over the world for tomorrow's
jobs. Are you ready for the future?
46. Who may be most interested in this passage?
A. Senior high school students. B. Company managers.
C. Retired workers. D. College teachers.
47. What is the job in the past like?
A. People usually worked near home.
B. People needed to own many skills.
C. People's working time seldom changed.
D. People always faced lots of competition.
48. Which of the followings is suitable for
C
▲▲
?A. Oversea jobs B. Job markets
C. Present jobs D. Job hunting
49. The underlined word "these" in the last paragraph refers to .
A. jobs B. changes C. skills D. choices
50. To go on with the article, what may the writer most probably write about?
A. What are the most popular jobs?
B. What skills will future jobs need?
C. What are the differences between present jobs and future jobs?
D. What problems may people face in the future?
答案
46.A 47.C 48.C 49.B 50.B
解析
【分析】
这是一篇按时间线展开的职业主题说明文，解题时首先要梳理文章整体框架：全文分为三个并列板块，分别介绍过去的工作、当下的工作、未来的工作的特征。之后逐题对应原文定位信息，通过比对选项、排除明显错误的干扰项，结合行文逻辑推理就能得到正确答案。做这类阅读题要注意细节信息的精准匹配，同时关注指代关系、文章结构和收尾段的行文走向，避免被看似符合常识的错误选项误导。
【解析】
46. 文章介绍了不同时期工作的特征变化，最后以“你为未来的工作做好准备了吗”收尾，面向即将面临职业规划、即将步入职场的群体，高中生正处于职业选择的预备阶段，对这类内容最感兴趣。公司管理者、退休工人、大学教师都不是该内容的核心受众，因此选A。
47. 定位原文第一段“They worked with fixed hours in fixed places and did not have much need to develop new skills”，可知过去的工作时间是固定的，几乎很少变动。选项B（人们需要掌握很多技能）和原文表述相反，选项D（人们一直面临大量竞争）不符合过去的职场特征，选项A的“在家附近工作”只是部分人的情况，不是过去工作的核心典型特征，因此选C。
48. 文章前后两个小标题分别是“Jobs in the past”和“Jobs in the future”，中间第二段全部内容都在介绍当下人们工作的选择、跳槽、技能提升等现状，对应小标题为Present jobs，因此选C。
49. 定位划线词these的前文，前文先列举了未来工作的各类变化，最后提到“还有很多我们现在无法想象的其他变化”，紧接着说“所有这些都意味着未来的工作会有来自全球的更多竞争”，因此these指代前文提到的所有变化，选B。
50. 文章结尾点明未来职场竞争会大幅提升，反问读者是否做好准备，按照行文逻辑，接下来最可能介绍的是未来工作需要具备哪些技能，给读者的准备提供明确方向。热门工作盘点、现未来工作差异对比、未来的泛化问题都不符合收尾段的引导逻辑，因此选B。
【答案】
46.A 47.C 48.C 49.B 50.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，代词指代判断，文章结构分析
【点评】
本篇阅读贴合青少年职业认知的场景，难度梯度设置合理，既考察学生对原文细节的精准查找比对能力，也涉及对文章框架、指代关系和行文逻辑的推理，同时能引导学生主动思考未来的职业规划方向。
【难度系数】
0.65
这是一篇按时间线展开的职业主题说明文，解题时首先要梳理文章整体框架：全文分为三个并列板块，分别介绍过去的工作、当下的工作、未来的工作的特征。之后逐题对应原文定位信息，通过比对选项、排除明显错误的干扰项，结合行文逻辑推理就能得到正确答案。做这类阅读题要注意细节信息的精准匹配，同时关注指代关系、文章结构和收尾段的行文走向，避免被看似符合常识的错误选项误导。
【解析】
46. 文章介绍了不同时期工作的特征变化，最后以“你为未来的工作做好准备了吗”收尾，面向即将面临职业规划、即将步入职场的群体，高中生正处于职业选择的预备阶段，对这类内容最感兴趣。公司管理者、退休工人、大学教师都不是该内容的核心受众，因此选A。
47. 定位原文第一段“They worked with fixed hours in fixed places and did not have much need to develop new skills”，可知过去的工作时间是固定的，几乎很少变动。选项B（人们需要掌握很多技能）和原文表述相反，选项D（人们一直面临大量竞争）不符合过去的职场特征，选项A的“在家附近工作”只是部分人的情况，不是过去工作的核心典型特征，因此选C。
48. 文章前后两个小标题分别是“Jobs in the past”和“Jobs in the future”，中间第二段全部内容都在介绍当下人们工作的选择、跳槽、技能提升等现状，对应小标题为Present jobs，因此选C。
49. 定位划线词these的前文，前文先列举了未来工作的各类变化，最后提到“还有很多我们现在无法想象的其他变化”，紧接着说“所有这些都意味着未来的工作会有来自全球的更多竞争”，因此these指代前文提到的所有变化，选B。
50. 文章结尾点明未来职场竞争会大幅提升，反问读者是否做好准备，按照行文逻辑，接下来最可能介绍的是未来工作需要具备哪些技能，给读者的准备提供明确方向。热门工作盘点、现未来工作差异对比、未来的泛化问题都不符合收尾段的引导逻辑，因此选B。
【答案】
46.A 47.C 48.C 49.B 50.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，代词指代判断，文章结构分析
【点评】
本篇阅读贴合青少年职业认知的场景，难度梯度设置合理，既考察学生对原文细节的精准查找比对能力，也涉及对文章框架、指代关系和行文逻辑的推理，同时能引导学生主动思考未来的职业规划方向。
【难度系数】
0.65
