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五、阅读理解
A Buddha statue at the Longmen Grottoes(龙门石窟) in Luoyang went popular online for its new look. It now has a smooth patina(氧化层), as too many tourists have touched it and caused its surface to change colour.
What happened to this statue is not uncommon. Tourism is harmful to many cultural relics(遗迹). To better protect them, workers and scientists in grottoes have been asked to do research and see how many daily visitors they can safely handle.
It's true that too many tourists can lead to problems like littering and damaging(破坏) relics. Some tourists might even write and paint on the walls. However, grottoes are at great risk for several reasons.
Over many centuries, the ancient rocks that make up these grottoes are slowly damaged because of polluted air and water, as well as microorganisms. According to a study by the China University of Geosciences, researchers found that visitors often bring in microorganisms. Even their body heat can increase the caves' temperature. All of these things can be harmful to the relics inside.
Luckily, there are already rules in many grottoes. For example, at the Mogao Grottoes, starting in 2014, all visitors are divided into guided groups. Up to 6,000 visitors are allowed in the site every day. The number of visitors should be controlled and tourists are also being encouraged to book tickets online and avoid visiting during the busy season.
()1. Why did the surface of a Buddha statue in Luoyang change its colour?
A. Because it was touched a lot.
B. Because it was painted again.
C. Because it was covered up for protection.
D. Because it received more sunlight than ever.
()2. What does the underlined word "handle" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Teach.
B. Manage.
C. Check.
D. Punish.
()3. According to the passage, what are the reasons why the grottoes are at great risk?
①a large number of tourists ②polluted air, water and microorganisms
③some tourists' bad behaviour(行为) ④improper rules that the government once set
A. ①②③④
B. ①②④
C. ①②③
D. ①③
()4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. An introduction to several grottoes.
B. The research on how to protect grottoes.
C. The rules that visitors should follow in grottoes.
D. The problems grottoes face and the ways to solve them.
A Buddha statue at the Longmen Grottoes(龙门石窟) in Luoyang went popular online for its new look. It now has a smooth patina(氧化层), as too many tourists have touched it and caused its surface to change colour.
What happened to this statue is not uncommon. Tourism is harmful to many cultural relics(遗迹). To better protect them, workers and scientists in grottoes have been asked to do research and see how many daily visitors they can safely handle.
It's true that too many tourists can lead to problems like littering and damaging(破坏) relics. Some tourists might even write and paint on the walls. However, grottoes are at great risk for several reasons.
Over many centuries, the ancient rocks that make up these grottoes are slowly damaged because of polluted air and water, as well as microorganisms. According to a study by the China University of Geosciences, researchers found that visitors often bring in microorganisms. Even their body heat can increase the caves' temperature. All of these things can be harmful to the relics inside.
Luckily, there are already rules in many grottoes. For example, at the Mogao Grottoes, starting in 2014, all visitors are divided into guided groups. Up to 6,000 visitors are allowed in the site every day. The number of visitors should be controlled and tourists are also being encouraged to book tickets online and avoid visiting during the busy season.
()1. Why did the surface of a Buddha statue in Luoyang change its colour?
A. Because it was touched a lot.
B. Because it was painted again.
C. Because it was covered up for protection.
D. Because it received more sunlight than ever.
()2. What does the underlined word "handle" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Teach.
B. Manage.
C. Check.
D. Punish.
()3. According to the passage, what are the reasons why the grottoes are at great risk?
①a large number of tourists ②polluted air, water and microorganisms
③some tourists' bad behaviour(行为) ④improper rules that the government once set
A. ①②③④
B. ①②④
C. ①②③
D. ①③
()4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. An introduction to several grottoes.
B. The research on how to protect grottoes.
C. The rules that visitors should follow in grottoes.
D. The problems grottoes face and the ways to solve them.
答案
1—4 ABCD
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题。第1题需定位佛像变色的原因，第2题需结合语境猜测词义，第3题需梳理石窟面临风险的原因，第4题需归纳文章主旨，每道题都要从原文找对应依据，排除错误选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“as too many tourists have touched it and caused its surface to change colour”，可知佛像表面变色是因为被太多游客触摸，对应选项A；
2. 词义猜测题：第二段提到“how many daily visitors they can safely handle”，结合语境是指安全管理游客数量，handle意为“管理”，对应选项B；
3. 细节理解题：原文提到石窟风险原因包括游客多（①）、污染空气水及微生物（②）、游客不良行为（③），原文说明已有保护规则，故④错误，对应选项C；
4. 主旨大意题：文章先讲述石窟面临的问题（游客破坏、自然损坏等），再介绍解决措施（控制游客数量、预约等），对应选项D。
【答案】
ABCD
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心能力，包括细节查找、词义推断和主旨归纳，难度适中，需学生仔细阅读原文，准确定位信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题。第1题需定位佛像变色的原因，第2题需结合语境猜测词义，第3题需梳理石窟面临风险的原因，第4题需归纳文章主旨，每道题都要从原文找对应依据，排除错误选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“as too many tourists have touched it and caused its surface to change colour”，可知佛像表面变色是因为被太多游客触摸，对应选项A；
2. 词义猜测题：第二段提到“how many daily visitors they can safely handle”，结合语境是指安全管理游客数量，handle意为“管理”，对应选项B；
3. 细节理解题：原文提到石窟风险原因包括游客多（①）、污染空气水及微生物（②）、游客不良行为（③），原文说明已有保护规则，故④错误，对应选项C；
4. 主旨大意题：文章先讲述石窟面临的问题（游客破坏、自然损坏等），再介绍解决措施（控制游客数量、预约等），对应选项D。
【答案】
ABCD
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心能力，包括细节查找、词义推断和主旨归纳，难度适中，需学生仔细阅读原文，准确定位信息。
【难度系数】
0.6
读后词汇拓展 猜出画波浪线单词的词性和中文意思，并收入自己的小词典。
1. surface
1. surface
n. 表面
2. microorganism n. 微生物
答案
1. n. 表面 2. n. 微生物
解析
【分析】
解答本题需回忆基础英语词汇的词性与含义，对于派生词可结合构词法辅助判断：1. surface是常用基础词汇，先确定其常见词性；2. microorganism由前缀“micro-（微小的）”和词根“organism（生物）”构成，结合构词逻辑推断词性与词义。
【解析】
1. surface为名词，中文意思是“表面”；2. microorganism为名词，中文意思是“微生物”。
【答案】1. n. 表面 2. n. 微生物
【知识点】英语词汇词性、英语词汇释义
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的词性与词义，可通过日常积累或构词法快速判断，属于词汇积累类基础题目，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
解答本题需回忆基础英语词汇的词性与含义，对于派生词可结合构词法辅助判断：1. surface是常用基础词汇，先确定其常见词性；2. microorganism由前缀“micro-（微小的）”和词根“organism（生物）”构成，结合构词逻辑推断词性与词义。
【解析】
1. surface为名词，中文意思是“表面”；2. microorganism为名词，中文意思是“微生物”。
【答案】1. n. 表面 2. n. 微生物
【知识点】英语词汇词性、英语词汇释义
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的词性与词义，可通过日常积累或构词法快速判断，属于词汇积累类基础题目，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
