Ⅰ. 根据音标或汉语提示完成单词(每空一词)
1. Farmers are working hard on the (/ˈfɑːmlænd/).
2. The (政府) has taken many steps to protect our environment.
3. Many small insects like to live in the green (灌木) near the river.
4. The wall has a (粗糙的) surface.
5. A strong (沙尘暴) hit the northern part of the country yesterday.
6. Many plants died because of (/læk/) of water.
7. Tourists love this quiet coastal town because of its clean sea and wide (/ˈsændi/) beaches.
8. Plants need rich (土壤) to grow well.
9. In cold northern areas, mountains are (覆盖) with thick ice in the late autumn.
10. With your (/səˈpɔːt/), we can finish this hard work easily.

1. farmland 2. government 3. bushes 4. rough 5. sandstorm 6. lack
7. sandy 8. soil 9. covered 10. support

【分析】本题是根据音标或汉语提示填写英语单词的基础题，解题时需先明确每个小题的提示类型（音标或汉语），再回忆对应提示的正确英语单词，同时注意单词的形式变化（如名词复数、被动语态的过去分词），确保拼写准确、符合语境。
【解析】1. 音标/ˈfɑːmlænd/对应单词farmland；2. 汉语“政府”对应单词government；3. 汉语“灌木”，结合语境用复数形式bushes；4. 汉语“粗糙的”对应单词rough；5. 汉语“沙尘暴”对应单词sandstorm；6. 音标/læk/对应单词lack；7. 音标/ˈsændi/对应单词sandy；8. 汉语“土壤”对应单词soil；9. 汉语“覆盖”，此处为被动语态结构be covered with，故用covered；10. 音标/səˈpɔːt/对应单词support。
【答案】farmland, government, bushes, rough, sandstorm, lack, sandy, soil, covered, support
【知识点】英语单词拼写、音标认读、名词单复数
【点评】本题考查基础英语词汇的运用，结合音标和汉语提示，涉及少量单词形式变化（如名词复数、被动语态），属于基础题型，适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】0.8

Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. They didn't have (some) good places for shopping until 10 years ago.
2. When I first visited here,it took half a day (reach) the town.
3. The town (build) more houses for families in need in the past few years.
4. Good study habits make our school life much (easy) and more enjoyable.
5. The scientists found a special bush with long (root) that could hold the soil together.
6. There (use) to be much farmland around the village.
7. As time goes by,the polluted water in this area has (get) cleaner with people's joint efforts.
8. Have you (see) the film that our teacher talked about last week?

1. any 2. to reach 3. has built 4. easier 5. roots 6. used 7. got 8. seen

【分析】
本题为用所给单词适当形式填空，需结合句子语境、语法规则及固定搭配分析：
1. 否定句中，不定代词some需改为any（any用于否定/疑问句，some用于肯定句）；
2. 考查固定句型It takes + 时间 + to do sth，需用动词不定式；
3. 时间状语in the past few years是现在完成时的标志，主语为单数，结构为has + 过去分词；
4. and连接并列比较级，后为more enjoyable，故用easy的比较级；
5. root为可数名词，此处指灌木的根，用复数形式；
6. 固定搭配used to be表示“过去曾经有”；
7. 现在完成时结构has + 过去分词，get的过去分词为got；
8. 现在完成时疑问句中，have后接see的过去分词。
【解析】
1. 句子为否定句，不定代词some需转换为any，故填any；
2. 固定句型It takes half a day to do sth，需用动词不定式，故填to reach；
3. 时间状语in the past few years（过去几年）是现在完成时的标志，主语the town为单数，故用has built；
4. and连接并列的比较级，后为more enjoyable，故用easy的比较级easier，填easier；
5. root是可数名词，此处指灌木的根，需用复数形式，故填roots；
6. 固定搭配used to be表示“过去曾经有”，故填used；
7. 现在完成时结构为has + 过去分词，get的过去分词是got，故填got；
8. 现在完成时的一般疑问句，have后接see的过去分词seen，故填seen。
【答案】
1. any 2. to reach 3. has built 4. easier 5. roots 6. used 7. got 8. seen
【知识点】
不定代词的用法、动词时态、固定句型搭配
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法题型，主要考查不定代词、动词时态、形容词比较级及固定搭配等核心知识点，难度较低，侧重基础语法的应用，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.3