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Ⅹ.阅读下面短文,并完成表格。
Different countries have their own special culture. Here are some interesting customs around the world.
In India, people often greet others with palms pressing together and say "Namaste". It's polite to avoid touching people's heads. Always use the right hand for giving or receiving items because the left is seen as unclean. Good conversation topics include asking about family or local festivals.
Brazil is known for its warm greetings. Friends often hug or give cheek kisses, even when first meeting. Brazilians love talking about football, music or beaches. Just avoid discussing politics.
Singapore mixes many cultures. A firm handshake is common, but older Chinese-Singaporeans may prefer a nod. Small talk often begins with "Have you eaten?". Remember not to interrupt others when talking. It's very rude.
South Africa has diverse greetings. Handshakes are common, but some cultures use special ways. Keep eye contact when speaking to show respect. Rugby and wildlife make great conversation topics.
These customs show how each culture expresses friendliness in its own unique way!
XI.阅读下面文章,写出文章每段的段落大意和文章的中心思想。
In today's connected world, understanding different cultures is more important than ever. When we learn about other cultures, we become more open-minded and respectful toward people from different backgrounds. This helps us communicate better and avoid misunderstandings.
Cultural understanding brings many benefits. First, it helps us build stronger friendships with people from other countries. For example, knowing basic customs, like bowing in Japan or removing shoes before entering a house in some cultures, shows respect. Second, it makes travelling easier and more enjoyable. If we understand local traditions, we can behave properly and avoid causing problems. Finally, in business, cultural awareness helps companies work successfully with international partners.
Moreover, learning about other cultures makes us wiser. We can discover new ways of thinking, different foods, and interesting traditions around the world. These cultures make the world more colourful and exciting. By enjoying diversity, we create a more peaceful and united global community.
In conclusion, it is useful to understand different cultures. It helps us connect with others, get along well with others, and make the world a better place.
段落大意
1.
2.
3.
4.
中心思想
Different countries have their own special culture. Here are some interesting customs around the world.
In India, people often greet others with palms pressing together and say "Namaste". It's polite to avoid touching people's heads. Always use the right hand for giving or receiving items because the left is seen as unclean. Good conversation topics include asking about family or local festivals.
Brazil is known for its warm greetings. Friends often hug or give cheek kisses, even when first meeting. Brazilians love talking about football, music or beaches. Just avoid discussing politics.
Singapore mixes many cultures. A firm handshake is common, but older Chinese-Singaporeans may prefer a nod. Small talk often begins with "Have you eaten?". Remember not to interrupt others when talking. It's very rude.
South Africa has diverse greetings. Handshakes are common, but some cultures use special ways. Keep eye contact when speaking to show respect. Rugby and wildlife make great conversation topics.
These customs show how each culture expresses friendliness in its own unique way!
XI.阅读下面文章,写出文章每段的段落大意和文章的中心思想。
In today's connected world, understanding different cultures is more important than ever. When we learn about other cultures, we become more open-minded and respectful toward people from different backgrounds. This helps us communicate better and avoid misunderstandings.
Cultural understanding brings many benefits. First, it helps us build stronger friendships with people from other countries. For example, knowing basic customs, like bowing in Japan or removing shoes before entering a house in some cultures, shows respect. Second, it makes travelling easier and more enjoyable. If we understand local traditions, we can behave properly and avoid causing problems. Finally, in business, cultural awareness helps companies work successfully with international partners.
Moreover, learning about other cultures makes us wiser. We can discover new ways of thinking, different foods, and interesting traditions around the world. These cultures make the world more colourful and exciting. By enjoying diversity, we create a more peaceful and united global community.
In conclusion, it is useful to understand different cultures. It helps us connect with others, get along well with others, and make the world a better place.
段落大意
1.
Understanding different cultures is more important than ever today.
2.
Cultural understanding brings many benefits.
3.
Learning about other cultures makes us wiser.
4.
It is useful to understand different cultures.
中心思想
The passage talks about the importance of understanding different cultures.
答案
Ⅹ 1. palms pressing together 2. Avoid touching 3. the right hand
4. cheek kisses 5. football, music or beaches 6. a nod
7. interrupt others 8. Handshakes 9. show respect
10. great conversation topics
Ⅺ 1. Understanding different cultures is more important than ever today.
2. Cultural understanding brings many benefits.
3. Learning about other cultures makes us wiser.
4. It is useful to understand different cultures.
The passage talks about the importance of understanding different cultures.
4. cheek kisses 5. football, music or beaches 6. a nod
7. interrupt others 8. Handshakes 9. show respect
10. great conversation topics
Ⅺ 1. Understanding different cultures is more important than ever today.
2. Cultural understanding brings many benefits.
3. Learning about other cultures makes us wiser.
4. It is useful to understand different cultures.
The passage talks about the importance of understanding different cultures.
解析
【分析】
本题分为两部分，第一部分是根据短文内容完成不同国家习俗的表格填空，解题思路为：定位每个国家在短文中的对应描述，匹配表格空白处的关键词；第二部分是概括议论文的段落大意和中心思想，解题思路为：逐段阅读短文，抓住每段核心句提炼段落大意，整合各段核心得出文章中心思想。
【解析】
Ⅹ 表格填空解析：
1. 印度问候方式：原文“In India, people often greet others with palms pressing together and say 'Namaste'.”，故填palms pressing together；
2. 印度禁忌：原文“It's polite to avoid touching people's heads.”，故填Avoid touching；
3. 印度递接物品方式：原文“Always use the right hand for giving or receiving items...”，故填the right hand；
4. 巴西问候方式：原文“Friends often hug or give cheek kisses...”，故填cheek kisses；
5. 巴西话题：原文“Brazilians love talking about football, music or beaches.”，故填football, music or beaches；
6. 新加坡问候偏好：原文“...older Chinese-Singaporeans may prefer a nod.”，故填a nod；
7. 新加坡谈话禁忌：原文“Remember not to interrupt others when talking.”，故填interrupt others；
8. 南非常见问候：原文“Handshakes are common, but some cultures use special ways.”，故填Handshakes；
9. 南非眼神交流目的：原文“Keep eye contact when speaking to show respect.”，故填show respect；
10. 南非话题：原文“Rugby and wildlife make great conversation topics.”，故填great conversation topics。
Ⅺ 段落大意与中心思想解析：
1. 第一段核心句为“In today's connected world, understanding different cultures is more important than ever.”，段落大意：Understanding different cultures is more important than ever today；
2. 第二段核心句为“Cultural understanding brings many benefits.”，段落大意：Cultural understanding brings many benefits；
3. 第三段核心句为“Moreover, learning about other cultures makes us wiser.”，段落大意：Learning about other cultures makes us wiser；
4. 第四段核心句为“In conclusion, it is useful to understand different cultures.”，段落大意：It is useful to understand different cultures；
中心思想整合各段核心：The passage talks about the importance of understanding different cultures。
【答案】
Ⅹ 1. palms pressing together 2. Avoid touching 3. the right hand
4. cheek kisses 5. football, music or beaches 6. a nod
7. interrupt others 8. Handshakes 9. show respect
10. great conversation topics
Ⅺ 1. Understanding different cultures is more important than ever today.
2. Cultural understanding brings many benefits.
3. Learning about other cultures makes us wiser.
4. It is useful to understand different cultures.
The passage talks about the importance of understanding different cultures.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）、跨文化交际常识
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读核心技能，既需快速定位短文细节完成表格填空，也需提炼议论文的段落与文章主旨，贴合初中英语常见考查形式，侧重基础阅读能力运用，有助于巩固跨文化相关英语知识。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题分为两部分，第一部分是根据短文内容完成不同国家习俗的表格填空，解题思路为：定位每个国家在短文中的对应描述，匹配表格空白处的关键词；第二部分是概括议论文的段落大意和中心思想，解题思路为：逐段阅读短文，抓住每段核心句提炼段落大意，整合各段核心得出文章中心思想。
【解析】
Ⅹ 表格填空解析：
1. 印度问候方式：原文“In India, people often greet others with palms pressing together and say 'Namaste'.”，故填palms pressing together；
2. 印度禁忌：原文“It's polite to avoid touching people's heads.”，故填Avoid touching；
3. 印度递接物品方式：原文“Always use the right hand for giving or receiving items...”，故填the right hand；
4. 巴西问候方式：原文“Friends often hug or give cheek kisses...”，故填cheek kisses；
5. 巴西话题：原文“Brazilians love talking about football, music or beaches.”，故填football, music or beaches；
6. 新加坡问候偏好：原文“...older Chinese-Singaporeans may prefer a nod.”，故填a nod；
7. 新加坡谈话禁忌：原文“Remember not to interrupt others when talking.”，故填interrupt others；
8. 南非常见问候：原文“Handshakes are common, but some cultures use special ways.”，故填Handshakes；
9. 南非眼神交流目的：原文“Keep eye contact when speaking to show respect.”，故填show respect；
10. 南非话题：原文“Rugby and wildlife make great conversation topics.”，故填great conversation topics。
Ⅺ 段落大意与中心思想解析：
1. 第一段核心句为“In today's connected world, understanding different cultures is more important than ever.”，段落大意：Understanding different cultures is more important than ever today；
2. 第二段核心句为“Cultural understanding brings many benefits.”，段落大意：Cultural understanding brings many benefits；
3. 第三段核心句为“Moreover, learning about other cultures makes us wiser.”，段落大意：Learning about other cultures makes us wiser；
4. 第四段核心句为“In conclusion, it is useful to understand different cultures.”，段落大意：It is useful to understand different cultures；
中心思想整合各段核心：The passage talks about the importance of understanding different cultures。
【答案】
Ⅹ 1. palms pressing together 2. Avoid touching 3. the right hand
4. cheek kisses 5. football, music or beaches 6. a nod
7. interrupt others 8. Handshakes 9. show respect
10. great conversation topics
Ⅺ 1. Understanding different cultures is more important than ever today.
2. Cultural understanding brings many benefits.
3. Learning about other cultures makes us wiser.
4. It is useful to understand different cultures.
The passage talks about the importance of understanding different cultures.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）、跨文化交际常识
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读核心技能，既需快速定位短文细节完成表格填空，也需提炼议论文的段落与文章主旨，贴合初中英语常见考查形式，侧重基础阅读能力运用，有助于巩固跨文化相关英语知识。
【难度系数】
0.6
