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二、真题分析
One day a man saw an old lady standing by her expensive but broken-down car, clearly in need of help. So he stopped his old truck and got out. Although he was smiling, the old lady was worried. Was he going to hurt her? He didn't look safe.
The man could see that she was frightened, so in his friendliest voice he said, "I'm here to help you, madam. Why don't you wait in the car where it's warm? By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson." Bryan quickly fixed the car and the lady thanked him. Then she asked how much she should pay him.
But Bryan wanted no money. He was just giving a hand to someone in trouble. This was normal for him. He said, "If you really want to repay me, next time you see someone in need, help them and think of me."
After saying goodbye, the lady continued down the road until she reached a small café where she decided to stop for something to eat. As the pretty waitress took her order, the lady noticed she was nearly eight months pregnant. Although the waitress looked tired, she was very kind. As the lady was going to pay the $10 bill, she remembered Bryan's words.She paid with a hundred-dollar bill. But when the waitress returned with the change, the lady was gone. On the table she saw a small note. There were tears in her eyes when she read it, "Somebody once helped me the way I'm helping you. If you want to pay me back, continue being kind to others." Under the note were nine more $100 bills.
Was the old lady an angel? The waitress was so excited that she called her husband to tell him the news. "Bryan...Bryan Anderson my dear...you're not going to believe what just happened..."
1. When the lady saw Bryan, she was worried because she thought .
A. he may hurt her B. he wasn't going to stop
C. he couldn't help her D. she didn't have enough money
2. What can we learn about the old lady from the story?
A. She was never kind to others. B. She was usually quite careless.
C. She was probably very rich. D. She was not a very good driver.
3. The underlined expression "giving a hand to" is closest in meaning to "".
A. questioning B. helping C. hurting D. calling
4. The underlined word "it" refers to "".
A. the change B. the bill C. the note D. the order
5. Which of the following shows the relationship between the man, the lady and the waitress?
(2011年广州市中考阅读理解)
▲题型概说与分析
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,记述了一名男子在路上帮助了一名陌生女子之后,女子主动提出给予金钱回报,但是男子并没有接受,只是希望该女子以后能帮助其他有需要的人。两人分开后,女子在一个餐馆里遇到了一位需要帮助的人,她毫不犹豫地向其提供帮助。
试题解读:题目考查细节理解题、推理判断题、猜测词义题、理解指代题。
1. 答案:A
解析:细节理解题。从第一段中"Was he going to hurt her? He didn't look safe."可以看出女子担忧的原因为A项。
2. 答案:C
解析:推理判断题。从文章第一段的expensive及倒数第二段最后一句中所说的她给素不相识的waitress留下了900多美元的行为可以看出C选项与文章意思相符。
3. 答案:B
解析:猜测词义题。根据第三段中出现的"He was just giving a hand to someone in trouble."和"...next time you see someone in need, help them and think of me."判断出give a hand to意为help。
4. 答案:C
解析:理解指代题。考查学生通过上下文对代词it所指代内容的理解。根据画线词的前一句"On the table she saw a small note."可以看出,it指代的是note。
5. 答案:D
解析:推理判断题。本题要求对文中的三个主要人物的关系进行推理。根据文章的第一段内容,可得出lady和man之间是陌生人关系;根据第四段内容,可得出waitress和lady也是初次见面的陌生人;再根据最后一段文字中的"...she called her husband...""...Bryan Anderson my dear..."可得出man和waitress为夫妻关系。
▲解题策略指导
猜测词义题要求学生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或者短语的准确含义。其命题形式为非课标词的含义推断、熟词生义或是词语在特定场合的意思。
猜测词义时,我们可以从四个方面来考虑:
1. 根据上下文进行逻辑上的推理; 2. 运用构词法知识进行推测;
3. 运用语法知识进行语法分析; 4. 依靠常识和经验进行判断。
One day a man saw an old lady standing by her expensive but broken-down car, clearly in need of help. So he stopped his old truck and got out. Although he was smiling, the old lady was worried. Was he going to hurt her? He didn't look safe.
The man could see that she was frightened, so in his friendliest voice he said, "I'm here to help you, madam. Why don't you wait in the car where it's warm? By the way, my name is Bryan Anderson." Bryan quickly fixed the car and the lady thanked him. Then she asked how much she should pay him.
But Bryan wanted no money. He was just giving a hand to someone in trouble. This was normal for him. He said, "If you really want to repay me, next time you see someone in need, help them and think of me."
After saying goodbye, the lady continued down the road until she reached a small café where she decided to stop for something to eat. As the pretty waitress took her order, the lady noticed she was nearly eight months pregnant. Although the waitress looked tired, she was very kind. As the lady was going to pay the $10 bill, she remembered Bryan's words.She paid with a hundred-dollar bill. But when the waitress returned with the change, the lady was gone. On the table she saw a small note. There were tears in her eyes when she read it, "Somebody once helped me the way I'm helping you. If you want to pay me back, continue being kind to others." Under the note were nine more $100 bills.
Was the old lady an angel? The waitress was so excited that she called her husband to tell him the news. "Bryan...Bryan Anderson my dear...you're not going to believe what just happened..."
1. When the lady saw Bryan, she was worried because she thought .
A. he may hurt her B. he wasn't going to stop
C. he couldn't help her D. she didn't have enough money
2. What can we learn about the old lady from the story?
A. She was never kind to others. B. She was usually quite careless.
C. She was probably very rich. D. She was not a very good driver.
3. The underlined expression "giving a hand to" is closest in meaning to "".
A. questioning B. helping C. hurting D. calling
4. The underlined word "it" refers to "".
A. the change B. the bill C. the note D. the order
5. Which of the following shows the relationship between the man, the lady and the waitress?
(2011年广州市中考阅读理解)
▲题型概说与分析
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,记述了一名男子在路上帮助了一名陌生女子之后,女子主动提出给予金钱回报,但是男子并没有接受,只是希望该女子以后能帮助其他有需要的人。两人分开后,女子在一个餐馆里遇到了一位需要帮助的人,她毫不犹豫地向其提供帮助。
试题解读:题目考查细节理解题、推理判断题、猜测词义题、理解指代题。
1. 答案:A
解析:细节理解题。从第一段中"Was he going to hurt her? He didn't look safe."可以看出女子担忧的原因为A项。
2. 答案:C
解析:推理判断题。从文章第一段的expensive及倒数第二段最后一句中所说的她给素不相识的waitress留下了900多美元的行为可以看出C选项与文章意思相符。
3. 答案:B
解析:猜测词义题。根据第三段中出现的"He was just giving a hand to someone in trouble."和"...next time you see someone in need, help them and think of me."判断出give a hand to意为help。
4. 答案:C
解析:理解指代题。考查学生通过上下文对代词it所指代内容的理解。根据画线词的前一句"On the table she saw a small note."可以看出,it指代的是note。
5. 答案:D
解析:推理判断题。本题要求对文中的三个主要人物的关系进行推理。根据文章的第一段内容,可得出lady和man之间是陌生人关系;根据第四段内容,可得出waitress和lady也是初次见面的陌生人;再根据最后一段文字中的"...she called her husband...""...Bryan Anderson my dear..."可得出man和waitress为夫妻关系。
▲解题策略指导
猜测词义题要求学生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或者短语的准确含义。其命题形式为非课标词的含义推断、熟词生义或是词语在特定场合的意思。
猜测词义时,我们可以从四个方面来考虑:
1. 根据上下文进行逻辑上的推理; 2. 运用构词法知识进行推测;
3. 运用语法知识进行语法分析; 4. 依靠常识和经验进行判断。
答案
1. A
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. D
2. C
3. B
4. C
5. D
解析
【分析】
这是一篇讲述善意传递的记叙文，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对各小题的题型（细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、指代理解、人物关系判断），定位原文对应信息，逐一分析选项得出答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“Was he going to hurt her? He didn't look safe.”可知，女士担心男子会伤害她，对应选项A。
2. 推理判断题：第一段提到女士的车是“expensive but broken-down”，且她给素不相识的女服务员留下900多美元，可推断她可能很富有，对应选项C。
3. 词义猜测题：结合上下文“help them”及“giving a hand to someone in trouble”的语境，give a hand to意为“帮助”，对应选项B。
4. 指代理解题：根据前一句“On the table she saw a small note.”可知，it指代的是note，对应选项C。
5. 人物关系题：第一段显示man与lady是strangers；第四段显示lady与waitress是strangers；最后一段waitress称man为“my dear”，说明二者是couple，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D
【知识点】
细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文是传递正能量的记叙文，考查中考英语阅读核心题型，要求学生具备原文定位、逻辑推理能力，整体难度适中，符合中考命题要求，引导学生理解善意传递的主题。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇讲述善意传递的记叙文，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对各小题的题型（细节理解、推理判断、词义猜测、指代理解、人物关系判断），定位原文对应信息，逐一分析选项得出答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“Was he going to hurt her? He didn't look safe.”可知，女士担心男子会伤害她，对应选项A。
2. 推理判断题：第一段提到女士的车是“expensive but broken-down”，且她给素不相识的女服务员留下900多美元，可推断她可能很富有，对应选项C。
3. 词义猜测题：结合上下文“help them”及“giving a hand to someone in trouble”的语境，give a hand to意为“帮助”，对应选项B。
4. 指代理解题：根据前一句“On the table she saw a small note.”可知，it指代的是note，对应选项C。
5. 人物关系题：第一段显示man与lady是strangers；第四段显示lady与waitress是strangers；最后一段waitress称man为“my dear”，说明二者是couple，对应选项D。
【答案】
1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D
【知识点】
细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文是传递正能量的记叙文，考查中考英语阅读核心题型，要求学生具备原文定位、逻辑推理能力，整体难度适中，符合中考命题要求，引导学生理解善意传递的主题。
【难度系数】
0.7
