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三、选词填空
从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，每个单词或短语限用一次。
These years，shared vegetable plots(共享菜地) are popular in our country. Many people turn to farming to relax from busy city life.
Yang Rui is one of them. Every weekend，he drives his family to “All-Happy City”，a shared farm in the countryside. He rents(租) a 20-square-metre plot there for 1，600 yuan a year. 1，they didn't know how to grow plants. They looked for information on the internet and asked farm 2 for help. Little by little，their farming skills are much better. They usually grow tomatoes，carrots and some vegetables 3. But when they're busy during weekdays，farm workers look after their plants.
Chen Yougui 4 All-Happy City in October 2022. It 5 13.33 hectares(公顷) now. There are vegetable plots，places for barbecues and 6 areas. The cost of renting a vegetable plot depends on its size and the service(服务) people get. Through a monitoring system(监测系统)，people can check how their plants grow on the phones. Right now，the farm has more than 200 members. Many parents rent plots to teach their children about science，7 and farming.
Shared vegetable plots are 8 places，where people can take a break from everyday lives and enjoy the 9 of growing their own food. Such farming 10 are well worth the time and money.
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5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，每个单词或短语限用一次。
These years，shared vegetable plots(共享菜地) are popular in our country. Many people turn to farming to relax from busy city life.
Yang Rui is one of them. Every weekend，he drives his family to “All-Happy City”，a shared farm in the countryside. He rents(租) a 20-square-metre plot there for 1，600 yuan a year. 1，they didn't know how to grow plants. They looked for information on the internet and asked farm 2 for help. Little by little，their farming skills are much better. They usually grow tomatoes，carrots and some vegetables 3. But when they're busy during weekdays，farm workers look after their plants.
Chen Yougui 4 All-Happy City in October 2022. It 5 13.33 hectares(公顷) now. There are vegetable plots，places for barbecues and 6 areas. The cost of renting a vegetable plot depends on its size and the service(服务) people get. Through a monitoring system(监测系统)，people can check how their plants grow on the phones. Right now，the farm has more than 200 members. Many parents rent plots to teach their children about science，7 and farming.
Shared vegetable plots are 8 places，where people can take a break from everyday lives and enjoy the 9 of growing their own food. Such farming 10 are well worth the time and money.
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2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
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9.
10.
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了共享菜地在中国的流行情况及其运作方式。
1. At first 2. workers 3. on their own 4. started
5. covers 6. relaxing 7. nature 8. useful 9. happiness
10. experiences
1. At first 2. workers 3. on their own 4. started
5. covers 6. relaxing 7. nature 8. useful 9. happiness
10. experiences
解析
【分析】
这是一篇短文选词填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章围绕“共享菜地”展开介绍的核心主题，先预判每个空缺处的语义方向；再结合空缺处前后的语境逻辑、语法属性（词性、时态、单复数等）匹配对应词汇，同时注意词形变形要求：比如第一空后文提到后续他们慢慢掌握了种植技能，对应最开始不懂种植的逻辑；第二空结合后文出现的“farm workers”提示，能判断求助的对象是农场工人，其余空都可以通过前后文的并列结构、时间提示、搭配提示逐一推导，最后通读全文验证所有答案语义通顺，满足每个词限用一次的规则即可。
【解析】
1. 空后描述他们一开始不会种植物，之后慢慢种植技能变好，对应“起初、一开始”的含义，句首首字母大写，填At first。
2. 固定搭配ask sb for help表示向某人求助，结合后文提到的农场工作人员的提示，此处泛指农场工人，可数名词worker用复数形式，填workers。
3. 后文提到工作日忙碌时农场工人会帮忙照料作物，对应平日他们自己种植蔬菜，on one's own表示独自、独立，主语是they，对应物主代词用their，填on their own。
4. 时间状语in October 2022是过去的时间，谓语动词用过去式，此处表示农场创始人陈有贵在2022年10月创办了“全乐城”农场，start表示创办，过去式为started。
5. 此处表达农场占地面积13.33公顷，cover有“占地、覆盖”的含义，主语it指代农场是第三人称单数，结合时间now用一般现在时，谓语动词填covers。
6. 此处和菜地、烧烤区并列，修饰名词areas需要形容词作定语，表达休闲放松的区域，修饰事物用relax的形容词形式relaxing。
7. 此处和science、farming并列，是家长租地教孩子的科普类内容，填名词nature。
8. 此处修饰名词places，后文提到人们可以在这里脱离日常压力休息放松，说明共享菜地是实用性很强的好去处，填形容词useful。
9. 空前有定冠词the，空后有介词of，此处需要名词，表达享受自己种植食物的快乐，填抽象名词happiness。
10. 此处表达这类农耕相关的体验值得投入时间和金钱，experience表示“体验、经历”时是可数名词，此处指代多种相关体验，用复数形式experiences。
【答案】
1. At first 2. workers 3. on their own 4. started 5. covers 6. relaxing 7. nature 8. useful 9. happiness 10. experiences
【知识点】
短文选词填空，词形变换，语境逻辑推理
【点评】
本题结合当下共享菜地的热点话题命题，既考查学生对上下文语境关联信息的提取能力，也覆盖了名词单复数、动词时态、形容词作定语等基础语法考点，引导学生在解题同时了解新型休闲农业的运作模式，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇短文选词填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章围绕“共享菜地”展开介绍的核心主题，先预判每个空缺处的语义方向；再结合空缺处前后的语境逻辑、语法属性（词性、时态、单复数等）匹配对应词汇，同时注意词形变形要求：比如第一空后文提到后续他们慢慢掌握了种植技能，对应最开始不懂种植的逻辑；第二空结合后文出现的“farm workers”提示，能判断求助的对象是农场工人，其余空都可以通过前后文的并列结构、时间提示、搭配提示逐一推导，最后通读全文验证所有答案语义通顺，满足每个词限用一次的规则即可。
【解析】
1. 空后描述他们一开始不会种植物，之后慢慢种植技能变好，对应“起初、一开始”的含义，句首首字母大写，填At first。
2. 固定搭配ask sb for help表示向某人求助，结合后文提到的农场工作人员的提示，此处泛指农场工人，可数名词worker用复数形式，填workers。
3. 后文提到工作日忙碌时农场工人会帮忙照料作物，对应平日他们自己种植蔬菜，on one's own表示独自、独立，主语是they，对应物主代词用their，填on their own。
4. 时间状语in October 2022是过去的时间，谓语动词用过去式，此处表示农场创始人陈有贵在2022年10月创办了“全乐城”农场，start表示创办，过去式为started。
5. 此处表达农场占地面积13.33公顷，cover有“占地、覆盖”的含义，主语it指代农场是第三人称单数，结合时间now用一般现在时，谓语动词填covers。
6. 此处和菜地、烧烤区并列，修饰名词areas需要形容词作定语，表达休闲放松的区域，修饰事物用relax的形容词形式relaxing。
7. 此处和science、farming并列，是家长租地教孩子的科普类内容，填名词nature。
8. 此处修饰名词places，后文提到人们可以在这里脱离日常压力休息放松，说明共享菜地是实用性很强的好去处，填形容词useful。
9. 空前有定冠词the，空后有介词of，此处需要名词，表达享受自己种植食物的快乐，填抽象名词happiness。
10. 此处表达这类农耕相关的体验值得投入时间和金钱，experience表示“体验、经历”时是可数名词，此处指代多种相关体验，用复数形式experiences。
【答案】
1. At first 2. workers 3. on their own 4. started 5. covers 6. relaxing 7. nature 8. useful 9. happiness 10. experiences
【知识点】
短文选词填空，词形变换，语境逻辑推理
【点评】
本题结合当下共享菜地的热点话题命题，既考查学生对上下文语境关联信息的提取能力，也覆盖了名词单复数、动词时态、形容词作定语等基础语法考点，引导学生在解题同时了解新型休闲农业的运作模式，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
四、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
Each summer，you hear news that some sports players have to see a doctor because it is too hot. Our bodies can't be outside in the sun for a long time. So in hot summers，be careful about playing sports outside.
Firstly，to keep yourself safe when you play sports in hot weather，you must drink water. Sports drinks are great for players，but they have so much sugar that they'll dehydrate(使脱水)you more. However，drinking a few bottles of sports drinks will be good for you.
Secondly，be sure to take enough breaks to let your body rest. If your coach doesn't let you do so in the heat，don't wait until you feel uncomfortable. Just let your coach know when you need breaks.
Thirdly，when you have a break，don't sit in the sun. With the sun beating down(照射) on you，you'll only heat up and sweat(冒汗) more. Take a seat under a tree，or even better，go indoors for a little while. Cooling yourself down can help you stay active longer.
Fourthly，remember that the earlier in the day you start your exercise，the cooler it will be. If you can start practice before the sun comes up，you can practice in the cool hours of the morning. The earlier you practice，the earlier you can finish the exercise. If you need more practice time，you can also come back to the field when the sun is setting.
Last but not least，you should watch your food. It must have high water，starch(淀粉) and carbohydrate(碳水化合物)，but be sure to get a good balance in your diet.
In a word，if you pay attention to the above，staying safe when playing sports in the heat isn't a difficult thing.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
Each summer，you hear news that some sports players have to see a doctor because it is too hot. Our bodies can't be outside in the sun for a long time. So in hot summers，be careful about playing sports outside.
Firstly，to keep yourself safe when you play sports in hot weather，you must drink water. Sports drinks are great for players，but they have so much sugar that they'll dehydrate(使脱水)you more. However，drinking a few bottles of sports drinks will be good for you.
Secondly，be sure to take enough breaks to let your body rest. If your coach doesn't let you do so in the heat，don't wait until you feel uncomfortable. Just let your coach know when you need breaks.
Thirdly，when you have a break，don't sit in the sun. With the sun beating down(照射) on you，you'll only heat up and sweat(冒汗) more. Take a seat under a tree，or even better，go indoors for a little while. Cooling yourself down can help you stay active longer.
Fourthly，remember that the earlier in the day you start your exercise，the cooler it will be. If you can start practice before the sun comes up，you can practice in the cool hours of the morning. The earlier you practice，the earlier you can finish the exercise. If you need more practice time，you can also come back to the field when the sun is setting.
Last but not least，you should watch your food. It must have high water，starch(淀粉) and carbohydrate(碳水化合物)，but be sure to get a good balance in your diet.
In a word，if you pay attention to the above，staying safe when playing sports in the heat isn't a difficult thing.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要就夏季运动时如何保持安全介绍了几点建议，如多喝水、经常休息等。
1. outside 2. high 3. tips/advice/ways 4. safely 5. Tell
6. better 7. time 8. sunset 9. balanced 10. easy
1. outside 2. high 3. tips/advice/ways 4. safely 5. Tell
6. better 7. time 8. sunset 9. balanced 10. easy
解析
【分析】
做这道任务型阅读时，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍夏季高温环境下进行户外运动的安全注意事项。接下来我们可以按照“先把握表格整体框架，再逐空回原文定位对应细节”的思路解题：第一步先确认表格的总起部分是对文章主题的概括，分点部分对应原文给出的5条建议，结尾部分对应文章总结段；第二步针对每个空格，先分析空格在句中的句法成分、判断所需单词的词性，再回到原文找到对应的原句，提取或者转换出符合要求的单词，同时严格遵守“每个空格仅填一个单词”的规则。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“So in hot summers，be careful about playing sports outside.”，可知夏季炎热时要小心户外运动，对应空格填outside。
2. 定位原文第二段“Sports drinks are great for players，but they have so much sugar that they'll dehydrate you more.”，可知运动饮料含有大量糖分，即高糖，对应空格填high。
3. 下文分5点介绍了高温天气运动的相关注意事项，也就是对应的建议/方法，tips/advice/ways均符合语义要求，填tips/advice/ways。
4. 定位原文第二段“to keep yourself safe when you play sports in hot weather”，空格处修饰动词play，需要使用副词形式，将形容词safe转换为副词safely，填safely。
5. 定位原文第三段“Just let your coach know when you need breaks.”，即需要休息时要告知教练，句首首字母大写，对应填Tell。
6. 定位原文第四段“Take a seat under a tree，or even better，go indoors for a little while.”，可知去室内休息的效果更好，对应填better。
7. 定位原文第五段“remember that the earlier in the day you start your exercise，the cooler it will be”，该条建议核心是选择合适的更早的时间开始锻炼，对应填time。
8. 定位原文第五段“you can also come back to the field when the sun is setting”，太阳落山即sunset，对应填sunset。
9. 定位原文倒数第二段“but be sure to get a good balance in your diet”，空格处修饰名词diet，需要使用形容词形式，将名词balance转换为形容词balanced，表示均衡的饮食，填balanced。
10. 定位原文最后一段“staying safe when playing sports in the heat isn't a difficult thing”，即高温下安全运动并不难，也就是很容易，对应填easy。
【答案】
1. outside 2. high 3. tips/advice/ways 4. safely 5. Tell
6. better 7. time 8. sunset 9. balanced 10. easy
【知识点】
任务型阅读 细节信息定位 词性转换
【点评】
本题属于说明文类任务型阅读，整体线索清晰，大部分空格都能直接在原文找到对应语义线索，仅少数空格需要根据句法要求进行词性转换，既考察学生快速抓取文章关键信息的能力，也要求学生掌握基础的词性变化规则，符合初中英语任务型阅读的常规考察难度。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这道任务型阅读时，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心主题是介绍夏季高温环境下进行户外运动的安全注意事项。接下来我们可以按照“先把握表格整体框架，再逐空回原文定位对应细节”的思路解题：第一步先确认表格的总起部分是对文章主题的概括，分点部分对应原文给出的5条建议，结尾部分对应文章总结段；第二步针对每个空格，先分析空格在句中的句法成分、判断所需单词的词性，再回到原文找到对应的原句，提取或者转换出符合要求的单词，同时严格遵守“每个空格仅填一个单词”的规则。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“So in hot summers，be careful about playing sports outside.”，可知夏季炎热时要小心户外运动，对应空格填outside。
2. 定位原文第二段“Sports drinks are great for players，but they have so much sugar that they'll dehydrate you more.”，可知运动饮料含有大量糖分，即高糖，对应空格填high。
3. 下文分5点介绍了高温天气运动的相关注意事项，也就是对应的建议/方法，tips/advice/ways均符合语义要求，填tips/advice/ways。
4. 定位原文第二段“to keep yourself safe when you play sports in hot weather”，空格处修饰动词play，需要使用副词形式，将形容词safe转换为副词safely，填safely。
5. 定位原文第三段“Just let your coach know when you need breaks.”，即需要休息时要告知教练，句首首字母大写，对应填Tell。
6. 定位原文第四段“Take a seat under a tree，or even better，go indoors for a little while.”，可知去室内休息的效果更好，对应填better。
7. 定位原文第五段“remember that the earlier in the day you start your exercise，the cooler it will be”，该条建议核心是选择合适的更早的时间开始锻炼，对应填time。
8. 定位原文第五段“you can also come back to the field when the sun is setting”，太阳落山即sunset，对应填sunset。
9. 定位原文倒数第二段“but be sure to get a good balance in your diet”，空格处修饰名词diet，需要使用形容词形式，将名词balance转换为形容词balanced，表示均衡的饮食，填balanced。
10. 定位原文最后一段“staying safe when playing sports in the heat isn't a difficult thing”，即高温下安全运动并不难，也就是很容易，对应填easy。
【答案】
1. outside 2. high 3. tips/advice/ways 4. safely 5. Tell
6. better 7. time 8. sunset 9. balanced 10. easy
【知识点】
任务型阅读 细节信息定位 词性转换
【点评】
本题属于说明文类任务型阅读，整体线索清晰，大部分空格都能直接在原文找到对应语义线索，仅少数空格需要根据句法要求进行词性转换，既考察学生快速抓取文章关键信息的能力，也要求学生掌握基础的词性变化规则，符合初中英语任务型阅读的常规考察难度。
【难度系数】
0.7
