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主题:传统文化 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:9分钟 正确率: /5
Near the hometown of Pandas—Chengdu in Sichuan, China, sits the Leshan Giant Buddha(乐山大佛), which is one of the most popular destinations for tourists. Here are some facts about the giant Buddha.
The construction of the giant Buddha started in 713. At that time, floods often happened in Leshan area where Min River, Qingyi River and Dadu River join. Chinese monk(僧侣) Haitong decided to lead people to construct(建造) a Buddha statue to calm the turbulent waters that did harm to the boats travelling down the rivers. It was a super project in that ancient time, which required a huge amount of money.
Haitong went to many places to raise money, and after years, he finally raised enough money to start the construction. When he got back to Leshan, the greedy officials wanted to force Haitong to hand in the money. Haitong refused even though the officials sent soldiers many times. He gouged(挖) his own eyes out to show his sincerity, scaring the soldiers away.
In the year 713, Haitong started the construction of the Buddha, but he passed away when the giant Buddha was built to the shoulders. Because of the death of Haitong, the construction of the giant Buddha was forced to stop. Later, after multiple twists and turns, it was finally completed in 803. It took 90 years to complete this world's largest stone Buddha under the hard work of three generations(代) of craftsmen. Till now, this engineering masterpiece has sat on the river bank of Leshan for more than one thousand years.
The stone Buddha is the tallest Buddha sculpture in the world, with a height of 71 metres. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, together with Mount Emei, in 1996.
(
A. Because he wanted to attract more visitors.
B. Because he raised a lot of money.
C. Because officials ordered him to build the Buddha.
D. To protect the people from the floods.
(
A. The difficulties Haitong faced.
B. The reason for building the giant Buddha.
C. The harm to the boats on the rivers.
D. The time to start to build the giant Buddha.
(
A. Died.
B. Felt too tired.
C. Used the money up.
D. Travelled all over the country.
(
(
A. It was built by Chinese monk Haitong himself.
B. Haitong used his own money to build it.
C. It has a long-standing history.
D. It is the tallest wooden Buddha in the world.
主题:传统文化 体裁:说明文 难度:★★★★ 建议用时:9分钟 正确率: /5
Near the hometown of Pandas—Chengdu in Sichuan, China, sits the Leshan Giant Buddha(乐山大佛), which is one of the most popular destinations for tourists. Here are some facts about the giant Buddha.
The construction of the giant Buddha started in 713. At that time, floods often happened in Leshan area where Min River, Qingyi River and Dadu River join. Chinese monk(僧侣) Haitong decided to lead people to construct(建造) a Buddha statue to calm the turbulent waters that did harm to the boats travelling down the rivers. It was a super project in that ancient time, which required a huge amount of money.
Haitong went to many places to raise money, and after years, he finally raised enough money to start the construction. When he got back to Leshan, the greedy officials wanted to force Haitong to hand in the money. Haitong refused even though the officials sent soldiers many times. He gouged(挖) his own eyes out to show his sincerity, scaring the soldiers away.
In the year 713, Haitong started the construction of the Buddha, but he passed away when the giant Buddha was built to the shoulders. Because of the death of Haitong, the construction of the giant Buddha was forced to stop. Later, after multiple twists and turns, it was finally completed in 803. It took 90 years to complete this world's largest stone Buddha under the hard work of three generations(代) of craftsmen. Till now, this engineering masterpiece has sat on the river bank of Leshan for more than one thousand years.
The stone Buddha is the tallest Buddha sculpture in the world, with a height of 71 metres. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, together with Mount Emei, in 1996.
(
D
)1. Why did Haitong decide to build the Buddha statue at first?A. Because he wanted to attract more visitors.
B. Because he raised a lot of money.
C. Because officials ordered him to build the Buddha.
D. To protect the people from the floods.
(
A
)2. What does the third paragraph mainly tell us?A. The difficulties Haitong faced.
B. The reason for building the giant Buddha.
C. The harm to the boats on the rivers.
D. The time to start to build the giant Buddha.
(
A
)3. What does the underlined part "passed away" mean in Paragraph 4?A. Died.
B. Felt too tired.
C. Used the money up.
D. Travelled all over the country.
(
D
)4. 新考法 篇章结构 What's the structure of the passage?(
C
)5. What do we know about the Leshan Giant Buddha?A. It was built by Chinese monk Haitong himself.
B. Haitong used his own money to build it.
C. It has a long-standing history.
D. It is the tallest wooden Buddha in the world.
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四川乐山大佛的相关历史。乐山大佛是世界上最高的石刻佛像。1996年,它与峨眉山一起被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Chinese monk Haitong decided to lead people ... travelling down the rivers.”可知,僧人海通决定带领人们建造一尊佛像,以平息损害过往船只的湍急河水。故选D。
2. A 段落大意题。综合全段可知,本段主要介绍了海通为建造大佛筹钱,吓退官员士兵等内容,是他所遇到的困难。故选A。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Because of the death of Haitong，the construction of the giant Buddha was forced to stop.”可知,因为海通的去世,大佛的建造被迫停止;据此可以推断画线部分“passed away”意为“去世”，与died意义相同。故选A。
4. D 篇章结构题。第一段总体介绍乐山大佛情况;第二段至第四段介绍建造大佛的原因及过程;最后一段介绍大佛被列为世界文化遗产;因此本文属于“总—分—总”结构。故选D。
5. C 细节理解题。根据第四段“Till now，this engineering masterpiece has sat on the river bank of Leshan for more than one thousand years.”可知,乐山大佛有很长的历史。故选C。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Chinese monk Haitong decided to lead people ... travelling down the rivers.”可知,僧人海通决定带领人们建造一尊佛像,以平息损害过往船只的湍急河水。故选D。
2. A 段落大意题。综合全段可知,本段主要介绍了海通为建造大佛筹钱,吓退官员士兵等内容,是他所遇到的困难。故选A。
3. A 词义猜测题。根据第四段“Because of the death of Haitong，the construction of the giant Buddha was forced to stop.”可知,因为海通的去世,大佛的建造被迫停止;据此可以推断画线部分“passed away”意为“去世”，与died意义相同。故选A。
4. D 篇章结构题。第一段总体介绍乐山大佛情况;第二段至第四段介绍建造大佛的原因及过程;最后一段介绍大佛被列为世界文化遗产;因此本文属于“总—分—总”结构。故选D。
5. C 细节理解题。根据第四段“Till now，this engineering masterpiece has sat on the river bank of Leshan for more than one thousand years.”可知,乐山大佛有很长的历史。故选C。
解析
【分析】
拿到这篇说明文阅读，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍乐山大佛的相关史实，先梳理行文逻辑：首段总起引出说明对象，中间段落讲建造的背景与过程，末尾补充大佛的地位。之后逐题对应回原文定位信息：第1题找海通建佛的初衷，直接定位第二段相关描述排除错误选项；第2题概括第三段主旨，梳理第三段所有事件，提炼出核心是海通遇到的困难；第3题猜测划线短语含义，直接找后文的同义提示“death”就能推导含义；第4题判断篇章结构，梳理各部分的总分关系，匹配对应的结构示意图；第5题逐一核对选项和原文细节，排除表述错误的选项得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Chinese monk Haitong decided to lead people to construct a Buddha statue to calm the turbulent waters that did harm to the boats travelling down the rivers.”可知，海通最初决定建佛是为了平息危害过往船只的湍急洪水，保护民众免受洪水侵害。选项A吸引游客原文未提及，选项B筹钱是建佛的前提而非初衷，选项C官员并未下令建佛，均错误，因此选D。
2. 段落大意题：第三段讲述了海通远赴多地筹钱，返程后遭遇贪心官员索要善款，他不惜挖眼明志吓退士兵的内容，全部都是海通推进大佛建造过程中遇到的重重困难。选项B是第二段的内容，选项C是第二段的细节，选项D是第四段的内容，均不符合本段主旨，因此选A。
3. 词义猜测题：划线短语所在句的后文明确提到“Because of the death of Haitong, the construction of the giant Buddha was forced to stop.”，说明海通死亡后工程被迫停工，由此可推知“passed away”的含义和death对应，意为“去世”，和died含义一致，因此选A。
4. 篇章结构题：梳理全文逻辑：第1段总起，引出说明对象乐山大佛，点明下文将介绍它的相关事实；第2-4段分别介绍建佛的背景原因、建造过程中的波折、最终完工的情况，属于分述部分；最后一段补充介绍乐山大佛的高度、世界遗产地位，属于收尾总述，整体是“总-分-总”结构，对应选项D的结构示意图，因此选D。
5. 细节理解题：逐一核对选项：A选项，原文提到大佛是三代工匠耗时90年完成，并非海通独自建造，表述错误；B选项，海通是四处募捐筹集善款，并非使用自己的钱建造，表述错误；C选项，原文提到大佛已经在河岸矗立一千多年，说明它历史悠久，表述正确；D选项，原文明确说明它是世界最高的石刻佛像，并非木质佛像，表述错误。因此选C。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C
【知识点】
细节理解，词义猜测，篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题选取中国传统文化乐山大佛作为阅读主题，贴合新课标文化意识培养的要求，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读的常规核心考点，新增的篇章结构类新考法引导学生跳出只找细节的惯性，主动梳理全文行文逻辑，学生解题时要注意精准定位原文信息，结合上下文提示推导答案，不要凭主观印象判断。
【难度系数】
0.6
拿到这篇说明文阅读，首先先通读全文，明确文章核心是介绍乐山大佛的相关史实，先梳理行文逻辑：首段总起引出说明对象，中间段落讲建造的背景与过程，末尾补充大佛的地位。之后逐题对应回原文定位信息：第1题找海通建佛的初衷，直接定位第二段相关描述排除错误选项；第2题概括第三段主旨，梳理第三段所有事件，提炼出核心是海通遇到的困难；第3题猜测划线短语含义，直接找后文的同义提示“death”就能推导含义；第4题判断篇章结构，梳理各部分的总分关系，匹配对应的结构示意图；第5题逐一核对选项和原文细节，排除表述错误的选项得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“Chinese monk Haitong decided to lead people to construct a Buddha statue to calm the turbulent waters that did harm to the boats travelling down the rivers.”可知，海通最初决定建佛是为了平息危害过往船只的湍急洪水，保护民众免受洪水侵害。选项A吸引游客原文未提及，选项B筹钱是建佛的前提而非初衷，选项C官员并未下令建佛，均错误，因此选D。
2. 段落大意题：第三段讲述了海通远赴多地筹钱，返程后遭遇贪心官员索要善款，他不惜挖眼明志吓退士兵的内容，全部都是海通推进大佛建造过程中遇到的重重困难。选项B是第二段的内容，选项C是第二段的细节，选项D是第四段的内容，均不符合本段主旨，因此选A。
3. 词义猜测题：划线短语所在句的后文明确提到“Because of the death of Haitong, the construction of the giant Buddha was forced to stop.”，说明海通死亡后工程被迫停工，由此可推知“passed away”的含义和death对应，意为“去世”，和died含义一致，因此选A。
4. 篇章结构题：梳理全文逻辑：第1段总起，引出说明对象乐山大佛，点明下文将介绍它的相关事实；第2-4段分别介绍建佛的背景原因、建造过程中的波折、最终完工的情况，属于分述部分；最后一段补充介绍乐山大佛的高度、世界遗产地位，属于收尾总述，整体是“总-分-总”结构，对应选项D的结构示意图，因此选D。
5. 细节理解题：逐一核对选项：A选项，原文提到大佛是三代工匠耗时90年完成，并非海通独自建造，表述错误；B选项，海通是四处募捐筹集善款，并非使用自己的钱建造，表述错误；C选项，原文提到大佛已经在河岸矗立一千多年，说明它历史悠久，表述正确；D选项，原文明确说明它是世界最高的石刻佛像，并非木质佛像，表述错误。因此选C。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. A 4. D 5. C
【知识点】
细节理解，词义猜测，篇章结构梳理
【点评】
本题选取中国传统文化乐山大佛作为阅读主题，贴合新课标文化意识培养的要求，题型覆盖了初中英语阅读的常规核心考点，新增的篇章结构类新考法引导学生跳出只找细节的惯性，主动梳理全文行文逻辑，学生解题时要注意精准定位原文信息，结合上下文提示推导答案，不要凭主观印象判断。
【难度系数】
0.6
