登录
五、完形填空。
What does the word ecology(生态) mean? It was by Ernst Haeckel, a German biologist. It means “the study of the house”. The “house” is our , earth. Earth is home for all living things—humans, animals, plants, and even tiny microbes(微生物). An ecologist is a scientist who studies the between organisms(生物) and their environment. The environment is an organism’s surroundings. It may water, gases, rocks, and temperature.
An ecologist once asked a boy he thought about protecting the environment. The boy said, “You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree. You stop him and tell him how trees are. They are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals.” “Good answer,” said the ecologist, “ it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to. Also, remember that sometimes it’s to cut down a tree. If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest. We have to find the right .” The boy agreed, “We need the forest’s for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”
“Exactly—and school is a good place to learn about ecology,” added the ecologist. “Then you will know how to protect the natural environment.”
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
What does the word ecology(生态) mean? It was by Ernst Haeckel, a German biologist. It means “the study of the house”. The “house” is our , earth. Earth is home for all living things—humans, animals, plants, and even tiny microbes(微生物). An ecologist is a scientist who studies the between organisms(生物) and their environment. The environment is an organism’s surroundings. It may water, gases, rocks, and temperature.
An ecologist once asked a boy he thought about protecting the environment. The boy said, “You go into the forest and look for somebody who wants to cut down a tree. You stop him and tell him how trees are. They are good for natural beauty, saving soil, and giving shelter to birds and other animals.” “Good answer,” said the ecologist, “ it may not be easy to find a woodcutter to talk to. Also, remember that sometimes it’s to cut down a tree. If we cut down too many trees, the forest will disappear. If we don’t cut down any trees, we won’t get any resources from the forest. We have to find the right .” The boy agreed, “We need the forest’s for wood and paper or we might not have desks or notebooks for school.”
“Exactly—and school is a good place to learn about ecology,” added the ecologist. “Then you will know how to protect the natural environment.”
(
B
)1. A. proved B. invented C. marked D. accepted(
A
)2. A. planet B. building C. project D. surface(
B
)3. A. feeling B. relationships C. distance D. competitions(
C
)4. A. pollute B. control C. include D. reduce(
D
)5. A. who B. whose C. why D. what(
D
)6. A. wild B. common C. wealthy D. important(
A
)7. A. but B. and C. so D. or(
D
)8. A. comfortable B. tiring C. impossible D. necessary(
C
)9. A. mystery B. temperature C. balance D. symbol(
B
)10. A. soil B. resources C. landscape D. wildlife答案
1~5. BABCD 6~10. DADCB
解析
【分析】
做完形填空需先通读全文把握主题，再结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析及逻辑关系逐一分析每个小题，排除不符合语境的选项，选出最佳答案。本文围绕“生态”主题，讲述生态学家对男孩关于环保的提问引导，需紧扣主题和语境解题。
【解析】
1. 考查动词辨析。句意：这个词由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔创造。invented（创造）符合语境，proved（证明）、marked（标记）、accepted（接受）均不符，选B。
2. 考查名词辨析。句意：“房子”指我们的星球——地球。planet（星球）对应后文的earth，选A。
3. 考查名词辨析。句意：生态学家研究生物与环境的关系。relationships（关系）符合研究内容，选B。
4. 考查动词辨析。句意：环境包括水、气体等。include（包括）符合，选C。
5. 考查疑问词辨析。句意：问男孩对环保的看法，what引导宾语从句作thought about的宾语，选D。
6. 考查形容词辨析。句意：告诉男孩树的重要性。important（重要的）符合，选D。
7. 考查连词辨析。前后句转折，but（但是）符合逻辑，选A。
8. 考查形容词辨析。句意：有时砍树是必要的。necessary（必要的）符合语境，选D。
9. 考查名词辨析。句意：要找到平衡。balance（平衡）对应前文砍树与环保的权衡，选C。
10. 考查名词辨析。句意：需要森林的资源获取木材等。resources（资源）符合，选B。
【答案】
1~5. BABCD 6~10. DADCB
【知识点】
完形填空、词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本题围绕生态主题，通过语境考查词汇辨析，需结合上下文逻辑解题，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固完形填空解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
做完形填空需先通读全文把握主题，再结合上下文语境、词汇词义辨析及逻辑关系逐一分析每个小题，排除不符合语境的选项，选出最佳答案。本文围绕“生态”主题，讲述生态学家对男孩关于环保的提问引导，需紧扣主题和语境解题。
【解析】
1. 考查动词辨析。句意：这个词由德国生物学家恩斯特·海克尔创造。invented（创造）符合语境，proved（证明）、marked（标记）、accepted（接受）均不符，选B。
2. 考查名词辨析。句意：“房子”指我们的星球——地球。planet（星球）对应后文的earth，选A。
3. 考查名词辨析。句意：生态学家研究生物与环境的关系。relationships（关系）符合研究内容，选B。
4. 考查动词辨析。句意：环境包括水、气体等。include（包括）符合，选C。
5. 考查疑问词辨析。句意：问男孩对环保的看法，what引导宾语从句作thought about的宾语，选D。
6. 考查形容词辨析。句意：告诉男孩树的重要性。important（重要的）符合，选D。
7. 考查连词辨析。前后句转折，but（但是）符合逻辑，选A。
8. 考查形容词辨析。句意：有时砍树是必要的。necessary（必要的）符合语境，选D。
9. 考查名词辨析。句意：要找到平衡。balance（平衡）对应前文砍树与环保的权衡，选C。
10. 考查名词辨析。句意：需要森林的资源获取木材等。resources（资源）符合，选B。
【答案】
1~5. BABCD 6~10. DADCB
【知识点】
完形填空、词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本题围绕生态主题，通过语境考查词汇辨析，需结合上下文逻辑解题，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固完形填空解题能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
