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(B)
The Amazon rainforest in South America is the largest tropical rainforest in the
world. It covers 5.5 million square kilometres and spreads across Brazil, Bolivia,
Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.
The Amazon rainforest is very important because it has the richest plant and
animal life in the world. The area is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of
thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals. 20% of all bird species are
found in the Amazon rainforest, and 20% of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers
and streams. The biodiversity(生物多样性) of plant species in the Amazon rainforest
is the highest on Earth.
In the rainforest, it rains a lot every day. The Amazon rainforest plays a very
important part in stabilizing(稳定) the climate of the world not only by making rain but
also by taking in $CO_{2}$. That's good because too much $CO_{2}$ can make the planet too warm.
However, people are destroying the area by cutting down many of the trees. This
is called "deforestation". By 2018, about 17% of the Amazon rainforest had been
destroyed. Many living things lose their homes because of deforestation. As a result,
the number of kinds of animals, birds, insects and trees in the world is decreasing.
What's worse, when 20% - 25% of the rainforest is destroyed, the climate will
change. We must do our best to protect the Amazon rainforest.
46. How many countries does the Amazon rainforest spread across?
A. 8. B. 9. C. 10. D. 11.
47. How does the writer support his idea in paragraph 2?
A. By mentioning famous sayings. B. By listing numbers.
C. By telling stories. D. By giving examples.
48. Why is the Amazon rainforest very important?
A. It is home to many people.
B. It spreads across many countries.
C. There are many rivers and streams in the forest.
D. It has high biodiversity and helps control the climate.
49. What does the underlined word "deforestation" in the last paragraph probably
mean?
A. The act of polluting water. B. The act of killing animals.
C. The act of cutting down trees. D. The act of changing climate.
50. What is the purpose of the article?
A. To introduce the importance of the Amazon rainforest.
B. To suggest some ways to protect the Amazon rainforest.
C. To compare the Amazon rainforest with other rainforests.
D. To describe the plant and animal species in the Amazon rainforest.
The Amazon rainforest in South America is the largest tropical rainforest in the
world. It covers 5.5 million square kilometres and spreads across Brazil, Bolivia,
Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.
The Amazon rainforest is very important because it has the richest plant and
animal life in the world. The area is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of
thousands of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals. 20% of all bird species are
found in the Amazon rainforest, and 20% of the fish species live in Amazonian rivers
and streams. The biodiversity(生物多样性) of plant species in the Amazon rainforest
is the highest on Earth.
In the rainforest, it rains a lot every day. The Amazon rainforest plays a very
important part in stabilizing(稳定) the climate of the world not only by making rain but
also by taking in $CO_{2}$. That's good because too much $CO_{2}$ can make the planet too warm.
However, people are destroying the area by cutting down many of the trees. This
is called "deforestation". By 2018, about 17% of the Amazon rainforest had been
destroyed. Many living things lose their homes because of deforestation. As a result,
the number of kinds of animals, birds, insects and trees in the world is decreasing.
What's worse, when 20% - 25% of the rainforest is destroyed, the climate will
change. We must do our best to protect the Amazon rainforest.
46. How many countries does the Amazon rainforest spread across?
A. 8. B. 9. C. 10. D. 11.
47. How does the writer support his idea in paragraph 2?
A. By mentioning famous sayings. B. By listing numbers.
C. By telling stories. D. By giving examples.
48. Why is the Amazon rainforest very important?
A. It is home to many people.
B. It spreads across many countries.
C. There are many rivers and streams in the forest.
D. It has high biodiversity and helps control the climate.
49. What does the underlined word "deforestation" in the last paragraph probably
mean?
A. The act of polluting water. B. The act of killing animals.
C. The act of cutting down trees. D. The act of changing climate.
50. What is the purpose of the article?
A. To introduce the importance of the Amazon rainforest.
B. To suggest some ways to protect the Amazon rainforest.
C. To compare the Amazon rainforest with other rainforests.
D. To describe the plant and animal species in the Amazon rainforest.
答案
46.B 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍亚马逊雨林的说明文阅读，解题时优先采用题干关键词回原文定位的思路：1. 做细节题时直接找到题干对应的原文段落，比对选项和原文表述即可选出答案；2. 词义猜测题要结合划线词前后的解释性内容推导词义；3. 主旨题需要梳理全文的核心论述方向，排除只覆盖局部内容的干扰选项，就能顺利完成所有题目。
【解析】
46. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段末尾，文中明确列出亚马逊雨林横跨的区域为Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana，共计9个，因此选B。
47. 论证方式判断题：第二段先后出现了2.5 million insect species、tens of thousands of plants、20% of all bird species等大量具体数据，通过列数字的方式证明亚马逊雨林拥有全球最丰富的动植物资源，因此选B。
48. 细节理解题：文中第二段指出亚马逊雨林拥有全球最高的生物多样性，第三段说明它可以通过降雨和吸收二氧化碳稳定全球气候，两点共同构成它非常重要的原因，其余选项A文中未提及雨林是很多人的家园，B横跨多国不是它重要的原因，C雨林内的溪流多也不是核心重要性，因此选D。
49. 词义猜测题：划线词的前一句明确说明“people are destroying the area by cutting down many of the trees. This is called "deforestation"”，直接指出该词指代人们砍伐树木破坏雨林的行为，因此选C。
50. 主旨大意题：全文先介绍亚马逊雨林的基本概况，核心论述它在生物多样性、气候调节方面的重要价值，再提及雨林被破坏的现状，核心目的是向读者介绍亚马逊雨林的重要性，其余选项B文中没有给出具体的保护方法，C全文没有将亚马逊雨林和其他雨林做对比，D描述动植物物种只是文章的局部内容，不是全文写作目的，因此选A。
【答案】
46.B 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.A
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，词义猜测，主旨判断
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规说明文阅读，整体考点覆盖全面，大部分题目都可以通过直接定位原文内容得到答案，干扰选项设置难度低，适合学生练习巩固基础阅读解题技巧，区分度主要体现在主旨题上，需要学生避免把局部内容当成全文核心目的。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇介绍亚马逊雨林的说明文阅读，解题时优先采用题干关键词回原文定位的思路：1. 做细节题时直接找到题干对应的原文段落，比对选项和原文表述即可选出答案；2. 词义猜测题要结合划线词前后的解释性内容推导词义；3. 主旨题需要梳理全文的核心论述方向，排除只覆盖局部内容的干扰选项，就能顺利完成所有题目。
【解析】
46. 细节理解题：定位原文第一段末尾，文中明确列出亚马逊雨林横跨的区域为Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana，共计9个，因此选B。
47. 论证方式判断题：第二段先后出现了2.5 million insect species、tens of thousands of plants、20% of all bird species等大量具体数据，通过列数字的方式证明亚马逊雨林拥有全球最丰富的动植物资源，因此选B。
48. 细节理解题：文中第二段指出亚马逊雨林拥有全球最高的生物多样性，第三段说明它可以通过降雨和吸收二氧化碳稳定全球气候，两点共同构成它非常重要的原因，其余选项A文中未提及雨林是很多人的家园，B横跨多国不是它重要的原因，C雨林内的溪流多也不是核心重要性，因此选D。
49. 词义猜测题：划线词的前一句明确说明“people are destroying the area by cutting down many of the trees. This is called "deforestation"”，直接指出该词指代人们砍伐树木破坏雨林的行为，因此选C。
50. 主旨大意题：全文先介绍亚马逊雨林的基本概况，核心论述它在生物多样性、气候调节方面的重要价值，再提及雨林被破坏的现状，核心目的是向读者介绍亚马逊雨林的重要性，其余选项B文中没有给出具体的保护方法，C全文没有将亚马逊雨林和其他雨林做对比，D描述动植物物种只是文章的局部内容，不是全文写作目的，因此选A。
【答案】
46.B 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.A
【知识点】
阅读细节定位，词义猜测，主旨判断
【点评】
本题属于初中英语常规说明文阅读，整体考点覆盖全面，大部分题目都可以通过直接定位原文内容得到答案，干扰选项设置难度低，适合学生练习巩固基础阅读解题技巧，区分度主要体现在主旨题上，需要学生避免把局部内容当成全文核心目的。
【难度系数】
0.7
