一、单词拼写
1. Building houses according to the wind direction
2. People often rest at noon during
3. The idea of growing plants on rooftops seems
4. We should design cities to allow
5. We must learn to
6. I grew up in the
7. The farmers are busy harvesting
8. These gases cause severe(严重的) damage to the
9.
10. In China, people celebrate the
1. Building houses according to the wind direction
probably
(很可能) makes people feel more comfortable.2. People often rest at noon during
midsummer
(仲夏) to avoid the strong heat.3. The idea of growing plants on rooftops seems
crazy
(疯狂的) at first, but it really works.4. We should design cities to allow
rainfall
(雨量) to seep into the ground naturally.5. We must learn to
survive
(幸存) with less water in this dry region.6. I grew up in the
countryside
(乡下), but I dream to live in big cities.7. The farmers are busy harvesting
wheat
(小麦). Let's go and help them.8. These gases cause severe(严重的) damage to the
environment
(生态环境).9.
Wisdom
(智慧) helps people make smart decisions in life.10. In China, people celebrate the
arrival
(到来) of festivals with traditional food.答案
1. probably 2. midsummer 3. crazy
4. rainfall 5. survive 6. countryside
7. wheat 8. environment 9. Wisdom
10. arrival
4. rainfall 5. survive 6. countryside
7. wheat 8. environment 9. Wisdom
10. arrival
解析
【分析】本题为英语单词拼写题,需结合中文提示、句子结构及词性要求确定正确英文单词,同时注意单词的大小写等形式细节。
【解析】1. 空格修饰动词makes,需用副词,对应中文“很可能”,填probably;2. 对应中文“仲夏”,填名词midsummer;3. seem为系动词,后接形容词作表语,对应“疯狂的”,填crazy;4. 对应中文“雨量”,填名词rainfall;5. learn to do sth结构中需用动词原形,对应“幸存”,填survive;6. 对应中文“乡下”,填名词countryside;7. 对应中文“小麦”,填名词wheat;8. 对应中文“生态环境”,填名词environment;9. 空格在句首,需用名词“智慧”且首字母大写,填Wisdom;10. 对应中文“到来”,填名词arrival。
【答案】1. probably 2. midsummer 3. crazy 4. rainfall 5. survive 6. countryside 7. wheat 8. environment 9. Wisdom 10. arrival
【知识点】英语单词拼写;词性辨析;名词用法
【点评】本题考查基础英语核心词汇的拼写及语境运用,题型常规,难度较低,需注意单词形式(如大小写)的细节,适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】0.3
【解析】1. 空格修饰动词makes,需用副词,对应中文“很可能”,填probably;2. 对应中文“仲夏”,填名词midsummer;3. seem为系动词,后接形容词作表语,对应“疯狂的”,填crazy;4. 对应中文“雨量”,填名词rainfall;5. learn to do sth结构中需用动词原形,对应“幸存”,填survive;6. 对应中文“乡下”,填名词countryside;7. 对应中文“小麦”,填名词wheat;8. 对应中文“生态环境”,填名词environment;9. 空格在句首,需用名词“智慧”且首字母大写,填Wisdom;10. 对应中文“到来”,填名词arrival。
【答案】1. probably 2. midsummer 3. crazy 4. rainfall 5. survive 6. countryside 7. wheat 8. environment 9. Wisdom 10. arrival
【知识点】英语单词拼写;词性辨析;名词用法
【点评】本题考查基础英语核心词汇的拼写及语境运用,题型常规,难度较低,需注意单词形式(如大小写)的细节,适合巩固基础词汇。
【难度系数】0.3
二、语法填空迁移练
11. This valley is
12.
13. This system provides water to
14.
15. We must use natural resources
11. This valley is
known
(know) as a wind path, so people don't build tall buildings there.12.
Surprisingly
(surprising), in some windy places, people use kites to help pull ships.13. This system provides water to
millions
(million) of people in the city.14.
Today's
(today) weather prediction is more accurate than that in the past.15. We must use natural resources
wisely
(wise) for future generations.答案
11. known 12. Surprisingly 13. millions 14. Today's 15. wisely
解析
【分析】
本题为语法填空基础题型,需结合句子结构、固定搭配、词性规则等逐一分析:11题考查固定搭配,be动词后需用know的过去分词构成被动结构;12题需用副词修饰整个句子,形容词surprising转换为副词;13题考查数词固定短语,millions of表不确定数量;14题修饰名词需用today的名词所有格;15题修饰动词需用wise的副词形式。
【解析】
11. 固定搭配be known as意为“被称为”,此处构成被动结构,故填known。
12. 空格处修饰整个句子,需用surprising的副词形式,句首首字母大写,故填Surprisingly。
13. 固定短语millions of表示“数百万的”,用于修饰可数名词复数,故填millions。
14. 此处修饰名词短语weather prediction,需用today的名词所有格,故填Today's。
15. 空格处修饰动词use,需用wise的副词形式,故填wisely。
【答案】
11. known 12. Surprisingly 13. millions 14. Today's 15. wisely
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、名词所有格
【点评】
本题聚焦语法填空核心基础考点,涵盖固定搭配、词性变化、名词所有格等常见内容,是初中阶段需熟练掌握的题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为语法填空基础题型,需结合句子结构、固定搭配、词性规则等逐一分析:11题考查固定搭配,be动词后需用know的过去分词构成被动结构;12题需用副词修饰整个句子,形容词surprising转换为副词;13题考查数词固定短语,millions of表不确定数量;14题修饰名词需用today的名词所有格;15题修饰动词需用wise的副词形式。
【解析】
11. 固定搭配be known as意为“被称为”,此处构成被动结构,故填known。
12. 空格处修饰整个句子,需用surprising的副词形式,句首首字母大写,故填Surprisingly。
13. 固定短语millions of表示“数百万的”,用于修饰可数名词复数,故填millions。
14. 此处修饰名词短语weather prediction,需用today的名词所有格,故填Today's。
15. 空格处修饰动词use,需用wise的副词形式,故填wisely。
【答案】
11. known 12. Surprisingly 13. millions 14. Today's 15. wisely
【知识点】
固定搭配、词性转换、名词所有格
【点评】
本题聚焦语法填空核心基础考点,涵盖固定搭配、词性变化、名词所有格等常见内容,是初中阶段需熟练掌握的题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、根据句意,在空白处填入一个适当的词
16. Using bamboo to build houses is such
17. The chemicals from the factory should not be allowed to fall
18. Thanks
19. Wetlands play an important role
16. Using bamboo to build houses is such
a
smart use of natural materials.17. The chemicals from the factory should not be allowed to fall
into
the farmland.18. Thanks
to
the rich sunlight here, our solar power system works well.19. Wetlands play an important role
in
cleaning water and providing homes for many animals.答案
16. a 17. into 18. to 19. in
解析
【分析】
本题考查英语基础的冠词、介词及固定搭配用法,需结合句意和常用短语结构解题:16题需用such的固定结构;17题考查与fall相关的介词短语;18题考查thanks的固定搭配;19题考查play相关的介词搭配。
【解析】
16. 固定结构“such a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数”,此处use为可数名词单数,smart以辅音音素开头,故填a;
17. 短语fall into意为“落入”,符合“工厂化学物质不能落入农田”的句意,故填into;
18. 固定搭配thanks to意为“多亏,由于”,符合“多亏充足阳光,太阳能系统运行良好”的语境,故填to;
19. 固定搭配play a role in doing sth意为“在做某事方面起作用”,此处需介词in,故填in。
【答案】
16. a 17. into 18. to 19. in
【知识点】
冠词用法、介词搭配、固定短语
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇运用题,核心考查常用固定搭配和基础语法,需学生牢记常见短语结构,属于易得分的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
本题考查英语基础的冠词、介词及固定搭配用法,需结合句意和常用短语结构解题:16题需用such的固定结构;17题考查与fall相关的介词短语;18题考查thanks的固定搭配;19题考查play相关的介词搭配。
【解析】
16. 固定结构“such a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数”,此处use为可数名词单数,smart以辅音音素开头,故填a;
17. 短语fall into意为“落入”,符合“工厂化学物质不能落入农田”的句意,故填into;
18. 固定搭配thanks to意为“多亏,由于”,符合“多亏充足阳光,太阳能系统运行良好”的语境,故填to;
19. 固定搭配play a role in doing sth意为“在做某事方面起作用”,此处需介词in,故填in。
【答案】
16. a 17. into 18. to 19. in
【知识点】
冠词用法、介词搭配、固定短语
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇运用题,核心考查常用固定搭配和基础语法,需学生牢记常见短语结构,属于易得分的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8
四、根据英文释义,在空白处填入一个适当的词
20. People use
21. They dug a small
22. The house was built
23. A water
24. The
20. People use
underground
pipes to bring water to the city. (under the ground)21. They dug a small
canal
to water the fields. (a man-made river for boats or water)22. The house was built
among
the hills, facing the sun. (in the middle of something)23. A water
shortage
can be a big problem for a city. (not having enough of something)24. The
increase
in rain helps all the plants grow. (becoming larger in number or amount)答案
20. underground 21. canal 22. among
23. shortage 24. increase
23. shortage 24. increase
解析
【分析】本题为根据英文释义填单词的题型,解题思路是先准确理解每小题括号内的英文释义,再结合句子的语法结构和语境,选择符合释义且词性正确的单词,确保填入后句子通顺合理。
【解析】20. 括号释义为“under the ground”(在地下),需用形容词修饰名词pipes,故填underground;21. 括号释义为“a man-made river for boats or water”(用于通航或输水的人造河),对应名词canal;22. 括号释义为“in the middle of something”(在某物中间),表示在多座山之间,用介词among;23. 括号释义为“not having enough of something”(某物不足),对应名词shortage,water shortage是固定搭配“缺水”;24. 括号释义为“becoming larger in number or amount”(数量或规模增加),对应名词increase,the increase in rain表示降雨量的增加。
【答案】20. underground 21. canal 22. among 23. shortage 24. increase
【知识点】词汇运用、根据释义填词
【点评】本题考查学生对常见英文词汇的词义理解及语境运用能力,题目难度适中,需学生准确匹配释义与对应词汇,夯实基础词汇储备即可完成。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】20. 括号释义为“under the ground”(在地下),需用形容词修饰名词pipes,故填underground;21. 括号释义为“a man-made river for boats or water”(用于通航或输水的人造河),对应名词canal;22. 括号释义为“in the middle of something”(在某物中间),表示在多座山之间,用介词among;23. 括号释义为“not having enough of something”(某物不足),对应名词shortage,water shortage是固定搭配“缺水”;24. 括号释义为“becoming larger in number or amount”(数量或规模增加),对应名词increase,the increase in rain表示降雨量的增加。
【答案】20. underground 21. canal 22. among 23. shortage 24. increase
【知识点】词汇运用、根据释义填词
【点评】本题考查学生对常见英文词汇的词义理解及语境运用能力,题目难度适中,需学生准确匹配释义与对应词汇,夯实基础词汇储备即可完成。
【难度系数】0.6
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