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任务型阅读·关键词定位法
▶方法概述
关键词定位法是一种高效的解题方法，核心是通过抓取题目中的关键信息，快速在原文中找到答案所在区域，从而精准答题。做题时首先找出关键词；其次带着关键词快速浏览文章，寻找与关键词一致或意思相近的内容；然后定位答案区域，找到关键词所在的句子或段落。
▶典型例题
Would you rather live where it snows in winter or enjoy warm sunshine all year round? Some people prefer sunny weather. They think cold winters can be hard—short days make them sleepy and sad. The cold makes them stay inside, exercise less, and get sick easily. However, people in cold places find fun ways to enjoy winter!
In Harbin, China, the International Ice and Snow Festival starts in January and lasts about a month. Artists cut ice from the Songhua River and build tall sculptures(雕塑) that are lit with colourful lights. By late December, visitors come to see this icy world filled with ice artworks and shining buildings. The beauty surprises them although it's very cold!
In Quebec, Canada, there's an amazing ice hotel that is made of 2,300 ice blocks and 15,000 tons of snow! People love staying in its icy rooms for a special winter experience.
Even kids in Sweden can enjoy making snow lanterns called Snölykta. They first make large snowballs, and then put candles inside to create warm lights. These simple lanterns light up the dark winter nights.
…
1 - 3. Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
Places | Activities
--- | ---
Harbin, China | Artists: 1（不超过6词） Visitors: see the icy world
Quebec, 2（仅填1词） |
People: stay in the ice hotel
Sweden | Kids: 3（不超过5词）
1.【答案】cut ice and build tall sculptures 解析:根据表格中的“Harbin, China, Artists”等词,快速扫读定位到文章第二段的第一句和第二句。
2.【答案】Canada 解析:根据表格中的“Quebec”一词,快速扫读定位到文章第三段的第一句“In Quebec, Canada, there's...”,故填Canada。
3.【答案】enjoy making snow lanterns 解析:根据表格中的“Sweden”一词,快速扫读定位到文章第四段的第一句“Even kids in Sweden can enjoy making snow lanterns called Snölykta”。
▶方法概述
关键词定位法是一种高效的解题方法，核心是通过抓取题目中的关键信息，快速在原文中找到答案所在区域，从而精准答题。做题时首先找出关键词；其次带着关键词快速浏览文章，寻找与关键词一致或意思相近的内容；然后定位答案区域，找到关键词所在的句子或段落。
▶典型例题
Would you rather live where it snows in winter or enjoy warm sunshine all year round? Some people prefer sunny weather. They think cold winters can be hard—short days make them sleepy and sad. The cold makes them stay inside, exercise less, and get sick easily. However, people in cold places find fun ways to enjoy winter!
In Harbin, China, the International Ice and Snow Festival starts in January and lasts about a month. Artists cut ice from the Songhua River and build tall sculptures(雕塑) that are lit with colourful lights. By late December, visitors come to see this icy world filled with ice artworks and shining buildings. The beauty surprises them although it's very cold!
In Quebec, Canada, there's an amazing ice hotel that is made of 2,300 ice blocks and 15,000 tons of snow! People love staying in its icy rooms for a special winter experience.
Even kids in Sweden can enjoy making snow lanterns called Snölykta. They first make large snowballs, and then put candles inside to create warm lights. These simple lanterns light up the dark winter nights.
…
1 - 3. Fill in the blanks according to the passage.
Places | Activities
--- | ---
Harbin, China | Artists: 1（不超过6词） Visitors: see the icy world
Quebec, 2（仅填1词） |
People: stay in the ice hotelSweden | Kids: 3（不超过5词）
1.【答案】cut ice and build tall sculptures 解析:根据表格中的“Harbin, China, Artists”等词,快速扫读定位到文章第二段的第一句和第二句。
2.【答案】Canada 解析:根据表格中的“Quebec”一词,快速扫读定位到文章第三段的第一句“In Quebec, Canada, there's...”,故填Canada。
3.【答案】enjoy making snow lanterns 解析:根据表格中的“Sweden”一词,快速扫读定位到文章第四段的第一句“Even kids in Sweden can enjoy making snow lanterns called Snölykta”。
答案
1. cut ice and build tall sculptures
2. Canada
3. enjoy making snow lanterns
2. Canada
3. enjoy making snow lanterns
解析
【分析】这是任务型阅读题，需运用关键词定位法解题。首先明确每个空对应的关键词：第1空关键词是“Harbin, China”和“Artists”，第2空关键词是“Quebec”，第3空关键词是“Sweden”和“Kids”；接着带着关键词快速浏览原文，定位到对应段落，提取符合词数要求的答案即可。
【解析】1. 定位到原文第二段，根据“Artists cut ice from the Songhua River and build tall sculptures...”，结合不超过6词的要求，提取答案为cut ice and build tall sculptures；2. 定位到原文第三段第一句“In Quebec, Canada...”，仅填1词，故填Canada；3. 定位到原文第四段第一句“Even kids in Sweden can enjoy making snow lanterns...”，结合不超过5词的要求，提取答案为enjoy making snow lanterns。
【答案】1. cut ice and build tall sculptures
2. Canada
3. enjoy making snow lanterns
【知识点】任务型阅读、关键词定位法
【点评】本题通过关键词定位法可快速锁定答案，难度适中，能有效训练学生的信息提取能力。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 定位到原文第二段，根据“Artists cut ice from the Songhua River and build tall sculptures...”，结合不超过6词的要求，提取答案为cut ice and build tall sculptures；2. 定位到原文第三段第一句“In Quebec, Canada...”，仅填1词，故填Canada；3. 定位到原文第四段第一句“Even kids in Sweden can enjoy making snow lanterns...”，结合不超过5词的要求，提取答案为enjoy making snow lanterns。
【答案】1. cut ice and build tall sculptures
2. Canada
3. enjoy making snow lanterns
【知识点】任务型阅读、关键词定位法
【点评】本题通过关键词定位法可快速锁定答案，难度适中，能有效训练学生的信息提取能力。
【难度系数】0.7
