1. 定语从句(that, which, who)的用法
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,被修饰的词叫先行词,关系词that, which, who代替先行词在从句中作主语或宾语。

【即学即练】用that, which或who填空,可省略的用括号标注。
(1) The music
(2) I like the musician
(3) This is the guitar
(4) The boy
(5) We all love songs
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,被修饰的词叫先行词,关系词that, which, who代替先行词在从句中作主语或宾语。
【即学即练】用that, which或who填空,可省略的用括号标注。
(1) The music
that / which
is played on the erhu sounds very beautiful.(2) I like the musician
who / that
wrote the song “Butterfly Lovers”.(3) This is the guitar
that / which(可省)
my father bought me for my birthday.(4) The boy
who / that
is playing the trumpet is my classmate.(5) We all love songs
that / which(可省)
we can dance to.答案
(1) that / which
(2) who / that
(3) that / which(可省)
(4) who / that
(5) that / which(可省)
(2) who / that
(3) that / which(可省)
(4) who / that
(5) that / which(可省)
解析
【分析】
解决这类定语从句填空问题,需分三步思考:1. 确定先行词,判断其是人还是物;2. 分析关系词在定语从句中作主语还是宾语;3. 根据先行词属性和从句成分选择对应关系词,若关系词作宾语时可省略,需标注括号。
【解析】
(1) 先行词是the music(物),关系词在从句中作主语,因此可用that或which,无省略情况。
(2) 先行词是the musician(人),关系词在从句中作主语,因此可用who或that,无省略情况。
(3) 先行词是the guitar(物),关系词在从句中作bought的宾语,作宾语时可省略,因此可用that或which,可省略。
(4) 先行词是the boy(人),关系词在从句中作主语,因此可用who或that,无省略情况。
(5) 先行词是songs(物),关系词在从句中作dance to的宾语,作宾语时可省略,因此可用that或which,可省略。
【答案】
(1) that / which
(2) who / that
(3) that / which(可省)
(4) who / that
(5) that / which(可省)
【知识点】
定语从句关系词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础定语从句中关系词的选择,核心是掌握先行词属性和关系词在从句中的成分,属于定语从句的基础应用,需牢记关系词的用法规则。
【难度系数】
0.5
解决这类定语从句填空问题,需分三步思考:1. 确定先行词,判断其是人还是物;2. 分析关系词在定语从句中作主语还是宾语;3. 根据先行词属性和从句成分选择对应关系词,若关系词作宾语时可省略,需标注括号。
【解析】
(1) 先行词是the music(物),关系词在从句中作主语,因此可用that或which,无省略情况。
(2) 先行词是the musician(人),关系词在从句中作主语,因此可用who或that,无省略情况。
(3) 先行词是the guitar(物),关系词在从句中作bought的宾语,作宾语时可省略,因此可用that或which,可省略。
(4) 先行词是the boy(人),关系词在从句中作主语,因此可用who或that,无省略情况。
(5) 先行词是songs(物),关系词在从句中作dance to的宾语,作宾语时可省略,因此可用that或which,可省略。
【答案】
(1) that / which
(2) who / that
(3) that / which(可省)
(4) who / that
(5) that / which(可省)
【知识点】
定语从句关系词用法
【点评】
本题考查基础定语从句中关系词的选择,核心是掌握先行词属性和关系词在从句中的成分,属于定语从句的基础应用,需牢记关系词的用法规则。
【难度系数】
0.5
2. 辨析sing along to & dance to
| 短语 | 含义 | 用法 | 例句 |
| sing along to | 跟着唱 | 后接音乐/歌曲作
| She likes to sing along to pop songs. |
| dance to | 随着跳舞 | 后接音乐/节奏作宾语 | People began to dance to the lively rhythm. |
【即学即练】用sing along to或dance to填空,注意形式变化。
(1)When the music starts, people can't help
(2)My sister often
(3)It's a happy song that we can
| 短语 | 含义 | 用法 | 例句 |
| sing along to | 跟着唱 | 后接音乐/歌曲作
| dance to | 随着跳舞 | 后接音乐/节奏作宾语 | People began to dance to the lively rhythm. |
【即学即练】用sing along to或dance to填空,注意形式变化。
(1)When the music starts, people can't help
dancing to
it.(2)My sister often
sings along to
her favourite songs while she is cleaning the room.(3)It's a happy song that we can
sing along to / dance to
together.答案
(1) dancing to
(2) sings along to
(3) sing along to / dance to
(2) sings along to
(3) sing along to / dance to
解析
【分析】首先明确两个短语的含义与用法:sing along to意为“跟着唱”,后接音乐/歌曲作宾语;dance to意为“随着跳舞”,后接音乐/节奏作宾语。解题时需先理解每个句子的语境,再结合语法规则(如can't help后接动名词、一般现在时第三人称单数变化、情态动词后接动词原形)选择正确短语并调整形式。
【解析】
(1)句意:当音乐响起时,人们忍不住跟着它跳舞。固定搭配can't help doing sth.(忍不住做某事),结合语境选dance to,故填dancing to。
(2)句意:我姐姐打扫房间时经常跟着她最喜欢的歌唱。主语My sister是第三人称单数,often表明是一般现在时,结合语境选sing along to,动词用第三人称单数形式sings along to。
(3)句意:这是一首开心的歌,我们可以一起跟着唱/跳。情态动词can后接动词原形,结合语境sing along to(跟着唱)或dance to(跟着跳)均符合,故填sing along to / dance to。
【答案】
(1) dancing to
(2) sings along to
(3) sing along to / dance to
【知识点】
动词短语辨析;动词形式变化
【点评】
本题考查易混动词短语sing along to和dance to的用法,需结合语境理解短语含义,同时掌握不同语法结构下的动词形式变化,属于基础英语词汇运用题。
【难度系数】
0.6
【解析】
(1)句意:当音乐响起时,人们忍不住跟着它跳舞。固定搭配can't help doing sth.(忍不住做某事),结合语境选dance to,故填dancing to。
(2)句意:我姐姐打扫房间时经常跟着她最喜欢的歌唱。主语My sister是第三人称单数,often表明是一般现在时,结合语境选sing along to,动词用第三人称单数形式sings along to。
(3)句意:这是一首开心的歌,我们可以一起跟着唱/跳。情态动词can后接动词原形,结合语境sing along to(跟着唱)或dance to(跟着跳)均符合,故填sing along to / dance to。
【答案】
(1) dancing to
(2) sings along to
(3) sing along to / dance to
【知识点】
动词短语辨析;动词形式变化
【点评】
本题考查易混动词短语sing along to和dance to的用法,需结合语境理解短语含义,同时掌握不同语法结构下的动词形式变化,属于基础英语词汇运用题。
【难度系数】
0.6
3. 常见音乐类固定搭配
music相关搭配常为:限定词+kind of+music,动词+music,music+定语从句
不同种类的音乐:different kinds of music
听音乐:listen to music
演奏音乐:play music
创作音乐:compose / write music
喜欢能触动心灵的音乐:like music that touches one’s heart
【即学即练】根据汉语提示完成句子。
(1)我喜欢能跟着唱的传统音乐。
I like traditional music
(2)他擅长演奏不同风格的音乐。
He is good at
(3)这位作曲家创作了很多充满欢乐的音乐。
The composer
music相关搭配常为:限定词+kind of+music,动词+music,music+定语从句
不同种类的音乐:different kinds of music
听音乐:listen to music
演奏音乐:play music
创作音乐:compose / write music
喜欢能触动心灵的音乐:like music that touches one’s heart
【即学即练】根据汉语提示完成句子。
(1)我喜欢能跟着唱的传统音乐。
I like traditional music
that I can sing along to
.(2)他擅长演奏不同风格的音乐。
He is good at
playing different styles of music
.(3)这位作曲家创作了很多充满欢乐的音乐。
The composer
composed / wrote
a lot of music that is full of joy
.答案
(1) that I can sing along to
(2) playing different styles of music
(3) composed / wrote, that is full of joy
(2) playing different styles of music
(3) composed / wrote, that is full of joy
解析
【分析】
本题考查music相关的固定搭配及定语从句的运用,需结合汉语提示和语法规则填空。第(1)题需填写修饰traditional music的定语从句,先行词为物,用关系代词that引导,结合“跟着唱”的固定短语完成;第(2)题be good at后接动名词,对应“演奏不同风格的音乐”的搭配;第(3)题“创作”用过去式,后接修饰music的定语从句。
【解析】
(1) 先行词traditional music指物,定语从句用关系代词that引导,“跟着唱”是固定短语sing along to,故填that I can sing along to;
(2) be good at后接动词动名词形式,“演奏不同风格的音乐”对应play different styles of music,故填playing different styles of music;
(3) “创作”对应compose/write,描述已完成的动作用过去式,修饰music的定语从句用that引导,“充满欢乐”是that is full of joy,故填composed / wrote, that is full of joy。
【答案】
(1) that I can sing along to
(2) playing different styles of music
(3) composed / wrote, that is full of joy
【知识点】
定语从句、固定搭配、动词时态
【点评】
本题围绕music相关的基础搭配和定语从句展开,属于语法与短语结合的基础题,只要掌握给定搭配和定语从句基本用法即可解答,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题考查music相关的固定搭配及定语从句的运用,需结合汉语提示和语法规则填空。第(1)题需填写修饰traditional music的定语从句,先行词为物,用关系代词that引导,结合“跟着唱”的固定短语完成;第(2)题be good at后接动名词,对应“演奏不同风格的音乐”的搭配;第(3)题“创作”用过去式,后接修饰music的定语从句。
【解析】
(1) 先行词traditional music指物,定语从句用关系代词that引导,“跟着唱”是固定短语sing along to,故填that I can sing along to;
(2) be good at后接动词动名词形式,“演奏不同风格的音乐”对应play different styles of music,故填playing different styles of music;
(3) “创作”对应compose/write,描述已完成的动作用过去式,修饰music的定语从句用that引导,“充满欢乐”是that is full of joy,故填composed / wrote, that is full of joy。
【答案】
(1) that I can sing along to
(2) playing different styles of music
(3) composed / wrote, that is full of joy
【知识点】
定语从句、固定搭配、动词时态
【点评】
本题围绕music相关的基础搭配和定语从句展开,属于语法与短语结合的基础题,只要掌握给定搭配和定语从句基本用法即可解答,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.7
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