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五、阅读理解。
Imagine taking a long space trip with your pet. How do you both stay healthy in such conditions like microgravity（微重力）and space radiation（辐射）?
That's where space-based animal research comes in. On October 31, China's Shenzhou-21 mission was carried out with four mice aboard. This was the first time China had sent mice into space for experiments, following earlier missions with fish and flies. After the mice returned with the Shenzhou-20 spaceship, scientists would further study how space affects their bodies.
Mice are good for space research because they share genetic（基因）similarities with humans, need little room and reproduce quickly. Also, given their short life, six months in space for a mouse is like over 10 years for a human. This allows scientists to predict the long-term effects of space on humans in just months, rather than years.
But not just any mouse can become an "astronaut". These mice are chosen for their excellent performance during 60 days of training. They pass physical tests, like riding an "exercise bike", and some other tests, such as solving mazes（迷宫）.
"The animal work is helping us understand how to live a better life in space, making it a healthier reality, as well as helping us study a few illnesses that affect us down on earth," Julie Keeble from King's College London told Understanding Animal Research. For example, space is perfect for studying osteoporosis（骨质疏松）, as microgravity causes bone loss 12 times faster than on earth. In 2017, a study with mice on the International Space Station found a treatment that slowed bone loss and helped new bones grow, offering hope for keeping humans healthy both on earth and in space.
In the world, sending animals to space began in the late 1940s to see if any life could survive the high rocket speeds or the microgravity and radiation in space. Today, studies go further.
(
A. The mice's. B. The fish's. C. The scientists'. D. The flies'.
(
A. Which mice are allowed to help humans.
B. How mice are trained to be "astronauts".
C. Why mice are chosen for space research.
D. How long mice can live in space and on earth.
(
A. To memorise the scientist, Julie Keeble.
B. To express the doubt of the research.
C. To explain the meaning of "osteoporosis".
D. To make Keeble's opinion believable.
(
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Disappointed. D. Uninterested.
Imagine taking a long space trip with your pet. How do you both stay healthy in such conditions like microgravity（微重力）and space radiation（辐射）?
That's where space-based animal research comes in. On October 31, China's Shenzhou-21 mission was carried out with four mice aboard. This was the first time China had sent mice into space for experiments, following earlier missions with fish and flies. After the mice returned with the Shenzhou-20 spaceship, scientists would further study how space affects their bodies.
Mice are good for space research because they share genetic（基因）similarities with humans, need little room and reproduce quickly. Also, given their short life, six months in space for a mouse is like over 10 years for a human. This allows scientists to predict the long-term effects of space on humans in just months, rather than years.
But not just any mouse can become an "astronaut". These mice are chosen for their excellent performance during 60 days of training. They pass physical tests, like riding an "exercise bike", and some other tests, such as solving mazes（迷宫）.
"The animal work is helping us understand how to live a better life in space, making it a healthier reality, as well as helping us study a few illnesses that affect us down on earth," Julie Keeble from King's College London told Understanding Animal Research. For example, space is perfect for studying osteoporosis（骨质疏松）, as microgravity causes bone loss 12 times faster than on earth. In 2017, a study with mice on the International Space Station found a treatment that slowed bone loss and helped new bones grow, offering hope for keeping humans healthy both on earth and in space.
In the world, sending animals to space began in the late 1940s to see if any life could survive the high rocket speeds or the microgravity and radiation in space. Today, studies go further.
(
A
) 21. What does the underlined word "their" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The mice's. B. The fish's. C. The scientists'. D. The flies'.
(
C
) 22. What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?A. Which mice are allowed to help humans.
B. How mice are trained to be "astronauts".
C. Why mice are chosen for space research.
D. How long mice can live in space and on earth.
(
D
) 23. Why is the example of osteoporosis given in Paragraph 5?A. To memorise the scientist, Julie Keeble.
B. To express the doubt of the research.
C. To explain the meaning of "osteoporosis".
D. To make Keeble's opinion believable.
(
B
) 24. What is the writer's attitude towards space-based animal research?A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Disappointed. D. Uninterested.
答案
21—24.ACDB
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、段落大意、举例作用、作者态度四类题型。解题思路为：1. 词义猜测题需定位划线代词所在句，结合前文指代的名词判断；2. 段落大意题需找段落中心句（通常为首句）；3. 举例作用题需分析例子与前文观点的逻辑关系；4. 作者态度题需梳理全文表述的倾向，无负面表述则为支持。
【解析】
21题：定位第二段，前文提到“four mice aboard”“the mice returned”，划线词“their”所在句意为“研究太空如何影响它们的身体”，“它们”指代前文的mice，故选A。
22题：第三段首句“Mice are good for space research because...”为段落中心句，明确说明选老鼠做太空研究的原因，对应选项C。
23题：第五段Keeble提出“动物研究帮助理解太空生活、研究疾病”的观点，随后举骨质疏松的例子，是为了支撑该观点，使其更可信，故选D。
24题：作者全文介绍中国太空老鼠实验、动物太空研究的益处，无负面表述，态度为支持，故选B。
【答案】
21—24.ACDB
【知识点】
词义猜测题、段落大意题、作者态度题
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心题型，需结合原文定位关键信息，分析逻辑关系，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含词义猜测、段落大意、举例作用、作者态度四类题型。解题思路为：1. 词义猜测题需定位划线代词所在句，结合前文指代的名词判断；2. 段落大意题需找段落中心句（通常为首句）；3. 举例作用题需分析例子与前文观点的逻辑关系；4. 作者态度题需梳理全文表述的倾向，无负面表述则为支持。
【解析】
21题：定位第二段，前文提到“four mice aboard”“the mice returned”，划线词“their”所在句意为“研究太空如何影响它们的身体”，“它们”指代前文的mice，故选A。
22题：第三段首句“Mice are good for space research because...”为段落中心句，明确说明选老鼠做太空研究的原因，对应选项C。
23题：第五段Keeble提出“动物研究帮助理解太空生活、研究疾病”的观点，随后举骨质疏松的例子，是为了支撑该观点，使其更可信，故选D。
24题：作者全文介绍中国太空老鼠实验、动物太空研究的益处，无负面表述，态度为支持，故选B。
【答案】
21—24.ACDB
【知识点】
词义猜测题、段落大意题、作者态度题
【点评】
本题考查英语阅读理解的核心题型，需结合原文定位关键信息，分析逻辑关系，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6
