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四、阅读理解(共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)
A
Thinking Does Something to Body
Researchers found that when people think a lot, the brain produces glutamate (谷氨酸). The brain with too much glutamate will tell the body it is tired and that it must rest. People who spend more than six hours working on a task that requires a lot of thought more probably feel tired.
The word "hangry" means to be angry as a result of feeling hungry. It's not a new word. But scientists recently found that being hangry could be a real medical condition. There is a strong relationship between hunger and feelings of anger (愤怒) or low pleasure. Scientists believe that if people know they are hangry, they could better control their anger.
Dancing to Music Is Genetic (遗传的)
We can't help dancing or nodding head when we hear music. New research suggests that moving our body to music is genetic. Parents pass their sense of rhythm down to their children. The scientists say the genes work in similar ways to those for other rhythms (节奏), such as breathing, walking and sleeping.
(
A. MEDICAL CARE.
B. HEALTH.
C. LIFESTYLE.
D. SCIENCE RESEARCH.
(
A. his brain can't control his body
B. he may feel too excited to have a rest
C. the glutamate in his brain may increase
D. his body must be more tired than his mind
(
A. have great ability to move to music
B. breathe more rapidly than others
C. sleep better when listening to music
D. be more active than others
(
A. Low Pleasure Influences
B. Feeling Hungry Can Make Us Feel "Hangry"
C. Why People Always Feel Angry
D. How Health Controls Anger
(
A. "hangry" is a new word
B. hangry has to do with stress
C. hangry can't be controlled at all
D. hunger influences our feelings
A
Thinking Does Something to Body
Researchers found that when people think a lot, the brain produces glutamate (谷氨酸). The brain with too much glutamate will tell the body it is tired and that it must rest. People who spend more than six hours working on a task that requires a lot of thought more probably feel tired.
The word "hangry" means to be angry as a result of feeling hungry. It's not a new word. But scientists recently found that being hangry could be a real medical condition. There is a strong relationship between hunger and feelings of anger (愤怒) or low pleasure. Scientists believe that if people know they are hangry, they could better control their anger.
Dancing to Music Is Genetic (遗传的)
We can't help dancing or nodding head when we hear music. New research suggests that moving our body to music is genetic. Parents pass their sense of rhythm down to their children. The scientists say the genes work in similar ways to those for other rhythms (节奏), such as breathing, walking and sleeping.
(
D
)51. In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news?A. MEDICAL CARE.
B. HEALTH.
C. LIFESTYLE.
D. SCIENCE RESEARCH.
(
C
)52. If a man works on a task that requires a lot of thought for more than six hours, C
.A. his brain can't control his body
B. he may feel too excited to have a rest
C. the glutamate in his brain may increase
D. his body must be more tired than his mind
(
A
)53. It's TRUE that the children whose parents have a great sense of rhythm might A
.A. have great ability to move to music
B. breathe more rapidly than others
C. sleep better when listening to music
D. be more active than others
(
B
)54. What would be the best heading for the second piece of news?A. Low Pleasure Influences
B. Feeling Hungry Can Make Us Feel "Hangry"
C. Why People Always Feel Angry
D. How Health Controls Anger
(
D
)55. It's clear that D
.A. "hangry" is a new word
B. hangry has to do with stress
C. hangry can't be controlled at all
D. hunger influences our feelings
答案
51.D 52.C 53.A 54.B 55.D
解析
【解析】
51. 文章三个板块均为科学研究相关的发现，分别探讨思考对身体的影响、“饿怒”的医学属性、随乐起舞的遗传性，因此该内容应出现在报纸的科学研究板块，故选D。
52. 根据第一段内容，人们思考多时大脑会产生谷氨酸，花费六小时以上做费脑任务的人更易疲惫，由此可推知这类人大脑中的谷氨酸可能会增加。A选项“大脑无法控制身体”、B选项“兴奋得不想休息”、D选项“身体比大脑更累”均未在文中提及，故选C。
53. 根据第三部分内容，随音乐舞动是遗传的，父母会将节奏感传递给孩子，因此父母节奏感好的孩子可能具备随音乐舞动的能力。B选项“呼吸更快”、C选项“听音乐睡得更好”、D选项“更活跃”均未在文中提及，故选A。
54. 第二部分围绕“hangry（饿怒）”展开，介绍其含义及饥饿与愤怒情绪的关联，B选项“饥饿会让我们产生‘饿怒’”能精准概括该部分主旨。A选项仅提及低愉悦感的影响，不全面；C选项“人为何总是愤怒”范围过大；D选项“健康如何控制愤怒”与该部分内容不符，故选B。
55. 第二部分明确指出饥饿与愤怒或低愉悦感存在紧密联系，即饥饿会影响情绪，D选项表述正确。A选项“hangry是新词”与文中“It's not a new word.”不符；B选项“饿怒与压力有关”未在文中提及；C选项“饿怒完全无法控制”与文中“if people know they are hangry, they could better control their anger.”不符，故选D。
【答案】
51.D 52.C 53.A 54.B 55.D
【知识点】
科普类阅读理解、细节信息查找、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文选取三篇关于人体与行为、情绪关联的科普短文，题目以细节理解和主旨概括为主，既考查学生提取关键信息的能力，也引导学生了解相关科学常识，整体贴合日常认知，题型设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.6
51. 文章三个板块均为科学研究相关的发现，分别探讨思考对身体的影响、“饿怒”的医学属性、随乐起舞的遗传性，因此该内容应出现在报纸的科学研究板块，故选D。
52. 根据第一段内容，人们思考多时大脑会产生谷氨酸，花费六小时以上做费脑任务的人更易疲惫，由此可推知这类人大脑中的谷氨酸可能会增加。A选项“大脑无法控制身体”、B选项“兴奋得不想休息”、D选项“身体比大脑更累”均未在文中提及，故选C。
53. 根据第三部分内容，随音乐舞动是遗传的，父母会将节奏感传递给孩子，因此父母节奏感好的孩子可能具备随音乐舞动的能力。B选项“呼吸更快”、C选项“听音乐睡得更好”、D选项“更活跃”均未在文中提及，故选A。
54. 第二部分围绕“hangry（饿怒）”展开，介绍其含义及饥饿与愤怒情绪的关联，B选项“饥饿会让我们产生‘饿怒’”能精准概括该部分主旨。A选项仅提及低愉悦感的影响，不全面；C选项“人为何总是愤怒”范围过大；D选项“健康如何控制愤怒”与该部分内容不符，故选B。
55. 第二部分明确指出饥饿与愤怒或低愉悦感存在紧密联系，即饥饿会影响情绪，D选项表述正确。A选项“hangry是新词”与文中“It's not a new word.”不符；B选项“饿怒与压力有关”未在文中提及；C选项“饿怒完全无法控制”与文中“if people know they are hangry, they could better control their anger.”不符，故选D。
【答案】
51.D 52.C 53.A 54.B 55.D
【知识点】
科普类阅读理解、细节信息查找、主旨归纳
【点评】
本文选取三篇关于人体与行为、情绪关联的科普短文，题目以细节理解和主旨概括为主，既考查学生提取关键信息的能力，也引导学生了解相关科学常识，整体贴合日常认知，题型设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.6
