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四、阅读理解（共15分，每小题1分）
A
For hundreds of years, people have dreamed of a language that everyone in the world could speak. Some people today use an invented language known as Esperanto (世界语), which means “one who hopes”.
Esperanto was invented in 1887 by a doctor in Poland. Since then many people have learnt to speak and write the language. Esperanto is easy to learn because it has only a few simple rules. All nouns end in “o”, and each letter has just one sound. Also, many of Esperanto’s words are borrowed from other languages. For example, the Esperanto word for “telephone” is telefono. Some people say that Esperanto sounds similar to Spanish.
Some people would like to see Esperanto become more widely used. They believe that if all the people of the world could speak the same language, countries would get along better. Trade would be easier. Cultures could be shared, and close friendships would grow. Other people believe that Esperanto will never work. They think that people should use languages that have developed over time rather than ones that have been created all at once.
But Esperanto is becoming more popular. So far thousands of books and magazines have been printed in Esperanto. Some children in Hawaii even study Esperanto in schools. Will Esperanto be spoken by all the people in the future? It is difficult to predict, and only time will tell.
( ) 51. This article is mainly about __________.
A. a widely used language
B. an invented language
C. how to learn and speak a foreign language
D. the inventor of a new language
( ) 52. Which of the following is a fact in the article?
A. Thousands of books and magazines have been printed in Esperanto.
B. If everyone speaks Esperanto, trade will be easier.
C. People should use languages that have developed over time.
D. Esperanto will never work as a worldwide language.
A
For hundreds of years, people have dreamed of a language that everyone in the world could speak. Some people today use an invented language known as Esperanto (世界语), which means “one who hopes”.
Esperanto was invented in 1887 by a doctor in Poland. Since then many people have learnt to speak and write the language. Esperanto is easy to learn because it has only a few simple rules. All nouns end in “o”, and each letter has just one sound. Also, many of Esperanto’s words are borrowed from other languages. For example, the Esperanto word for “telephone” is telefono. Some people say that Esperanto sounds similar to Spanish.
Some people would like to see Esperanto become more widely used. They believe that if all the people of the world could speak the same language, countries would get along better. Trade would be easier. Cultures could be shared, and close friendships would grow. Other people believe that Esperanto will never work. They think that people should use languages that have developed over time rather than ones that have been created all at once.
But Esperanto is becoming more popular. So far thousands of books and magazines have been printed in Esperanto. Some children in Hawaii even study Esperanto in schools. Will Esperanto be spoken by all the people in the future? It is difficult to predict, and only time will tell.
( ) 51. This article is mainly about __________.
A. a widely used language
B. an invented language
C. how to learn and speak a foreign language
D. the inventor of a new language
( ) 52. Which of the following is a fact in the article?
A. Thousands of books and magazines have been printed in Esperanto.
B. If everyone speaks Esperanto, trade will be easier.
C. People should use languages that have developed over time.
D. Esperanto will never work as a worldwide language.
答案
B
How to be a safe and smart searcher?
Several keywords will help to find better results.
Use more than one keyword when you are doing a search. If you want to find out about seagulls, for example, search for “bird seagull” and not just “seagull”—because seagull might also be the name of just about anything else, from a hotel to a documentary film.
Exact reference can help you to find what you’re looking for.
If you are looking for an exact phrase or sentence, e.g. “seagulls are very clever”, type it between inverted commas (“ ”) and only exact matches will be shown. This is useful when you want to find something you’ve already seen but lost. Avoid common words like “a” or “the” in a search. These aren’t always helpful and are usually unnecessary. Remove unwanted results by adding a minus symbol (–). For example, “Seagull–hotel–film” would leave out all references to hotels and films.
Check your spelling.
Make sure that you spell every word in the search box correctly. The smallest typing mistakes can bring unwanted results—especially when the mistyped word exists.
Have a filter.
It’s a good idea to filter (过滤) your online searchers, especially when you are searching for pictures. Experiment with different search engines until you find the one that’s the best for you. Some search engines personalize the results, so check out the option of using a search engine that doesn’t do this and you will get different results. Reliability is very important when you search on the Internet. Don’t make the mistake of believing everything you see. Check your information on other websites before accepting it.
( ) 53. Which of the following things should you do as a smart searcher?
a. Use only one keyword in a single search.
b. Avoid terms like “a” or “the” in a search.
c. Choose your search engine carefully.
d. Pay no attention to small spelling mistakes.
e. Compare information from different sites.
A. abc
B. ace
C. bcd
D. bce
( ) 54. According to the passage, the minus symbol __________.
A. can make search results more exact
B. is equal to inverted commas in a search
C. is likely to give you a long list of results
D. is usually considered unnecessary in a search
( ) 55. From the passage, we know that a filtering system __________.
A. is used to tick out false information on a website
B. is especially important while searching for pictures
C. personalizes your results when you are doing a search
D. is useful to find something you’ve already seen but lost
How to be a safe and smart searcher?
Several keywords will help to find better results.
Use more than one keyword when you are doing a search. If you want to find out about seagulls, for example, search for “bird seagull” and not just “seagull”—because seagull might also be the name of just about anything else, from a hotel to a documentary film.
Exact reference can help you to find what you’re looking for.
If you are looking for an exact phrase or sentence, e.g. “seagulls are very clever”, type it between inverted commas (“ ”) and only exact matches will be shown. This is useful when you want to find something you’ve already seen but lost. Avoid common words like “a” or “the” in a search. These aren’t always helpful and are usually unnecessary. Remove unwanted results by adding a minus symbol (–). For example, “Seagull–hotel–film” would leave out all references to hotels and films.
Check your spelling.
Make sure that you spell every word in the search box correctly. The smallest typing mistakes can bring unwanted results—especially when the mistyped word exists.
Have a filter.
It’s a good idea to filter (过滤) your online searchers, especially when you are searching for pictures. Experiment with different search engines until you find the one that’s the best for you. Some search engines personalize the results, so check out the option of using a search engine that doesn’t do this and you will get different results. Reliability is very important when you search on the Internet. Don’t make the mistake of believing everything you see. Check your information on other websites before accepting it.
( ) 53. Which of the following things should you do as a smart searcher?
a. Use only one keyword in a single search.
b. Avoid terms like “a” or “the” in a search.
c. Choose your search engine carefully.
d. Pay no attention to small spelling mistakes.
e. Compare information from different sites.
A. abc
B. ace
C. bcd
D. bce
( ) 54. According to the passage, the minus symbol __________.
A. can make search results more exact
B. is equal to inverted commas in a search
C. is likely to give you a long list of results
D. is usually considered unnecessary in a search
( ) 55. From the passage, we know that a filtering system __________.
A. is used to tick out false information on a website
B. is especially important while searching for pictures
C. personalizes your results when you are doing a search
D. is useful to find something you’ve already seen but lost
答案
C
How would you like to live underground? Many families in the town of Coober Pedy, Australia, do just that. Their houses, called dugouts, are carved (挖) out of the earth. They are similar to common houses. They have kitchens, bedrooms, and living rooms, but they have few windows. Most of the light in the houses comes from lamps and overhead lights instead of direct sunlight.
People in the town build dugouts because of where they live. Coober Pedy is in a desert in southern Australia. The temperature can climb as high as 50°C in summer. It can plunge (骤降) as low as zero in winter. Dust storms and swarms of flies (苍蝇) can make life miserable. Underground, though, it is always a comfortable 23°C. People don’t even need fans.
Why would people want to live in such a place? Coober Pedy is an opal-mining (猫眼石矿) town. Opals are colourful stones used for jewellery. The mines (矿) in Coober Pedy produce most of the world’s opals. Early settlers (定居者) there realized that they could avoid the harsh temperatures by building their homes underground. Today almost half of the 3,500 people in the town live in dugouts. Restaurants, schools and other buildings are also underground. People enjoy their lives “down under”.
( ) 56. Where is the town of Coober Pedy?
A. In South Africa.
B. In North America.
C. In southern Australia.
D. In northern Australia.
( ) 57. What does the underlined word “miserable” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Boring.
B. Meaningful.
C. Busy.
D. Uncomfortable.
( ) 58. What is the main reason why people in Coober Pedy live underground?
A. To stay cool in summer and warm in winter.
B. To find opals underground.
C. To protect the desert where they live.
D. To avoid the strong sunshine in the desert.
( ) 59. Which is NOT true according to the article?
A. In Coober Pedy, almost half of the population live in underground dugouts.
B. The dugouts are the same as common houses.
C. Coober Pedy is the main opal-mining area in the world.
D. Coober Pedy is famous not only for its opals but also for its underground homes.
( ) 60. The purpose of this article is __________.
A. to tell about the history of making jewellery
B. to advise people to move to Coober Pedy
C. to tell people about an unusual town
D. to tell people how opals are taken out of mines
How would you like to live underground? Many families in the town of Coober Pedy, Australia, do just that. Their houses, called dugouts, are carved (挖) out of the earth. They are similar to common houses. They have kitchens, bedrooms, and living rooms, but they have few windows. Most of the light in the houses comes from lamps and overhead lights instead of direct sunlight.
People in the town build dugouts because of where they live. Coober Pedy is in a desert in southern Australia. The temperature can climb as high as 50°C in summer. It can plunge (骤降) as low as zero in winter. Dust storms and swarms of flies (苍蝇) can make life miserable. Underground, though, it is always a comfortable 23°C. People don’t even need fans.
Why would people want to live in such a place? Coober Pedy is an opal-mining (猫眼石矿) town. Opals are colourful stones used for jewellery. The mines (矿) in Coober Pedy produce most of the world’s opals. Early settlers (定居者) there realized that they could avoid the harsh temperatures by building their homes underground. Today almost half of the 3,500 people in the town live in dugouts. Restaurants, schools and other buildings are also underground. People enjoy their lives “down under”.
( ) 56. Where is the town of Coober Pedy?
A. In South Africa.
B. In North America.
C. In southern Australia.
D. In northern Australia.
( ) 57. What does the underlined word “miserable” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Boring.
B. Meaningful.
C. Busy.
D. Uncomfortable.
( ) 58. What is the main reason why people in Coober Pedy live underground?
A. To stay cool in summer and warm in winter.
B. To find opals underground.
C. To protect the desert where they live.
D. To avoid the strong sunshine in the desert.
( ) 59. Which is NOT true according to the article?
A. In Coober Pedy, almost half of the population live in underground dugouts.
B. The dugouts are the same as common houses.
C. Coober Pedy is the main opal-mining area in the world.
D. Coober Pedy is famous not only for its opals but also for its underground homes.
( ) 60. The purpose of this article is __________.
A. to tell about the history of making jewellery
B. to advise people to move to Coober Pedy
C. to tell people about an unusual town
D. to tell people how opals are taken out of mines
答案
D
Every year in early November, thousands of runners take part in a marathon in New York City. Most runners finish the race the same day they start, but Zoe Koplowitz does not finish the race until the next day. Because she has a disease called multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症), she walks with the aid of crutches (腋杖). She has become famous as the last person to cross the finish line.
In the 1970s, when Koplowitz first learnt she had this disease, her doctors told her not to work too hard. At that time doctors believed that exercise would make the conditions of patients worse. Koplowitz followed their advice. She had a job in an office, but she did not do any exercise. Then one day in 1988, she choked (噎住) on a pill and almost died. After that Koplowitz decided that she should live life to its fullest. She wanted to do things that doctors told her not to do, so she entered the famous New York City race.
Every year since 1988 friends and strangers have helped Koplowitz complete the 26-mile race. The route passes through neighbourhoods in every part of New York City. Koplowitz does not walk alone. Volunteers take turns to walk with her and protect her. All along the way, people look for her in her purple jacket and matching crutches. One restaurant on the route opens at about 3 a.m. in case (以防) Koplowitz needs something to drink. Most runners finish the long race in three to six hours. Koplowitz completes the race in about 28 hours, much longer than everyone else. No matter how long it takes, she always crosses the finish line.
Koplowitz wants to inspire people, especially children. By walking in the race, she hopes to show them that they can do anything they want to do, even if they have a disability.
( ) 61. In this article, the underlined word “marathon” means “__________”.
A. a charity
B. a long walk
C. a volunteer activity
D. a long race
( ) 62. Why has Koplowitz become famous?
A. Because she doesn’t give up.
B. Because she is the oldest runner in the race.
C. Because she has got a serious disease.
D. Because she is always the first person to cross the finish line.
( ) 63. What did Koplowitz’s doctors tell her?
A. Stay in bed.
B. Never do any exercise.
C. Never do any work.
D. Walk as often as she could.
( ) 64. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The New York City marathon takes place once a year.
B. It takes Koplowitz 28 hours to get to New York.
C. Koplowitz finishes the whole race with the help of many people.
D. Koplowitz wants to encourage people not to give up, especially children.
( ) 65. This article is mainly about __________.
A. the risk of running for people with multiple sclerosis
B. the excitement of a New York City marathon
C. Zoe Koplowitz’s living life to the fullest
D. how volunteers in New York work to help the disabled
Every year in early November, thousands of runners take part in a marathon in New York City. Most runners finish the race the same day they start, but Zoe Koplowitz does not finish the race until the next day. Because she has a disease called multiple sclerosis (多发性硬化症), she walks with the aid of crutches (腋杖). She has become famous as the last person to cross the finish line.
In the 1970s, when Koplowitz first learnt she had this disease, her doctors told her not to work too hard. At that time doctors believed that exercise would make the conditions of patients worse. Koplowitz followed their advice. She had a job in an office, but she did not do any exercise. Then one day in 1988, she choked (噎住) on a pill and almost died. After that Koplowitz decided that she should live life to its fullest. She wanted to do things that doctors told her not to do, so she entered the famous New York City race.
Every year since 1988 friends and strangers have helped Koplowitz complete the 26-mile race. The route passes through neighbourhoods in every part of New York City. Koplowitz does not walk alone. Volunteers take turns to walk with her and protect her. All along the way, people look for her in her purple jacket and matching crutches. One restaurant on the route opens at about 3 a.m. in case (以防) Koplowitz needs something to drink. Most runners finish the long race in three to six hours. Koplowitz completes the race in about 28 hours, much longer than everyone else. No matter how long it takes, she always crosses the finish line.
Koplowitz wants to inspire people, especially children. By walking in the race, she hopes to show them that they can do anything they want to do, even if they have a disability.
( ) 61. In this article, the underlined word “marathon” means “__________”.
A. a charity
B. a long walk
C. a volunteer activity
D. a long race
( ) 62. Why has Koplowitz become famous?
A. Because she doesn’t give up.
B. Because she is the oldest runner in the race.
C. Because she has got a serious disease.
D. Because she is always the first person to cross the finish line.
( ) 63. What did Koplowitz’s doctors tell her?
A. Stay in bed.
B. Never do any exercise.
C. Never do any work.
D. Walk as often as she could.
( ) 64. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The New York City marathon takes place once a year.
B. It takes Koplowitz 28 hours to get to New York.
C. Koplowitz finishes the whole race with the help of many people.
D. Koplowitz wants to encourage people not to give up, especially children.
( ) 65. This article is mainly about __________.
A. the risk of running for people with multiple sclerosis
B. the excitement of a New York City marathon
C. Zoe Koplowitz’s living life to the fullest
D. how volunteers in New York work to help the disabled
答案
