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四、阅读理解 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Spring Scene
The state is destroyed, but the country remains.
In the city in spring, grass, grows everywhere.
Feeling sad about the times, even the flowers cry.
Hating to part, hearing birds breaks our heart.
This famous poem was written by Du Fu (712-770, Tang Dynasty) when he found himself alone in Chang’an (now Xi’an), having no hope for his country. Du Fu was born in 712 in Gongyi, Henan Province. When he was a kid, he loved to read. “When I was in my seventh year, my mind was already full of heroic things. When I was in my ninth year, I had already written enough poems to fill a bag. At 14, I first began to read my poems in public,” he wrote.
In Du Fu’s teens, his family was rich enough to allow him to go traveling. China then was at the height of wealth under the amazing emperor Xuanzong of Tang. Among all the places Du Fu visited, there was a special one — Qufu, the birthplace of Confucius (孔子). The teachings of Confucius were Du Fu’s basic idea all his life. For Du Fu, his main goal of life was to help the emperor realize social . There were no big or sudden changes and people lived happily and worked without fighting or disagreeing with one another. But however much he wanted to achieve the goal, he was completely helpless. His dream of use power and fame was broken into a thousand pieces.
When Du Fu was about 30, came the meeting that changed his life with the poet Li Bai. Li Bai gave him a lot of inspiration in the art of poetry. But their poems were different. Li Bai’s poems were usually about nature, while Du Fu’s generally dealt with themes such as history and how people must live according to Confucianism.
In mid-December 755, a huge rebellion (叛乱) led by An Lushan broke out. After that Du Fu’s life was made up of short stops at different places. Through ups and downs, the poet never stopped writing, pouring out his worries about the country and people as well as celebrating simple joys of life. In 77, he died on a riverboat between Danzhou (now Changsha) and Yueyang, Hunan Province. But the cause of his death is still unknown.
Du Fu lived through the fall of China’s fantastic Tang dynasty. He wrote many poems to express feelings of the ordinary people, especially for the poor. He is better than anyone else at reflecting history in his works. As Shakespeare ( 莎士比亚) is to literature in English, so is the poet Du Fu to literature in Chinese.
(
A. 动荡
B. 萧条
C. 繁荣
D. 稳定
(
A. Du Fu is the greatest poet in Chinese history
B. Li Bai gave Du Fu inspiration in the art of poetry
C. Du Fu showed a gift for poems at a young age
D. An Lushan killed Du Fu secretly on a riverboat
(
A. The Fall of China’s Tang Dynasty
B. China’s Shakespeare: Du Fu
C. The Friendship between Two Great Poets
D. Chinese Literature Treasure: Du Fu’s Poems
Spring Scene
The state is destroyed, but the country remains.
In the city in spring, grass, grows everywhere.
Feeling sad about the times, even the flowers cry.
Hating to part, hearing birds breaks our heart.
This famous poem was written by Du Fu (712-770, Tang Dynasty) when he found himself alone in Chang’an (now Xi’an), having no hope for his country. Du Fu was born in 712 in Gongyi, Henan Province. When he was a kid, he loved to read. “When I was in my seventh year, my mind was already full of heroic things. When I was in my ninth year, I had already written enough poems to fill a bag. At 14, I first began to read my poems in public,” he wrote.
In Du Fu’s teens, his family was rich enough to allow him to go traveling. China then was at the height of wealth under the amazing emperor Xuanzong of Tang. Among all the places Du Fu visited, there was a special one — Qufu, the birthplace of Confucius (孔子). The teachings of Confucius were Du Fu’s basic idea all his life. For Du Fu, his main goal of life was to help the emperor realize social . There were no big or sudden changes and people lived happily and worked without fighting or disagreeing with one another. But however much he wanted to achieve the goal, he was completely helpless. His dream of use power and fame was broken into a thousand pieces.
When Du Fu was about 30, came the meeting that changed his life with the poet Li Bai. Li Bai gave him a lot of inspiration in the art of poetry. But their poems were different. Li Bai’s poems were usually about nature, while Du Fu’s generally dealt with themes such as history and how people must live according to Confucianism.
In mid-December 755, a huge rebellion (叛乱) led by An Lushan broke out. After that Du Fu’s life was made up of short stops at different places. Through ups and downs, the poet never stopped writing, pouring out his worries about the country and people as well as celebrating simple joys of life. In 77, he died on a riverboat between Danzhou (now Changsha) and Yueyang, Hunan Province. But the cause of his death is still unknown.
Du Fu lived through the fall of China’s fantastic Tang dynasty. He wrote many poems to express feelings of the ordinary people, especially for the poor. He is better than anyone else at reflecting history in his works. As Shakespeare ( 莎士比亚) is to literature in English, so is the poet Du Fu to literature in Chinese.
(
D
) 1. The underlined word “stability” in Paragraph 2 probably means .A. 动荡
B. 萧条
C. 繁荣
D. 稳定
(
B
) 2. According to the passage, we can infer that .A. Du Fu is the greatest poet in Chinese history
B. Li Bai gave Du Fu inspiration in the art of poetry
C. Du Fu showed a gift for poems at a young age
D. An Lushan killed Du Fu secretly on a riverboat
(
B
) 3. What would be the best title for the passage?A. The Fall of China’s Tang Dynasty
B. China’s Shakespeare: Du Fu
C. The Friendship between Two Great Poets
D. Chinese Literature Treasure: Du Fu’s Poems
答案
1. D 2. B 3. B
解析
翻译:
### 四、阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
#### 《春望》
国破山河在，
城春草木深。
感时花溅泪，
恨别鸟惊心。
这首名诗是杜甫（712 - 770，唐代）在长安（今西安）孤身一人、对国家前途感到绝望时所作。杜甫于712年出生在河南巩义。小时候，他就热爱读书。“七龄思即壮，开口咏凤凰。九龄书大字，有作成一囊。十四观群书，落笔超群英。”他曾这样写道。
杜甫十几岁时，家境殷实，足以支撑他外出游历。当时的中国在唐玄宗的统治下正处于鼎盛时期。在杜甫游历过的所有地方中，有一个地方很特别——曲阜，孔子的诞生地。孔子的学说贯穿了杜甫的一生。对杜甫来说，他一生的主要目标是辅佐君主实现社会稳定。没有大的或突然的变故，人们安居乐业，和睦相处，没有争斗和分歧。但无论他多么渴望实现这个目标，他都无能为力。他追求权力和声名的梦想破灭了。
杜甫大约30岁时，与诗人李白的相遇改变了他的一生。李白在诗歌艺术方面给了他很多启发。但他们的诗歌风格不同。李白的诗通常描写自然，而杜甫的诗一般涉及历史以及人们如何遵循儒家思想生活等主题。
755年12月中旬，安禄山发动了一场大规模叛乱。从那以后，杜甫的生活就是在不同的地方短暂停留。历经坎坷，这位诗人从未停止写作，他倾诉着对国家和人民的忧虑，也歌颂着生活中简单的快乐。770年，他在从潭州（今长沙）到湖南岳阳的一艘江船上去世。但他的死因至今仍不清楚。
杜甫经历了中国辉煌的唐朝的衰落。他写了很多诗来表达普通人的情感，尤其是穷人的情感。他在作品中反映历史的能力无人能及。正如莎士比亚之于英国文学，诗人杜甫之于中国文学亦是如此。
1. 第二段中划线单词“stability”的意思可能是__________。
A. 动荡
B. 萧条
C. 繁荣
D. 稳定
2. 根据文章，我们可以推断出__________。
A. 杜甫是中国历史上最伟大的诗人
B. 李白在诗歌艺术方面给了杜甫启发
C. 杜甫在很小的时候就展现出诗歌天赋
D. 安禄山在一艘江船上秘密杀害了杜甫
3. 这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？
A. 中国唐朝的衰落
B. 中国的莎士比亚：杜甫
C. 两位伟大诗人之间的友谊
D. 中国文学瑰宝：杜甫的诗
### 四、阅读理解
阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
#### 《春望》
国破山河在，
城春草木深。
感时花溅泪，
恨别鸟惊心。
这首名诗是杜甫（712 - 770，唐代）在长安（今西安）孤身一人、对国家前途感到绝望时所作。杜甫于712年出生在河南巩义。小时候，他就热爱读书。“七龄思即壮，开口咏凤凰。九龄书大字，有作成一囊。十四观群书，落笔超群英。”他曾这样写道。
杜甫十几岁时，家境殷实，足以支撑他外出游历。当时的中国在唐玄宗的统治下正处于鼎盛时期。在杜甫游历过的所有地方中，有一个地方很特别——曲阜，孔子的诞生地。孔子的学说贯穿了杜甫的一生。对杜甫来说，他一生的主要目标是辅佐君主实现社会稳定。没有大的或突然的变故，人们安居乐业，和睦相处，没有争斗和分歧。但无论他多么渴望实现这个目标，他都无能为力。他追求权力和声名的梦想破灭了。
杜甫大约30岁时，与诗人李白的相遇改变了他的一生。李白在诗歌艺术方面给了他很多启发。但他们的诗歌风格不同。李白的诗通常描写自然，而杜甫的诗一般涉及历史以及人们如何遵循儒家思想生活等主题。
755年12月中旬，安禄山发动了一场大规模叛乱。从那以后，杜甫的生活就是在不同的地方短暂停留。历经坎坷，这位诗人从未停止写作，他倾诉着对国家和人民的忧虑，也歌颂着生活中简单的快乐。770年，他在从潭州（今长沙）到湖南岳阳的一艘江船上去世。但他的死因至今仍不清楚。
杜甫经历了中国辉煌的唐朝的衰落。他写了很多诗来表达普通人的情感，尤其是穷人的情感。他在作品中反映历史的能力无人能及。正如莎士比亚之于英国文学，诗人杜甫之于中国文学亦是如此。
1. 第二段中划线单词“stability”的意思可能是__________。
A. 动荡
B. 萧条
C. 繁荣
D. 稳定
2. 根据文章，我们可以推断出__________。
A. 杜甫是中国历史上最伟大的诗人
B. 李白在诗歌艺术方面给了杜甫启发
C. 杜甫在很小的时候就展现出诗歌天赋
D. 安禄山在一艘江船上秘密杀害了杜甫
3. 这篇文章的最佳标题是什么？
A. 中国唐朝的衰落
B. 中国的莎士比亚：杜甫
C. 两位伟大诗人之间的友谊
D. 中国文学瑰宝：杜甫的诗
