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四、核心素养 中华优秀传统文化 阅读理解。
主题群:文学、艺术与体育 子主题:艺术形式 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
[2025 连云港市新海初级中学模拟]Chinese calligraphy has been treasured as one of the highest forms of art in China for over 3,000 years. It's not just beautiful writing—it carries the spirit and emotions of the writer. There are five main styles: seal script, clerical script, regular script(楷书), running script, and cursive script. Among these, regular script and running script are most widely used today.
Regular script, first developed in the Han Dynasty, is known for its clear structure and balanced lines. It's often recommended for beginners because it teaches basic brush control. Running script, created later, allows more freedom—characters flow like dancing ink, showing the writer's personality.
Wang Xizhi, from the Jin Dynasty, is called the "Sage of Calligraphy". His work *Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion* is considered the best example of running script. A famous saying describes good calligraphy, “like a soaring goose or swimming dragon”, meaning the characters should be full of life and movement.
True calligraphy masters follow three key principles: proper brush technique, correct ink density, and harmonious composition. More importantly, they believe “the heart leads the brush”—your inner feelings should guide your writing.
1. Which two calligraphy styles are most commonly used today?
A. Seal script and clerical script.
B. Cursive script and seal script.
C. Regular script and running script.
D. Clerical script and regular script.
2. What does the underlined saying describe?
A. The speed of writing.
B. The living spirit in characters.
C. The tools used in calligraphy.
D. The history of Chinese writing.
3. Which of the following shows the principle of “the heart leads the brush”?
A. Using proper brush technique.
B. Practising basic characters repeatedly.
C. Copying ancient masters' works exactly.
D. Expressing personal emotions through writing.
4. What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To compare different art forms.
B. To introduce calligraphy's key features.
C. To tell stories of famous calligraphers.
D. To explain how to choose calligraphy tools.
主题群:文学、艺术与体育 子主题:艺术形式 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
[2025 连云港市新海初级中学模拟]Chinese calligraphy has been treasured as one of the highest forms of art in China for over 3,000 years. It's not just beautiful writing—it carries the spirit and emotions of the writer. There are five main styles: seal script, clerical script, regular script(楷书), running script, and cursive script. Among these, regular script and running script are most widely used today.
Regular script, first developed in the Han Dynasty, is known for its clear structure and balanced lines. It's often recommended for beginners because it teaches basic brush control. Running script, created later, allows more freedom—characters flow like dancing ink, showing the writer's personality.
Wang Xizhi, from the Jin Dynasty, is called the "Sage of Calligraphy". His work *Preface to the Poems Composed at the Orchid Pavilion* is considered the best example of running script. A famous saying describes good calligraphy, “like a soaring goose or swimming dragon”, meaning the characters should be full of life and movement.
True calligraphy masters follow three key principles: proper brush technique, correct ink density, and harmonious composition. More importantly, they believe “the heart leads the brush”—your inner feelings should guide your writing.
1. Which two calligraphy styles are most commonly used today?
A. Seal script and clerical script.
B. Cursive script and seal script.
C. Regular script and running script.
D. Clerical script and regular script.
2. What does the underlined saying describe?
A. The speed of writing.
B. The living spirit in characters.
C. The tools used in calligraphy.
D. The history of Chinese writing.
3. Which of the following shows the principle of “the heart leads the brush”?
A. Using proper brush technique.
B. Practising basic characters repeatedly.
C. Copying ancient masters' works exactly.
D. Expressing personal emotions through writing.
4. What is the author's purpose of writing the passage?
A. To compare different art forms.
B. To introduce calligraphy's key features.
C. To tell stories of famous calligraphers.
D. To explain how to choose calligraphy tools.
答案
1. C
2. B 推理判断题。根据meaning the characters should be full of life and movement可知，画线的谚语描述了文字中的生命精神。
3. D 推理判断题。根据“More importantly, they believe ‘the heart leads the brush’—your inner feelings should guide your writing.”可知，选项D“通过写作表达个人情感”体现了“以心运笔”的原则。
4. B 推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文介绍了中国书法，包括其作为最高艺术形式之一的地位、3000多年历史、承载书写者精神情感的特点，五种主要风格（篆、隶、楷、行、草），以及楷书和行书的特点与应用，还提及书法名作、评价标准及书法大师遵循的原则与核心理念（“心为主导”）。
2. B 推理判断题。根据meaning the characters should be full of life and movement可知，画线的谚语描述了文字中的生命精神。
3. D 推理判断题。根据“More importantly, they believe ‘the heart leads the brush’—your inner feelings should guide your writing.”可知，选项D“通过写作表达个人情感”体现了“以心运笔”的原则。
4. B 推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，本文介绍了中国书法，包括其作为最高艺术形式之一的地位、3000多年历史、承载书写者精神情感的特点，五种主要风格（篆、隶、楷、行、草），以及楷书和行书的特点与应用，还提及书法名作、评价标准及书法大师遵循的原则与核心理念（“心为主导”）。
解析
【分析】这是一篇结合中华优秀传统文化的英语说明文阅读理解，包含细节理解、推理判断、主旨大意三类题型。解题思路：1. 细节题需精准定位原文对应句子，直接匹配选项；2. 推理题要结合原文关键词后的解释推导答案；3. 主旨题需通读全文梳理核心内容，判断作者写作目的。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段最后一句“Among these, regular script and running script are most widely used today.”可知，如今最常用的两种书法风格是楷书和行书，对应选项C。
2. 推理判断题：原文画线句后有解释“meaning the characters should be full of life and movement”，即文字应充满生命力与动感，对应选项B。
3. 推理判断题：原文第四段明确说明“the heart leads the brush”—your inner feelings should guide your writing，意为内心感受引导书写，即通过书写表达个人情感，对应选项D。
4. 主旨大意题：通读全文，作者介绍了中国书法的地位、历史、主要字体、名家作品及书法原则等核心内容，目的是介绍书法的关键特征，对应选项B。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解；中华优秀传统文化
【点评】本题以中国书法为主题，融合英语阅读与中华优秀传统文化，涵盖多种阅读题型，既考查学生的信息定位与逻辑推理能力，又渗透文化认知，难度适中，适合巩固英语阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段最后一句“Among these, regular script and running script are most widely used today.”可知，如今最常用的两种书法风格是楷书和行书，对应选项C。
2. 推理判断题：原文画线句后有解释“meaning the characters should be full of life and movement”，即文字应充满生命力与动感，对应选项B。
3. 推理判断题：原文第四段明确说明“the heart leads the brush”—your inner feelings should guide your writing，意为内心感受引导书写，即通过书写表达个人情感，对应选项D。
4. 主旨大意题：通读全文，作者介绍了中国书法的地位、历史、主要字体、名家作品及书法原则等核心内容，目的是介绍书法的关键特征，对应选项B。
【答案】1.C 2.B 3.D 4.B
【知识点】英语阅读理解；中华优秀传统文化
【点评】本题以中国书法为主题，融合英语阅读与中华优秀传统文化，涵盖多种阅读题型，既考查学生的信息定位与逻辑推理能力，又渗透文化认知，难度适中，适合巩固英语阅读解题技巧。
【难度系数】0.7
