二、短文填空
用方框中所给词填空,每个词限用一次。
create light, dived into, deep sea, protect, by all means, learn about
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the 1. ___. How deep is it? It’s about 11,000 metres deep! In 2020, China’s Fendouzhe successfully 2. ___ the Mariana Trench, going deeper than many other vessels in the world. Through this amazing journey, scientists hope to 3. ___ more about the unknown ocean floor.
What about deep-sea animals? They are large and unusual. Some are blind, but they can "see" their way around. Most surprisingly, some can even 4. ___ to live in the dark! However, a shocking fact was found: there is rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep in the deep sea!
This makes us realize we must 5. ___ the deep sea 6. ___. Let's work together to protect this mysterious world!
用方框中所给词填空,每个词限用一次。
create light, dived into, deep sea, protect, by all means, learn about
The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the 1. ___. How deep is it? It’s about 11,000 metres deep! In 2020, China’s Fendouzhe successfully 2. ___ the Mariana Trench, going deeper than many other vessels in the world. Through this amazing journey, scientists hope to 3. ___ more about the unknown ocean floor.
What about deep-sea animals? They are large and unusual. Some are blind, but they can "see" their way around. Most surprisingly, some can even 4. ___ to live in the dark! However, a shocking fact was found: there is rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep in the deep sea!
This makes us realize we must 5. ___ the deep sea 6. ___. Let's work together to protect this mysterious world!
答案
1. deep sea 2. dived into 3. learn about
4. create light 5. protect 6. by all means
4. create light 5. protect 6. by all means
解析
【分析】
本题为短文选词填空题,解题思路为:先通读全文把握主旨(介绍马里亚纳海沟、中国奋斗者号下潜情况、深海动物特点及呼吁保护深海);再结合每个空的句子语境、语法结构,匹配所给短语的含义,逐一确定答案:
1. 第1空需填表示“深海”的短语,对应马里亚纳海沟的属性;
2. 第2空对应2020年的过去动作,需填表示“下潜到”的过去式短语;
3. 第3空需填符合hope to do结构、表示“了解”的短语;
4. 第4空对应深海动物在黑暗中“看见”的特点,需填表示“创造光”的短语;
5. 第5空对应发现深海垃圾后呼吁的动作,需填表示“保护”的动词;
6. 第6空对应呼吁的语气,需填表示“务必”的短语。
【解析】
1. 句意:马里亚纳海沟是深海的最深部分。deep sea意为“深海”,符合语境,故填deep sea;
2. 句意:2020年,中国奋斗者号成功下潜马里亚纳海沟。dived into是dive into的过去式,意为“下潜到”,对应2020年的过去时间,故填dived into;
3. 句意:通过这次奇妙的旅程,科学家希望更多了解未知的海底。learn about意为“了解”,符合hope to do(希望做某事)的结构,故填learn about;
4. 句意:最令人惊讶的是,一些深海动物甚至能创造光在黑暗中生存。create light意为“创造光”,对应前文提到的深海动物能“see”的特点,符合语境,故填create light;
5. 句意:这让我们意识到我们必须保护深海。protect意为“保护”,符合发现深海有垃圾后呼吁的动作,故填protect;
6. 句意:让我们一起务必保护这个神秘的世界。by all means意为“务必、一定”,符合呼吁的语气,故填by all means。
【答案】
1. deep sea 2. dived into 3. learn about 4. create light 5. protect 6. by all means
【知识点】
短文选词填空;短语辨析;语境理解
【点评】
本题考查学生对常用短语的含义理解及在具体语境中的运用能力,需结合上下文逻辑和语法结构选择合适的短语,是初中英语常见的基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为短文选词填空题,解题思路为:先通读全文把握主旨(介绍马里亚纳海沟、中国奋斗者号下潜情况、深海动物特点及呼吁保护深海);再结合每个空的句子语境、语法结构,匹配所给短语的含义,逐一确定答案:
1. 第1空需填表示“深海”的短语,对应马里亚纳海沟的属性;
2. 第2空对应2020年的过去动作,需填表示“下潜到”的过去式短语;
3. 第3空需填符合hope to do结构、表示“了解”的短语;
4. 第4空对应深海动物在黑暗中“看见”的特点,需填表示“创造光”的短语;
5. 第5空对应发现深海垃圾后呼吁的动作,需填表示“保护”的动词;
6. 第6空对应呼吁的语气,需填表示“务必”的短语。
【解析】
1. 句意:马里亚纳海沟是深海的最深部分。deep sea意为“深海”,符合语境,故填deep sea;
2. 句意:2020年,中国奋斗者号成功下潜马里亚纳海沟。dived into是dive into的过去式,意为“下潜到”,对应2020年的过去时间,故填dived into;
3. 句意:通过这次奇妙的旅程,科学家希望更多了解未知的海底。learn about意为“了解”,符合hope to do(希望做某事)的结构,故填learn about;
4. 句意:最令人惊讶的是,一些深海动物甚至能创造光在黑暗中生存。create light意为“创造光”,对应前文提到的深海动物能“see”的特点,符合语境,故填create light;
5. 句意:这让我们意识到我们必须保护深海。protect意为“保护”,符合发现深海有垃圾后呼吁的动作,故填protect;
6. 句意:让我们一起务必保护这个神秘的世界。by all means意为“务必、一定”,符合呼吁的语气,故填by all means。
【答案】
1. deep sea 2. dived into 3. learn about 4. create light 5. protect 6. by all means
【知识点】
短文选词填空;短语辨析;语境理解
【点评】
本题考查学生对常用短语的含义理解及在具体语境中的运用能力,需结合上下文逻辑和语法结构选择合适的短语,是初中英语常见的基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
三、阅读理解

( )1. Poyang Lake is ___.
A. the largest lake in China B. a freshwater lake
C. in Qinghai Province D. in the north of China
( )2. Poyang Lake is a great place to___.
A. go fishing B. go boating
C. watch birds D. watch stars
( )3. ___ is the largest freshwater lake in the world.
A. Poyang Lake
B. Lake Superior
C. Qinghai Lake
D. Lake Tanganyika
( )4. Which of the following is TRUE about Lake Superior?
A. It's in South America.
B. It's 257 km long.
C. It's the deepest lake in the world.
D. It's home to many kinds of fishes.
( )5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The world's largest freshwater lake is in Africa.
B. Lake Superior is much longer than Poyang Lake.
C. Poyang Lake is much wider than Lake Superior.
D. Qinghai Lake is the second largest lake in China.
( )1. Poyang Lake is ___.
A. the largest lake in China B. a freshwater lake
C. in Qinghai Province D. in the north of China
( )2. Poyang Lake is a great place to___.
A. go fishing B. go boating
C. watch birds D. watch stars
( )3. ___ is the largest freshwater lake in the world.
A. Poyang Lake
B. Lake Superior
C. Qinghai Lake
D. Lake Tanganyika
( )4. Which of the following is TRUE about Lake Superior?
A. It's in South America.
B. It's 257 km long.
C. It's the deepest lake in the world.
D. It's home to many kinds of fishes.
( )5. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The world's largest freshwater lake is in Africa.
B. Lake Superior is much longer than Poyang Lake.
C. Poyang Lake is much wider than Lake Superior.
D. Qinghai Lake is the second largest lake in China.
答案
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B
解析
【分析】
本题为关于鄱阳湖和苏必利尔湖的阅读理解细节题,解题思路为:先通读原文,明确两个湖泊的关键信息;再针对每个题目,定位原文对应内容,逐一对比选项,排除不符合原文的错误选项,选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文对鄱阳湖的描述:“It's the largest freshwater lake in China.”,可知它是淡水湖。A选项错误(原文提到它是中国第二大湖,仅次于青海湖);C选项错误(它位于江西省北部,而非青海省);D选项错误(它在江西省北部,并非中国北部),故答案为B。
2. 原文提到鄱阳湖“It's home to over three hundred kinds of birds.”,说明它是观鸟的好去处,A(钓鱼)、B(划船)、D(看星星)均无依据,故答案为C。
3. 原文对苏必利尔湖的描述:“It's the largest freshwater lake in the world.”,故答案为B。
4. 分析苏必利尔湖的选项:A选项错误(它位于北美洲,非南美洲);B选项错误(它宽257km,长616km);C选项错误(原文未提及它是世界最深湖);D选项正确(原文提到“There are over 80 kinds of fishes in Lake Superior.”),故答案为D。
5. 逐一分析选项:A选项错误(世界最大淡水湖在北美洲);B选项:苏必利尔湖长约616km,鄱阳湖原文未提长度,结合选项逻辑,该表述正确;C选项错误(原文未提及鄱阳湖宽度,无法比较);D选项错误(青海湖是中国最大湖,鄱阳湖是第二大),故答案为B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解
【点评】
本题为细节类阅读理解题,侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力,题目难度适中,只要认真对应原文内容即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为关于鄱阳湖和苏必利尔湖的阅读理解细节题,解题思路为:先通读原文,明确两个湖泊的关键信息;再针对每个题目,定位原文对应内容,逐一对比选项,排除不符合原文的错误选项,选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 定位原文对鄱阳湖的描述:“It's the largest freshwater lake in China.”,可知它是淡水湖。A选项错误(原文提到它是中国第二大湖,仅次于青海湖);C选项错误(它位于江西省北部,而非青海省);D选项错误(它在江西省北部,并非中国北部),故答案为B。
2. 原文提到鄱阳湖“It's home to over three hundred kinds of birds.”,说明它是观鸟的好去处,A(钓鱼)、B(划船)、D(看星星)均无依据,故答案为C。
3. 原文对苏必利尔湖的描述:“It's the largest freshwater lake in the world.”,故答案为B。
4. 分析苏必利尔湖的选项:A选项错误(它位于北美洲,非南美洲);B选项错误(它宽257km,长616km);C选项错误(原文未提及它是世界最深湖);D选项正确(原文提到“There are over 80 kinds of fishes in Lake Superior.”),故答案为D。
5. 逐一分析选项:A选项错误(世界最大淡水湖在北美洲);B选项:苏必利尔湖长约616km,鄱阳湖原文未提长度,结合选项逻辑,该表述正确;C选项错误(原文未提及鄱阳湖宽度,无法比较);D选项错误(青海湖是中国最大湖,鄱阳湖是第二大),故答案为B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节理解
【点评】
本题为细节类阅读理解题,侧重考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力,题目难度适中,只要认真对应原文内容即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
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