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A
体裁：应用文 主题：地理概况 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：6 min 正确率： /3
Alex and his classmates are working on a project about the Great Lakes. Here is the information sheet they have made.
Part 1：Facts
The Great Lakes—Ontario，Huron，Michigan，Erie and Superior—are five freshwater giants. They span across eight US states and two Canadian provinces.
Part 2：Comparison
●Lake Ontario
This lake has the smallest surface area of 7,336 square miles. Three dams(坝) control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic.
●Lake Huron
This is the second-largest lake by surface area in the system and home to Manitoulin Island，the world's largest freshwater island.
●Lake Michigan
It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile-wide Straits(海峡) of Mackinac，though they are still classed as two separate bodies.
●Lake Erie
With a depth of 64 metres，this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. It is generally the warmest，but also gets frozen more quickly than the others.
●Lake Superior
At 406 metres deep，the distance from the lake's surface to its deepest point is about the same as the length of four football pitches.
Part 3：
Covering an area of 94,250 square miles，these huge bodies of water take up more than one-fifth of the world's total freshwater. The Great Lakes provide drinking water for more than 40 million people，important shipping routes for more than 800 ocean ships，and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture. They also support wildlife，the national economy and the environment.
1. 新趋势·创新设问 Alex draws a map of the Great Lakes. Which number stands for Lake Ontario?
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
2. Alex wants to try ice fishing as early as possible. Which lake will he most probably choose?
A. Lake Superior.
B. Lake Erie.
C. Lake Michigan.
D. Lake Huron.
3. 新趋势·补全文章 Alex finds something missing in Part 3. Which of the following will he put in the empty box?
A. Value.
B. Change.
C. Protection.
D. Development.
体裁：应用文 主题：地理概况 难度：★★★★ 建议用时：6 min 正确率： /3
Alex and his classmates are working on a project about the Great Lakes. Here is the information sheet they have made.
Part 1：Facts
The Great Lakes—Ontario，Huron，Michigan，Erie and Superior—are five freshwater giants. They span across eight US states and two Canadian provinces.
Part 2：Comparison
●Lake Ontario
This lake has the smallest surface area of 7,336 square miles. Three dams(坝) control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic.
●Lake Huron
This is the second-largest lake by surface area in the system and home to Manitoulin Island，the world's largest freshwater island.
●Lake Michigan
It is joined to Lake Huron by the five-mile-wide Straits(海峡) of Mackinac，though they are still classed as two separate bodies.
●Lake Erie
With a depth of 64 metres，this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. It is generally the warmest，but also gets frozen more quickly than the others.
●Lake Superior
At 406 metres deep，the distance from the lake's surface to its deepest point is about the same as the length of four football pitches.
Part 3：
A
Covering an area of 94,250 square miles，these huge bodies of water take up more than one-fifth of the world's total freshwater. The Great Lakes provide drinking water for more than 40 million people，important shipping routes for more than 800 ocean ships，and keep a rich ecosystem for fishing and agriculture. They also support wildlife，the national economy and the environment.
1. 新趋势·创新设问 Alex draws a map of the Great Lakes. Which number stands for Lake Ontario?
A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④
2. Alex wants to try ice fishing as early as possible. Which lake will he most probably choose?
A. Lake Superior.
B. Lake Erie.
C. Lake Michigan.
D. Lake Huron.
3. 新趋势·补全文章 Alex finds something missing in Part 3. Which of the following will he put in the empty box?
A. Value.
B. Change.
C. Protection.
D. Development.
答案
A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了五大湖的基本事实、湖泊间的对比和价值。
1. D 推理判断题。根据“This lake has the smallest surface area of 7,336 square miles. Three dams control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic.”可知安大略湖的表面积最小，三座水坝控制着下游的水流，并设有水闸，使船只可以从大西洋进入，根据地图中标注的湖泊面积大小关系和三座水坝可知④符合。故选 D。
2. B 细节理解题。根据“●Lake Erie With a depth of 64 metres, this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. It is generally the warmest, but also gets frozen more quickly than the others.”可知伊利湖最早结冰，适合最早尝试冰钓。故选 B。
＞＞语义转换题
3. A 补全文章题。根据“The Great Lakes provide drinking water for more than 40 million people... They also support wildlife, the national economy and the environment.”可知五大湖为 4000 多万人提供饮用水，为 800 多艘远洋船只提供重要的航运路线，为渔业和农业保持丰富的生态系统，支持野生动物、国家经济和环境，这是五大湖的“价值”。故选 A。
1. D 推理判断题。根据“This lake has the smallest surface area of 7,336 square miles. Three dams control the flow of water downstream and include locks so boats can enter from the Atlantic.”可知安大略湖的表面积最小，三座水坝控制着下游的水流，并设有水闸，使船只可以从大西洋进入，根据地图中标注的湖泊面积大小关系和三座水坝可知④符合。故选 D。
2. B 细节理解题。根据“●Lake Erie With a depth of 64 metres, this is the shallowest of the Great Lakes. It is generally the warmest, but also gets frozen more quickly than the others.”可知伊利湖最早结冰，适合最早尝试冰钓。故选 B。
＞＞语义转换题
3. A 补全文章题。根据“The Great Lakes provide drinking water for more than 40 million people... They also support wildlife, the national economy and the environment.”可知五大湖为 4000 多万人提供饮用水，为 800 多艘远洋船只提供重要的航运路线，为渔业和农业保持丰富的生态系统，支持野生动物、国家经济和环境，这是五大湖的“价值”。故选 A。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题：需提取文中关于Lake Ontario的关键特征（最小表面积、三座水坝），结合地图的标注信息，匹配对应序号。
2. 第2题：定位各湖泊的结冰时间描述，找到最早结冰的湖泊，满足冰钓“最早尝试”的需求。
3. 第3题：分析Part3的内容，总结其核心主旨，匹配选项中的词汇。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文中“Lake Ontario has the smallest surface area... Three dams control the flow”，结合地图，④处有三座水坝，符合安大略湖的特征，故选D。
2. 第2题：文中提到“Lake Erie... gets frozen more quickly than the others”，因此伊利湖最早结冰，适合最早尝试冰钓，故选B。
3. 第3题：Part3内容讲述五大湖提供饮用水、航运、生态等作用，核心是其价值，故选A。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. A
【知识点】
阅读理解（应用文）、地理常识（五大湖概况）
【点评】
本题为结合地理知识的应用文阅读题，考查细节查找、推理判断和内容补全能力，需精准定位文中关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4
1. 第1题：需提取文中关于Lake Ontario的关键特征（最小表面积、三座水坝），结合地图的标注信息，匹配对应序号。
2. 第2题：定位各湖泊的结冰时间描述，找到最早结冰的湖泊，满足冰钓“最早尝试”的需求。
3. 第3题：分析Part3的内容，总结其核心主旨，匹配选项中的词汇。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文中“Lake Ontario has the smallest surface area... Three dams control the flow”，结合地图，④处有三座水坝，符合安大略湖的特征，故选D。
2. 第2题：文中提到“Lake Erie... gets frozen more quickly than the others”，因此伊利湖最早结冰，适合最早尝试冰钓，故选B。
3. 第3题：Part3内容讲述五大湖提供饮用水、航运、生态等作用，核心是其价值，故选A。
【答案】
1. D 2. B 3. A
【知识点】
阅读理解（应用文）、地理常识（五大湖概况）
【点评】
本题为结合地理知识的应用文阅读题，考查细节查找、推理判断和内容补全能力，需精准定位文中关键信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4
