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二、真题分析
In today's world of modern science and medicine, a more traditional treatment is once again becoming popular—animal friendship.
It is now well-known that people with problems such as heart disease or cancer live longer and get better more quickly if they have pets. Keeping pets lowers blood pressure and makes people less worried. Animals are increasingly important in treating older people who have memory loss and other brain problems. These people often feel nervous and upset. Activities with animals help them improve their physical condition and also give them joy, entertainment and loving friendship.
Here is a case that shows the benefits of animals. John was a six-year-old mute.
He had no physical problems. He just refused to talk. His older cousin, Ned, has a parrot called Sally, and John used to visit it. When he arrived, Ned used to say, "Hi,
John!" We all know parrots copy what they hear. After a few visits, Sally began saying
"Hi, John!" when John came into the room. Then, one day, John turned to the parrot and replied "Hi, Sally!" Staying with the parrot encouraged John to begin talking.
Another use of animal helpers is in schools. In some cases, animals are used to help children with physical or personal problems. In other cases, they are used to teach children to get on and share with others, and even to teach them about animals.
If you want to know more about animal helper programmes, you can get in touch with organizations like Riding for the Disabled or do a search under "animal therapy" on the Internet. You don't have to be an animal trainer or a doctor to join in.
1. Which is NOT mentioned as an illness that animals can help with?
A. Heart disease. B. Cancer.
C. Fever. D. Blood pressure.
2. The underlined word "mute" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to "".
A. a person who speaks slowly B. a person who does not speak
C. a person who cannot hear D. a person who enjoys talking
3. The purpose of paragraph 3 is to .
A. show how animals can help with illnesses
B. discuss the problems of keeping pets
C. discuss how to train animal helpers
D. introduce some new medical research
4. How can animals help school children according to the passage?
A. They can improve children's memory.
B. They can make children more popular.
C. They can increase children's blood pressure.
D. They can teach children to share with each other.
5. What is the best title of this passage?
A. Be kind to animals B. Talking to animals
C. The most dangerous diseases D. Get healthy with animal helpers
2014年广州市中考阅读理解
▲题型概说与分析
语篇解读:本文是一篇科普文,说明动物疗法在治疗人类身心疾病方面的好处及应用,鼓励大家了解更多关于动物成为人类好帮手的知识。
试题解读:题目考查细节理解题2题、推理判断题1题、猜测词义题1题、主旨大意题1题。
1. 答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中出现的"...people with problems such as heart disease or cancer live longer and get better more quickly if they have pets. Keeping pets lowers blood pressure and makes people less worried."可得出C项fever未被提及。
2. 答案:B
解析:猜测词义题。根据第三段内容"He had no physical problems. He just refused to talk."和"Staying with the parrot encouraged John to begin talking."可判断出mute的含义是"缄默的、无声的人"。
3. 答案:A
解析:推理判断题。本段第一句是中心句,根据中心句"Here is a case that shows the benefits of animals."可知本段主要通过案例分析动物的好处。
4. 答案:D
解析:细节理解题。题目规定的范围是school children,从文章第四段最后一句"they are used to teach children to get on and share with others"可得出正确选项为D。
5. 答案:D
解析:主旨大意题。本题要求学生通读并理解全文后,对文章的主旨大意进行概括。从文章各段首句可得出文章的主旨就是讲述动物助手对人类健康的好处。所以正确选项为D。
In today's world of modern science and medicine, a more traditional treatment is once again becoming popular—animal friendship.
It is now well-known that people with problems such as heart disease or cancer live longer and get better more quickly if they have pets. Keeping pets lowers blood pressure and makes people less worried. Animals are increasingly important in treating older people who have memory loss and other brain problems. These people often feel nervous and upset. Activities with animals help them improve their physical condition and also give them joy, entertainment and loving friendship.
Here is a case that shows the benefits of animals. John was a six-year-old mute.
He had no physical problems. He just refused to talk. His older cousin, Ned, has a parrot called Sally, and John used to visit it. When he arrived, Ned used to say, "Hi,
John!" We all know parrots copy what they hear. After a few visits, Sally began saying
"Hi, John!" when John came into the room. Then, one day, John turned to the parrot and replied "Hi, Sally!" Staying with the parrot encouraged John to begin talking.
Another use of animal helpers is in schools. In some cases, animals are used to help children with physical or personal problems. In other cases, they are used to teach children to get on and share with others, and even to teach them about animals.
If you want to know more about animal helper programmes, you can get in touch with organizations like Riding for the Disabled or do a search under "animal therapy" on the Internet. You don't have to be an animal trainer or a doctor to join in.
1. Which is NOT mentioned as an illness that animals can help with?
A. Heart disease. B. Cancer.
C. Fever. D. Blood pressure.
2. The underlined word "mute" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to "".
A. a person who speaks slowly B. a person who does not speak
C. a person who cannot hear D. a person who enjoys talking
3. The purpose of paragraph 3 is to .
A. show how animals can help with illnesses
B. discuss the problems of keeping pets
C. discuss how to train animal helpers
D. introduce some new medical research
4. How can animals help school children according to the passage?
A. They can improve children's memory.
B. They can make children more popular.
C. They can increase children's blood pressure.
D. They can teach children to share with each other.
5. What is the best title of this passage?
A. Be kind to animals B. Talking to animals
C. The most dangerous diseases D. Get healthy with animal helpers
2014年广州市中考阅读理解
▲题型概说与分析
语篇解读:本文是一篇科普文,说明动物疗法在治疗人类身心疾病方面的好处及应用,鼓励大家了解更多关于动物成为人类好帮手的知识。
试题解读:题目考查细节理解题2题、推理判断题1题、猜测词义题1题、主旨大意题1题。
1. 答案:C
解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中出现的"...people with problems such as heart disease or cancer live longer and get better more quickly if they have pets. Keeping pets lowers blood pressure and makes people less worried."可得出C项fever未被提及。
2. 答案:B
解析:猜测词义题。根据第三段内容"He had no physical problems. He just refused to talk."和"Staying with the parrot encouraged John to begin talking."可判断出mute的含义是"缄默的、无声的人"。
3. 答案:A
解析:推理判断题。本段第一句是中心句,根据中心句"Here is a case that shows the benefits of animals."可知本段主要通过案例分析动物的好处。
4. 答案:D
解析:细节理解题。题目规定的范围是school children,从文章第四段最后一句"they are used to teach children to get on and share with others"可得出正确选项为D。
5. 答案:D
解析:主旨大意题。本题要求学生通读并理解全文后,对文章的主旨大意进行概括。从文章各段首句可得出文章的主旨就是讲述动物助手对人类健康的好处。所以正确选项为D。
答案
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. D
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. D
解析
【分析】
本题是2014年广州市中考英语阅读理解真题，属于科普说明文，共5道题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、段落目的（推理判断）、主旨大意类题型。解题时需：1. 细节题需精准定位原文对应信息，排除未提及内容；2. 词义猜测题结合上下文语境推导词义；3. 段落目的题找段落中心句明确核心；4. 主旨题需通读全文归纳核心内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据文章第二段“people with problems such as heart disease or cancer... Keeping pets lowers blood pressure...”可知，提到的相关病症有心脏病、癌症，还提及养宠物可降低血压，未提到发烧，故选C。
2. 词义猜测题：根据第三段“He just refused to talk”及“Staying with the parrot encouraged John to begin talking”可知，John是不说话的人，故“mute”意为“不说话的人”，选B。
3. 推理判断题：第三段首句“Here is a case that shows the benefits of animals.”是段落中心句，说明本段通过案例展示动物的益处，故选A。
4. 细节理解题：根据第四段“they are used to teach children to get on and share with others”可知，动物能帮助学校孩子学会互相分享，故选D。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕动物助手对人类健康的好处展开，核心是借助动物助手促进健康，故选D。
【答案】
1.C
2.B
3.A
4.D
5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题考查学生对科普类阅读的解题能力，涵盖中考常见的阅读题型，需学生具备信息定位、语境分析、主旨归纳的能力，整体难度适中，符合中考英语的考查方向。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是2014年广州市中考英语阅读理解真题，属于科普说明文，共5道题，涵盖细节理解、词义猜测、段落目的（推理判断）、主旨大意类题型。解题时需：1. 细节题需精准定位原文对应信息，排除未提及内容；2. 词义猜测题结合上下文语境推导词义；3. 段落目的题找段落中心句明确核心；4. 主旨题需通读全文归纳核心内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据文章第二段“people with problems such as heart disease or cancer... Keeping pets lowers blood pressure...”可知，提到的相关病症有心脏病、癌症，还提及养宠物可降低血压，未提到发烧，故选C。
2. 词义猜测题：根据第三段“He just refused to talk”及“Staying with the parrot encouraged John to begin talking”可知，John是不说话的人，故“mute”意为“不说话的人”，选B。
3. 推理判断题：第三段首句“Here is a case that shows the benefits of animals.”是段落中心句，说明本段通过案例展示动物的益处，故选A。
4. 细节理解题：根据第四段“they are used to teach children to get on and share with others”可知，动物能帮助学校孩子学会互相分享，故选D。
5. 主旨大意题：全文围绕动物助手对人类健康的好处展开，核心是借助动物助手促进健康，故选D。
【答案】
1.C
2.B
3.A
4.D
5.D
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题考查学生对科普类阅读的解题能力，涵盖中考常见的阅读题型，需学生具备信息定位、语境分析、主旨归纳的能力，整体难度适中，符合中考英语的考查方向。
【难度系数】
0.6
