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阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。（注意每小题的词数要求）
Scientists regard water as an important sign that life may be possible. Studies show that about three to four billion years ago, Mars once had rivers and lakes. However, scientists were puzzled for many years because they could not find recent evidence of water on Mars.
In December 2006, NASA released new images that changed everything. The images showed light-coloured deposits（沉积物） on the Martian surface. These deposits looked like they were left by running water, and each one was several hundred metres long. Scientists were excited because this suggested that water might still exist on Mars today.
In 2024, scientists made an interesting discovery based on data from NASA. Deep underneath the surface of Mars, scientists found evidence suggesting a large amount of liquid water trapped underground. Scientists guessed that the amount of water was so huge that it could cover the entire planet's surface.
Then, the Mars rover Perseverance discovered rocks that showed the strongest signs of ancient life on the planet. Perseverance has been exploring Mars since 2021. Although it cannot directly discover life, it checks rocks with lasers and collects samples(样本). These samples must be sent back to Earth for scientists to confirm any signs of life.
★ Fill in the table with the missing words and answer the following questions.
Liquid Water on Mars
4. How long has Perseverance been exploring Mars?
（不超过10词）
5. Do you think humans will find life on Mars one day? Why or why not?
（不超过20词）
Scientists regard water as an important sign that life may be possible. Studies show that about three to four billion years ago, Mars once had rivers and lakes. However, scientists were puzzled for many years because they could not find recent evidence of water on Mars.
In December 2006, NASA released new images that changed everything. The images showed light-coloured deposits（沉积物） on the Martian surface. These deposits looked like they were left by running water, and each one was several hundred metres long. Scientists were excited because this suggested that water might still exist on Mars today.
In 2024, scientists made an interesting discovery based on data from NASA. Deep underneath the surface of Mars, scientists found evidence suggesting a large amount of liquid water trapped underground. Scientists guessed that the amount of water was so huge that it could cover the entire planet's surface.
Then, the Mars rover Perseverance discovered rocks that showed the strongest signs of ancient life on the planet. Perseverance has been exploring Mars since 2021. Although it cannot directly discover life, it checks rocks with lasers and collects samples(样本). These samples must be sent back to Earth for scientists to confirm any signs of life.
★ Fill in the table with the missing words and answer the following questions.
Liquid Water on Mars
4. How long has Perseverance been exploring Mars?
（不超过10词）
5. Do you think humans will find life on Mars one day? Why or why not?
（不超过20词）
答案
1. December 2006
2. liquid water
3. running water
4. One possible version: It has been exploring Mars since 2021.
5. Two possible versions:
Yes, I think so. Because scientists have found evidence of underground water and possible clues to ancient life there.
No, I don't think so. Mars is too cold and dry for life to survive.
2. liquid water
3. running water
4. One possible version: It has been exploring Mars since 2021.
5. Two possible versions:
Yes, I think so. Because scientists have found evidence of underground water and possible clues to ancient life there.
No, I don't think so. Mars is too cold and dry for life to survive.
解析
【分析】
本题为阅读理解填空题与开放性问答题，需先定位原文对应信息，再严格按照词数要求作答：
1. 第1题：定位NASA发布流水沉积物图片的时间，提取原文对应时间；
2. 第2题：定位2024年发现的火星地下储存物，提取核心名词；
3. 第3题：定位火星沉积物的形成原因，提取对应短语；
4. 第4题：定位毅力号开始探索火星的时间，按要求回答时长；
5. 第5题：结合原文提及的火星水、古代生命迹象等信息，给出合理观点及理由，符合词数限制。
【解析】
1. 由原文第二段第一句“In December 2006, NASA released new images that changed everything.”可知，对应时间为December 2006；
2. 由原文第三段“In 2024... found evidence suggesting a large amount of liquid water trapped underground.”可知，发现的是liquid water；
3. 由原文第二段“These deposits looked like they were left by running water.”可知，沉积物由running water留下；
4. 由原文第四段“Perseverance has been exploring Mars since 2021.”可知，回答为It has been exploring Mars since 2021；
5. 开放性问题，结合文本内容或火星环境，给出合理回答即可。
【答案】
1. December 2006
2. liquid water
3. running water
4. It has been exploring Mars since 2021.
5. 示例1：Yes, I think so. Because scientists have found evidence of underground water and possible clues to ancient life there.
示例2：No, I don't think so. Mars is too cold and dry for life to survive.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节题、开放性问答
【点评】
本题考查学生的信息定位能力和语言表达能力，细节题可通过原文直接定位答案，开放性问题需结合文本内容合理作答，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
本题为阅读理解填空题与开放性问答题，需先定位原文对应信息，再严格按照词数要求作答：
1. 第1题：定位NASA发布流水沉积物图片的时间，提取原文对应时间；
2. 第2题：定位2024年发现的火星地下储存物，提取核心名词；
3. 第3题：定位火星沉积物的形成原因，提取对应短语；
4. 第4题：定位毅力号开始探索火星的时间，按要求回答时长；
5. 第5题：结合原文提及的火星水、古代生命迹象等信息，给出合理观点及理由，符合词数限制。
【解析】
1. 由原文第二段第一句“In December 2006, NASA released new images that changed everything.”可知，对应时间为December 2006；
2. 由原文第三段“In 2024... found evidence suggesting a large amount of liquid water trapped underground.”可知，发现的是liquid water；
3. 由原文第二段“These deposits looked like they were left by running water.”可知，沉积物由running water留下；
4. 由原文第四段“Perseverance has been exploring Mars since 2021.”可知，回答为It has been exploring Mars since 2021；
5. 开放性问题，结合文本内容或火星环境，给出合理回答即可。
【答案】
1. December 2006
2. liquid water
3. running water
4. It has been exploring Mars since 2021.
5. 示例1：Yes, I think so. Because scientists have found evidence of underground water and possible clues to ancient life there.
示例2：No, I don't think so. Mars is too cold and dry for life to survive.
【知识点】
阅读理解细节题、开放性问答
【点评】
本题考查学生的信息定位能力和语言表达能力，细节题可通过原文直接定位答案，开放性问题需结合文本内容合理作答，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
