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一、阅读下面一首小诗，写出画线句的句子结构。
If wind had colours, 1. the world would be more beautiful and lively. If it matched with the natural scene, it would be the most beautiful picture.
If wind had colours, in spring it should be green. 2. Flowers come out in spring. When green wind blew around, all the flowers seemed to be surrounded by green leaves. How beautiful it is!
3. The wind in summer should be light blue, because it is too hot. When the light blue wind blew over, you would seem to be in a swimming pool. How cool!
The wind in autumn should be golden because 4. autumn is the harvest time, and golden colour makes us have harvest feelings.
The wind in winter should be light yellow. When 5. light yellow wind blew on white snow, it was very warm.
If wind had colours, the world would be more colourful.
1.
If wind had colours, 1. the world would be more beautiful and lively. If it matched with the natural scene, it would be the most beautiful picture.
If wind had colours, in spring it should be green. 2. Flowers come out in spring. When green wind blew around, all the flowers seemed to be surrounded by green leaves. How beautiful it is!
3. The wind in summer should be light blue, because it is too hot. When the light blue wind blew over, you would seem to be in a swimming pool. How cool!
The wind in autumn should be golden because 4. autumn is the harvest time, and golden colour makes us have harvest feelings.
The wind in winter should be light yellow. When 5. light yellow wind blew on white snow, it was very warm.
If wind had colours, the world would be more colourful.
1.
S+V+P
2. S+V
3. S+V+P
4. S+V+P
5. S+V
答案
1. S+V+P 2. S+V 3. S+V+P 4. S+V+P 5. S+V
解析
【分析】判断英语句子结构需先明确五种基本句型，核心是区分谓语类型：若谓语为系动词，后接表语则为主系表结构（S+V+P）；若谓语为不及物实义动词，无宾语则为主谓结构（S+V）。逐个分析画线句：1. 主语是the world，系动词是would be，表语是more beautiful and lively；2. 主语是Flowers，谓语是不及物动词短语come out；3. 主语是The wind in summer，系动词是should be，表语是light blue；4. 主语是autumn，系动词是is，表语是the harvest time；5. 主语是light yellow wind，谓语是不及物动词blew，后面为状语无宾语。
【解析】1. 句子“the world would be more beautiful and lively”中，主语（S）为the world，系动词（V）为would be，表语（P）为more beautiful and lively，属于主系表结构，即S+V+P；2. 句子“Flowers come out in spring”中，主语（S）为Flowers，谓语（V）为不及物动词短语come out，无宾语，属于主谓结构，即S+V；3. 句子“The wind in summer should be light blue”中，主语（S）为The wind in summer，系动词（V）为should be，表语（P）为light blue，属于主系表结构，即S+V+P；4. 句子“autumn is the harvest time”中，主语（S）为autumn，系动词（V）为is，表语（P）为the harvest time，属于主系表结构，即S+V+P；5. 句子“light yellow wind blew on white snow”中，主语（S）为light yellow wind，谓语（V）为不及物动词blew，后面的on white snow为地点状语，无宾语，属于主谓结构，即S+V。
【答案】1. S+V+P 2. S+V 3. S+V+P 4. S+V+P 5. S+V
【知识点】英语基本句型、主系表结构、主谓结构
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的核心基本句型，需准确划分句子成分，区分系动词与实义动词的用法，是初中英语的基础考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 句子“the world would be more beautiful and lively”中，主语（S）为the world，系动词（V）为would be，表语（P）为more beautiful and lively，属于主系表结构，即S+V+P；2. 句子“Flowers come out in spring”中，主语（S）为Flowers，谓语（V）为不及物动词短语come out，无宾语，属于主谓结构，即S+V；3. 句子“The wind in summer should be light blue”中，主语（S）为The wind in summer，系动词（V）为should be，表语（P）为light blue，属于主系表结构，即S+V+P；4. 句子“autumn is the harvest time”中，主语（S）为autumn，系动词（V）为is，表语（P）为the harvest time，属于主系表结构，即S+V+P；5. 句子“light yellow wind blew on white snow”中，主语（S）为light yellow wind，谓语（V）为不及物动词blew，后面的on white snow为地点状语，无宾语，属于主谓结构，即S+V。
【答案】1. S+V+P 2. S+V 3. S+V+P 4. S+V+P 5. S+V
【知识点】英语基本句型、主系表结构、主谓结构
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的核心基本句型，需准确划分句子成分，区分系动词与实义动词的用法，是初中英语的基础考点，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
二、阅读短文，从方框中选出文中画线句的句子结构。
A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+O
(2026·淮安市经开区阶段测试改编)One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colours.
1. Normally green leaves turn red, orange, yellow, and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology(叶片物候学)”, and many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate change, autumn is changing.
According to a study, 2. the season length is growing, meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours. And this is not the only way that climate change is destroying the season.
“Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr Howard, a climate scientist. “In my own neighbourhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal opinion, but 3. research actually supports this phenomenon (现象) we’re finding.”
Climate change isn’t only causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts(霜) according to Dr Michael, a teacher of a university. Michael said, “That means 4. pests will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings.”
If there is no good news at all, though, we may be able to avoid this development. Michael said that if humans control their carbon dioxide emissions(二氧化碳排放), they can still stop the worst effects of climate change. “A new study recently shows that 5. warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero,” Michael said in his recent comment for LiveScience.
1.
A. S+V B. S+V+P C. S+V+O
(2026·淮安市经开区阶段测试改编)One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colours.
1. Normally green leaves turn red, orange, yellow, and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology(叶片物候学)”, and many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate change, autumn is changing.
According to a study, 2. the season length is growing, meaning that it is taking longer for leaves to change their colours. And this is not the only way that climate change is destroying the season.
“Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr Howard, a climate scientist. “In my own neighbourhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal opinion, but 3. research actually supports this phenomenon (现象) we’re finding.”
Climate change isn’t only causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts(霜) according to Dr Michael, a teacher of a university. Michael said, “That means 4. pests will be active for a longer time in autumn, causing a greater health danger to human beings.”
If there is no good news at all, though, we may be able to avoid this development. Michael said that if humans control their carbon dioxide emissions(二氧化碳排放), they can still stop the worst effects of climate change. “A new study recently shows that 5. warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero,” Michael said in his recent comment for LiveScience.
1.
B
2. A
3. C
4. B
5. A
答案
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A
解析
【分析】
首先明确英语句子结构的判断规则：S（主语）是句子描述的对象；V（谓语）是动词，分三类：①不及物动词（无动作承受者，无宾语），对应S+V；②系动词（如be、turn等），后接表语说明主语状态/性质，对应S+V+P；③及物动词（后接动作承受者即宾语），对应S+V+O。再逐个分析画线句的动词类型和成分即可得出结果。
【解析】
1. 画线句：Normally green leaves turn red, orange, yellow, and finally brown。主语（S）是green leaves，谓语（V）是系动词turn，后接表语（颜色类），结构为S+V+P，对应B。
2. 画线句：the season length is growing。主语（S）是the season length，谓语（V）是不及物动词短语is growing，无宾语，结构为S+V，对应A。
3. 画线句：research actually supports this phenomenon we’re finding。主语（S）是research，谓语（V）是及物动词supports，后接宾语this phenomenon，结构为S+V+O，对应C。
4. 画线句：pests will be active for a longer time in autumn。主语（S）是pests，谓语（V）是系动词will be，后接表语active，结构为S+V+P，对应B。
5. 画线句：warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero。主语（S）是warming，谓语（V）是不及物动词短语will stop，无宾语，结构为S+V，对应A。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A
【知识点】
英语句子结构
【点评】
本题考查英语基础句子结构的判断，核心是区分系动词与及物/不及物动词，属于语法基础考点，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3
首先明确英语句子结构的判断规则：S（主语）是句子描述的对象；V（谓语）是动词，分三类：①不及物动词（无动作承受者，无宾语），对应S+V；②系动词（如be、turn等），后接表语说明主语状态/性质，对应S+V+P；③及物动词（后接动作承受者即宾语），对应S+V+O。再逐个分析画线句的动词类型和成分即可得出结果。
【解析】
1. 画线句：Normally green leaves turn red, orange, yellow, and finally brown。主语（S）是green leaves，谓语（V）是系动词turn，后接表语（颜色类），结构为S+V+P，对应B。
2. 画线句：the season length is growing。主语（S）是the season length，谓语（V）是不及物动词短语is growing，无宾语，结构为S+V，对应A。
3. 画线句：research actually supports this phenomenon we’re finding。主语（S）是research，谓语（V）是及物动词supports，后接宾语this phenomenon，结构为S+V+O，对应C。
4. 画线句：pests will be active for a longer time in autumn。主语（S）是pests，谓语（V）是系动词will be，后接表语active，结构为S+V+P，对应B。
5. 画线句：warming will likely stop after carbon emissions reach zero。主语（S）是warming，谓语（V）是不及物动词短语will stop，无宾语，结构为S+V，对应A。
【答案】
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A
【知识点】
英语句子结构
【点评】
本题考查英语基础句子结构的判断，核心是区分系动词与及物/不及物动词，属于语法基础考点，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.3
