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一、阅读下面短文，从框内六个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
A. from B. to C. though D. with E. because F. the
Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the most popular places in Guizhou. It is 1. largest waterfall in China.
Huangguoshu Waterfall is far more than a waterfall. It is a huge waterfall group 2. 18 waterfalls. All the waterfalls make up a great “family”. People can enjoy watching Huangguoshu Waterfall from above, below, front, back, left and right. However, located at the foot of Huangguoshu Waterfall, Rhinoceros Pool(犀牛潭) is one of the most wonderful viewing places for the waterfall. The waterfall falls from a high place and finally hits a deep pool below. The pool is named Rhinoceros Pool 3. its shape looks like a rhinoceros.
Huangguoshu Waterfall gets its name 4. a local plant—the Yellow Fruit Tree. It is famous for its greatness and the waterfall group. Because of the rich rain in Guizhou Province, the waterfall is never dry. In the rainy season, the water is like a curtain (帘), and that makes the stones behind the waterfall difficult 5. see. It is just like ten thousand horses running ahead. Visitors can go inside, touch the waterfall and even see a rainbow on a sunny day. It is also one of the filming spots of the TV series Journey to the West.
A. from B. to C. though D. with E. because F. the
Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the most popular places in Guizhou. It is 1. largest waterfall in China.
Huangguoshu Waterfall is far more than a waterfall. It is a huge waterfall group 2. 18 waterfalls. All the waterfalls make up a great “family”. People can enjoy watching Huangguoshu Waterfall from above, below, front, back, left and right. However, located at the foot of Huangguoshu Waterfall, Rhinoceros Pool(犀牛潭) is one of the most wonderful viewing places for the waterfall. The waterfall falls from a high place and finally hits a deep pool below. The pool is named Rhinoceros Pool 3. its shape looks like a rhinoceros.
Huangguoshu Waterfall gets its name 4. a local plant—the Yellow Fruit Tree. It is famous for its greatness and the waterfall group. Because of the rich rain in Guizhou Province, the waterfall is never dry. In the rainy season, the water is like a curtain (帘), and that makes the stones behind the waterfall difficult 5. see. It is just like ten thousand horses running ahead. Visitors can go inside, touch the waterfall and even see a rainbow on a sunny day. It is also one of the filming spots of the TV series Journey to the West.
答案
1. F
2. D
3. E
4. A
5. B
2. D
3. E
4. A
5. B
解析
我们可以根据语法规则和固定搭配逐一分析每个空：
1. 第1空后是形容词最高级largest，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，因此选F。
2. 第2空句意为“它是一个拥有18个瀑布的大型瀑布群”，介词with可以表示“带有、包含”，此处作后置定语修饰waterfall group，因此选D。
3. 第3空后半句“它的形状看起来像犀牛”是前半句“这个水潭被命名为犀牛潭”的原因，连词because用于引导原因状语从句，因此选E。
4. 第4空是固定搭配get its name from...，意为“得名于……”，符合“黄果树瀑布的名字来源于当地一种植物——黄果树”的句意，因此选A。
5. 第5空是固定结构difficult to do sth.，意为“做某事很困难”，此处表示“瀑布后面的石头很难被看见”，因此选B。
剩余选项C. though为多余选项。
1. 第1空后是形容词最高级largest，形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，因此选F。
2. 第2空句意为“它是一个拥有18个瀑布的大型瀑布群”，介词with可以表示“带有、包含”，此处作后置定语修饰waterfall group，因此选D。
3. 第3空后半句“它的形状看起来像犀牛”是前半句“这个水潭被命名为犀牛潭”的原因，连词because用于引导原因状语从句，因此选E。
4. 第4空是固定搭配get its name from...，意为“得名于……”，符合“黄果树瀑布的名字来源于当地一种植物——黄果树”的句意，因此选A。
5. 第5空是固定结构difficult to do sth.，意为“做某事很困难”，此处表示“瀑布后面的石头很难被看见”，因此选B。
剩余选项C. though为多余选项。
二、阅读理解。
Can you imagine a sea of sand three times bigger than India? It is the Sahara Desert, the largest desert in the world. It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres. That's more than 30% of Africa.
In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. It is much hotter during the day than at night. During the day, the hottest time is between 2:00 p. m. and 4:00 p. m., when the temperature rises to $33°\mathrm{C}$. But it is very cold at night. The coldest time is at 4:00 a. m., when the temperature falls to $-1°\mathrm{C}$.
How to stay alive in the Sahara Desert? Marco Rivera, a survival expert, has some tips.
First, take warm clothes and a blanket. During the day, cover your body, head and face. Clothes protect you from the sun and keep water in your body. You will also need a warm blanket at night. It can get cold very quickly. Second, try to drink some water at least once every hour. You need your water to last as long as possible. Drink only what you need. Third, try to close your mouth and not to talk. When you talk, you lose water from your body. Last, eat as little as you can, because if you eat, you will get thirsty and drink all of your water more quickly. You can live for three weeks with no food, but you can only live for not more than 7 days without water.
()1. How does the writer introduce the topic in Paragraph 1?
A. By telling stories.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples.
()2. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
()3. What can we know from the passage?
A. The Sahara Desert covers 9 countries in North Africa.
B. In the Sahara Desert, water is more important than food.
C. In the Sahara Desert, you can talk and eat as usual.
()4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. It mainly introduces the Sahara Desert.
B. It mainly introduces the area of the Sahara Desert.
C. It mainly introduces how to stay alive in the Sahara Desert.
Can you imagine a sea of sand three times bigger than India? It is the Sahara Desert, the largest desert in the world. It covers 11 countries in North Africa and is over 9 million square kilometres. That's more than 30% of Africa.
In the Sahara, temperatures are very different during the day and at night. It is much hotter during the day than at night. During the day, the hottest time is between 2:00 p. m. and 4:00 p. m., when the temperature rises to $33°\mathrm{C}$. But it is very cold at night. The coldest time is at 4:00 a. m., when the temperature falls to $-1°\mathrm{C}$.
How to stay alive in the Sahara Desert? Marco Rivera, a survival expert, has some tips.
First, take warm clothes and a blanket. During the day, cover your body, head and face. Clothes protect you from the sun and keep water in your body. You will also need a warm blanket at night. It can get cold very quickly. Second, try to drink some water at least once every hour. You need your water to last as long as possible. Drink only what you need. Third, try to close your mouth and not to talk. When you talk, you lose water from your body. Last, eat as little as you can, because if you eat, you will get thirsty and drink all of your water more quickly. You can live for three weeks with no food, but you can only live for not more than 7 days without water.
()1. How does the writer introduce the topic in Paragraph 1?
A. By telling stories.
B. By listing numbers.
C. By giving examples.
()2. According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is TRUE?
A.
()3. What can we know from the passage?
A. The Sahara Desert covers 9 countries in North Africa.
B. In the Sahara Desert, water is more important than food.
C. In the Sahara Desert, you can talk and eat as usual.
()4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. It mainly introduces the Sahara Desert.
B. It mainly introduces the area of the Sahara Desert.
C. It mainly introduces how to stay alive in the Sahara Desert.
答案
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A
解析
【解析】
1. 第1题：第一段通过列举"three times bigger than India"、"11 countries"、"over 9 million square kilometres"、"more than 30% of Africa"等多个数字引出撒哈拉沙漠的话题，对应选项B。
2. 第2题：根据第二段内容，撒哈拉凌晨4点气温低至-1℃，下午2点到4点气温达到33℃，对比三幅温度图，只有C图符合凌晨4点（6a.m.附近）气温为-1℃、下午2-4点（noon之后）气温达到33℃的特征，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：A选项原文说明撒哈拉覆盖北非11个国家而非9个，表述错误；B选项原文提到人可以三周不进食，但缺水活不过7天，说明水比食物更重要，表述正确；C选项文中要求尽量少说话、少吃东西，不能像平时一样交谈进食，表述错误，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：文章先介绍撒哈拉沙漠的面积、昼夜温差基本情况，再补充沙漠生存技巧，核心是整体介绍撒哈拉沙漠，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找
阅读理解主旨大意
图文信息匹配
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕撒哈拉沙漠展开，考点覆盖细节定位、图文转换和主旨归纳，难度梯度合理，既考查学生快速从文本抓取关键信息的能力，也要求学生准确理解全文核心内容，符合中小学英语阅读的常见考查方向。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第1题：第一段通过列举"three times bigger than India"、"11 countries"、"over 9 million square kilometres"、"more than 30% of Africa"等多个数字引出撒哈拉沙漠的话题，对应选项B。
2. 第2题：根据第二段内容，撒哈拉凌晨4点气温低至-1℃，下午2点到4点气温达到33℃，对比三幅温度图，只有C图符合凌晨4点（6a.m.附近）气温为-1℃、下午2-4点（noon之后）气温达到33℃的特征，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：A选项原文说明撒哈拉覆盖北非11个国家而非9个，表述错误；B选项原文提到人可以三周不进食，但缺水活不过7天，说明水比食物更重要，表述正确；C选项文中要求尽量少说话、少吃东西，不能像平时一样交谈进食，表述错误，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：文章先介绍撒哈拉沙漠的面积、昼夜温差基本情况，再补充沙漠生存技巧，核心是整体介绍撒哈拉沙漠，对应选项A。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节查找
阅读理解主旨大意
图文信息匹配
【点评】
这篇阅读理解围绕撒哈拉沙漠展开，考点覆盖细节定位、图文转换和主旨归纳，难度梯度合理，既考查学生快速从文本抓取关键信息的能力，也要求学生准确理解全文核心内容，符合中小学英语阅读的常见考查方向。
【难度系数】
0.7
