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二、阅读理解。
Aasritha Duriseti, an eighth grader at Carson Middle School, saw her grandmother having a hard time opening a bottle cap. So she decided to solve this problem.
One subject of her classes was engineering, which is a field that includes inventing, designing, testing and building systems or products to solve problems. Students were encouraged to make some changes to a product to make it easier for people with challenges to use it in their daily life.
To find a solution for her grandmother, Aasritha tried some bottle-opening devices（设备）on the market, and then created her own work. To create a better bottle opener, Aasritha used a piece of wood shaped like a cellphone. Next, she drilled（钻）three holes in the wood. The holes were in different sizes, so that they could match common bottle cap sizes. Each hole also had a layer（层）of dried and sticky hot glue. The glue layer provided a firm grip（紧握）for the bottle caps. With a simple twist（旋转）, her grandmother could open bottles without others' help.
Students like Aasritha used math, physics and tool skills to deal with challenges people faced in daily life. They also learned about empathy（同理心）. Aasritha's teacher, Mark Bolt, said, "It is important in engineering because engineers need to put themselves in the shoes of the persons using the product."
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
(
A. The fields included in engineering.
B. The time Aasritha spent creating the device.
C. The shape of bottle-opening devices on the market.
D. The reason why Aasritha used glue on her bottle opener.
(
A. Math. B. Empathy.
C. Invention. D. Challenge.
(
A. It's important for an engineer to have empathy.
B. It's important to learn math and physics well.
C. It's important for an inventor to have a creative mind.
D. It's important for an engineer to produce good tools for people.
(
A. To show problems in daily life.
B. To encourage students to make new inventions.
C. To call on students to help people in need.
D. To introduce a creative girl inventor.
Aasritha Duriseti, an eighth grader at Carson Middle School, saw her grandmother having a hard time opening a bottle cap. So she decided to solve this problem.
One subject of her classes was engineering, which is a field that includes inventing, designing, testing and building systems or products to solve problems. Students were encouraged to make some changes to a product to make it easier for people with challenges to use it in their daily life.
To find a solution for her grandmother, Aasritha tried some bottle-opening devices（设备）on the market, and then created her own work. To create a better bottle opener, Aasritha used a piece of wood shaped like a cellphone. Next, she drilled（钻）three holes in the wood. The holes were in different sizes, so that they could match common bottle cap sizes. Each hole also had a layer（层）of dried and sticky hot glue. The glue layer provided a firm grip（紧握）for the bottle caps. With a simple twist（旋转）, her grandmother could open bottles without others' help.
Students like Aasritha used math, physics and tool skills to deal with challenges people faced in daily life. They also learned about empathy（同理心）. Aasritha's teacher, Mark Bolt, said, "It is important in engineering because engineers need to put themselves in the shoes of the persons using the product."
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
(
C
)1. Which of the following might be Aasritha's project?(
D
)2. What information is mentioned in Paragraph 3?A. The fields included in engineering.
B. The time Aasritha spent creating the device.
C. The shape of bottle-opening devices on the market.
D. The reason why Aasritha used glue on her bottle opener.
(
B
)3. What does the underlined word "It" refer to in the last paragraph?A. Math. B. Empathy.
C. Invention. D. Challenge.
(
A
)4. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. It's important for an engineer to have empathy.
B. It's important to learn math and physics well.
C. It's important for an inventor to have a creative mind.
D. It's important for an engineer to produce good tools for people.
(
D
)5. What's the writer's purpose of writing the text?A. To show problems in daily life.
B. To encourage students to make new inventions.
C. To call on students to help people in need.
D. To introduce a creative girl inventor.
答案
1. C 由第三段“... like a cellphone ... three holes ... in different sizes”的描述可知，Aasritha 制作的开瓶器“像一个手机形状的木板，上面有三个大小不同的圆孔”。
2. D 3. B 4. A
5. D 通读全文可知，本文作者介绍了女孩 Aasritha 为奶奶发明开瓶器的故事。
2. D 3. B 4. A
5. D 通读全文可知，本文作者介绍了女孩 Aasritha 为奶奶发明开瓶器的故事。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题需定位第三段关于Aasritha制作的开瓶器的描述：“a piece of wood shaped like a cellphone... three holes in the wood... The holes were in different sizes”，匹配插图特征选出对应选项。
2. 第2题需定位第三段内容，逐一核对选项，排除未提及或非本段信息的选项，选出正确答案。
3. 第3题需结合上下文，根据代词指代的就近原则，确定It指代的内容。
4. 第4题需分析最后一段老师的核心观点，匹配对应选项。
5. 第5题需通读全文，梳理作者写作的核心目的，选出对应选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第三段描述，Aasritha的开瓶器是类似手机形状的木板，带有三个不同大小的孔，匹配选项C的插图，故选C。
2. 第2题：第三段提到“Each hole also had a layer of dried and sticky hot glue. The glue layer provided a firm grip for the bottle caps”，说明使用胶水的原因；A项是第二段信息，B、C项第三段未提及，故选D。
3. 第3题：最后一段前一句提到“learned about empathy”，后句中It指代前文的empathy，故选B。
4. 第4题：最后一段老师的话强调同理心对工程师的重要性，对应选项A，故选A。
5. 第5题：全文围绕Aasritha发明开瓶器的故事展开，作者目的是介绍这位有创造力的女孩发明家，故选D。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文是介绍人物发明的英语阅读理解材料，考查学生对文章细节、代词指代及主旨的理解，题型常规，贴近学生日常学习场景。
【难度系数】
0.7
1. 第1题需定位第三段关于Aasritha制作的开瓶器的描述：“a piece of wood shaped like a cellphone... three holes in the wood... The holes were in different sizes”，匹配插图特征选出对应选项。
2. 第2题需定位第三段内容，逐一核对选项，排除未提及或非本段信息的选项，选出正确答案。
3. 第3题需结合上下文，根据代词指代的就近原则，确定It指代的内容。
4. 第4题需分析最后一段老师的核心观点，匹配对应选项。
5. 第5题需通读全文，梳理作者写作的核心目的，选出对应选项。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据第三段描述，Aasritha的开瓶器是类似手机形状的木板，带有三个不同大小的孔，匹配选项C的插图，故选C。
2. 第2题：第三段提到“Each hole also had a layer of dried and sticky hot glue. The glue layer provided a firm grip for the bottle caps”，说明使用胶水的原因；A项是第二段信息，B、C项第三段未提及，故选D。
3. 第3题：最后一段前一句提到“learned about empathy”，后句中It指代前文的empathy，故选B。
4. 第4题：最后一段老师的话强调同理心对工程师的重要性，对应选项A，故选A。
5. 第5题：全文围绕Aasritha发明开瓶器的故事展开，作者目的是介绍这位有创造力的女孩发明家，故选D。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本文是介绍人物发明的英语阅读理解材料，考查学生对文章细节、代词指代及主旨的理解，题型常规，贴近学生日常学习场景。
【难度系数】
0.7
