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Ⅲ. 句型转换:按要求改写下列句子,每空一词。
1. We explore space to improve our knowledge of Earth. (同义句转换)
We explore space
2. Technology for space can benefit us here on Earth. (改为被动语态)
We
3. Our Earth may run out of resources. (改为一般疑问句)
4. Dr Yang gave three reasons for space exploration. (对画线部分提问)
5. It might sound crazy, but our Earth may run out of resources. (同义句)
1. We explore space to improve our knowledge of Earth. (同义句转换)
We explore space
so
that
we can improve our knowledge of Earth.2. Technology for space can benefit us here on Earth. (改为被动语态)
We
can
be
benefited
by technology developed for space here on Earth.3. Our Earth may run out of resources. (改为一般疑问句)
May
our Earth run
out of resources?4. Dr Yang gave three reasons for space exploration. (对画线部分提问)
How
many
reasons did Dr Yang give for space exploration?5. It might sound crazy, but our Earth may run out of resources. (同义句)
Though/Although
it might sound crazy, our Earth may run out of resources.答案
1. so that 2. can be benefited 3. May; run 4. How many 5. Though/Although
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题原句用不定式表目的，同义转换需用引导目的状语从句的短语so that；第2题主动变被动，需遵循“情态动词+be+过去分词”结构；第3题含情态动词may的陈述句改一般疑问句，直接将may提至句首；第4题对可数名词复数的数量提问用How many；第5题原句为让步关系，需用Though/Although引导让步状语从句。
【解析】
1. 原句不定式to improve作目的状语，同义句用so that引导目的状语从句，故填so that；
2. 主动句主语we是动作benefit的承受者，原句情态动词can，被动结构为can be+过去分词，故填can be benefited；
3. 含情态动词may的陈述句改一般疑问句，将may提前，动词用原形，故填May; run；
4. 对可数名词复数的数量提问用How many，故填How many；
5. 原句为让步关系，用Though/Although替换，故填Though/Although。
【答案】1. so that 2. can be benefited 3. May; run 4. How many 5. Though/Although
【知识点】目的状语从句、被动语态、特殊疑问句
【点评】本题为英语基础句型转换题，涵盖多种核心句式转换，是初中英语重点考点，需熟练掌握各类句式的转换规则。
【难度系数】0.7
1. 第1题原句用不定式表目的，同义转换需用引导目的状语从句的短语so that；第2题主动变被动，需遵循“情态动词+be+过去分词”结构；第3题含情态动词may的陈述句改一般疑问句，直接将may提至句首；第4题对可数名词复数的数量提问用How many；第5题原句为让步关系，需用Though/Although引导让步状语从句。
【解析】
1. 原句不定式to improve作目的状语，同义句用so that引导目的状语从句，故填so that；
2. 主动句主语we是动作benefit的承受者，原句情态动词can，被动结构为can be+过去分词，故填can be benefited；
3. 含情态动词may的陈述句改一般疑问句，将may提前，动词用原形，故填May; run；
4. 对可数名词复数的数量提问用How many，故填How many；
5. 原句为让步关系，用Though/Although替换，故填Though/Although。
【答案】1. so that 2. can be benefited 3. May; run 4. How many 5. Though/Although
【知识点】目的状语从句、被动语态、特殊疑问句
【点评】本题为英语基础句型转换题，涵盖多种核心句式转换，是初中英语重点考点，需熟练掌握各类句式的转换规则。
【难度系数】0.7
Ⅳ. 完形填空
China’s New Chapter on the Moon
China 1 working on a big plan to put a wireless network(无线网络) on the moon. This is 2 of their space exploration program. After they finish their 3 with Chang'e-6, two more spacecraft will be sent to get ready for the International Lunar Research Station(ILRS). Chang'e-7 is set to go in 2026, and Chang'e-8 will follow around 2028.
A space official from China, Bian Zhigang, said that Chang'e-7 will look at the environment and resources near the moon's South Pole. 4, Chang'e-8 will try out ways to use the moon's resources. This will help them get ready for the ILRS, 5 they hope to start using by 2035.
Building the ILRS will be built in two steps. First, they will make a simple model at the moon's South Pole. It will be able to do science work in an area 6 100 kilometres. They will use a network that connects the Earth and the moon for different missions, like sending robots to explore the moon and sending 7 to land on the moon. This will create a research platform with 8 functions.
The second step is to make the station better by 2050. They want to build a network of lunar stations that will have a main station at the South Pole 9 other stations at the equator and the far side of the moon.
This will give them a large research platform for long-term robot missions and short-term human missions.
Guan Feng, 10 space official, said that Chang'e-8 will 11 there is a way to communicate and have 12 on the moon. Scientists are also thinking about whether they can grow plants on the moon. This might be part of the 13 research for Chang'e-8.
Since 2017, many countries and groups have agreed to work with China on this project. More than 10 countries and over 40 international organizations 14 agreements with China. They agreed that human beings should 15 with each other to explore the moon.
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(
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(
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China’s New Chapter on the Moon
China 1 working on a big plan to put a wireless network(无线网络) on the moon. This is 2 of their space exploration program. After they finish their 3 with Chang'e-6, two more spacecraft will be sent to get ready for the International Lunar Research Station(ILRS). Chang'e-7 is set to go in 2026, and Chang'e-8 will follow around 2028.
A space official from China, Bian Zhigang, said that Chang'e-7 will look at the environment and resources near the moon's South Pole. 4, Chang'e-8 will try out ways to use the moon's resources. This will help them get ready for the ILRS, 5 they hope to start using by 2035.
Building the ILRS will be built in two steps. First, they will make a simple model at the moon's South Pole. It will be able to do science work in an area 6 100 kilometres. They will use a network that connects the Earth and the moon for different missions, like sending robots to explore the moon and sending 7 to land on the moon. This will create a research platform with 8 functions.
The second step is to make the station better by 2050. They want to build a network of lunar stations that will have a main station at the South Pole 9 other stations at the equator and the far side of the moon.
This will give them a large research platform for long-term robot missions and short-term human missions.
Guan Feng, 10 space official, said that Chang'e-8 will 11 there is a way to communicate and have 12 on the moon. Scientists are also thinking about whether they can grow plants on the moon. This might be part of the 13 research for Chang'e-8.
Since 2017, many countries and groups have agreed to work with China on this project. More than 10 countries and over 40 international organizations 14 agreements with China. They agreed that human beings should 15 with each other to explore the moon.
(
A
)1. A. is B. are C. was D. am(
B
)2. A. play B. part C. role D. talent(
D
)3. A. drive B. ride C. class D. mission(
A
)4. A. Then B. Additionally C. Lastly D. Although(
C
)5. A. that B. what C. which D. how(
A
)6. A. within B. without C. outside D. inside(
B
)7. A. doctors B. astronauts C. teachers D. cooks(
B
)8. A. important B. basic C. tiny D. huge(
A
)9. A. and B. with C. or D. from(
B
)10. A. others B. another C. other D. the others(
D
)11. A. come out B. put on C. come true D. make sure(
B
)12. A. goal B. power C. dream D. light(
A
)13. A. scientific B. frequently-used C. historical D. significant(
D
)14. A. are signed B. were signed C. had signed D. have signed(
B
)15. A. operate B. cooperate C. tie D. serve答案
1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B
解析
【分析】
本题为完形填空，需结合语境、固定搭配、语法规则及词汇词义辨析逐一解题：
1. 第1题：主语China为单数，描述当前计划用现在进行时，be动词选is；
2. 第2题：固定搭配part of表示“……的一部分”，符合“探月计划是太空探索项目的一部分”语境；
3. 第3题：mission意为“任务”，嫦娥系列是太空任务，契合文意；
4. 第4题：前文讲嫦娥7的任务，后文讲嫦娥8的，用Then表顺序；
5. 第5题：非限制性定语从句，先行词为ILRS，关系词用which；
6. 第6题：within表示“在……范围内”，符合“100公里范围内”的范围描述；
7. 第7题：登陆月球的是宇航员，选astronauts；
8. 第8题：第一步是简单模型，对应基础功能，选basic；
9. 第9题：连接南极主站与其他站点，用and表并列；
10. 第10题：another泛指“另一位”，修饰单数名词official；
11. 第11题：make sure意为“确保”，符合嫦娥8要确保通讯和能源的语境；
12. 第12题：power意为“能源”，探月需通讯和能源，契合文意；
13. 第13题：scientific research表示“科学研究”，符合嫦娥8的研究范畴；
14. 第14题：since 2017是现在完成时标志，主语为复数，选have signed；
15. 第15题：cooperate with each other意为“互相合作”，契合多国合作探月的语境。
【解析】
1. 主语China为单数，现在进行时结构为“am/is/are + doing”，故选A（is）；
2. 固定搭配“part of”表示“……的一部分”，符合语境，故选B；
3. mission意为“任务”，嫦娥系列是太空任务，故选D；
4. Then表顺序，承接前文嫦娥7的任务，引出嫦娥8的任务，故选A；
5. 非限制性定语从句，先行词ILRS指物，关系词用which，故选C；
6. within意为“在……范围内”，符合“100公里范围内”的范围描述，故选A；
7. 登陆月球的主体是宇航员，故选B；
8. 第一步是简单模型，对应“基础功能”，故选B；
9. and连接两个并列的站点位置，表并列关系，故选A；
10. another泛指“另一个”，修饰单数名词official，故选B；
11. make sure意为“确保”，符合嫦娥8要确保通讯和能源的语境，故选D；
12. power意为“能源”，探月需通讯和能源，故选B；
13. scientific research意为“科学研究”，契合嫦娥8的研究内容，故选A；
14. since 2017是现在完成时标志，主语为复数，故选D（have signed）；
15. cooperate with each other意为“互相合作”，符合多国合作探月的语境，故选B。
【答案】
A B D A C A B B A B D B A D B
【知识点】
完形填空、固定搭配、定语从句、时态辨析
【点评】
本文围绕中国探月计划展开，考查学生对词汇词义、语法规则、上下文语境的综合运用能力，整体难度适中，需结合文章逻辑和基础知识解题。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为完形填空，需结合语境、固定搭配、语法规则及词汇词义辨析逐一解题：
1. 第1题：主语China为单数，描述当前计划用现在进行时，be动词选is；
2. 第2题：固定搭配part of表示“……的一部分”，符合“探月计划是太空探索项目的一部分”语境；
3. 第3题：mission意为“任务”，嫦娥系列是太空任务，契合文意；
4. 第4题：前文讲嫦娥7的任务，后文讲嫦娥8的，用Then表顺序；
5. 第5题：非限制性定语从句，先行词为ILRS，关系词用which；
6. 第6题：within表示“在……范围内”，符合“100公里范围内”的范围描述；
7. 第7题：登陆月球的是宇航员，选astronauts；
8. 第8题：第一步是简单模型，对应基础功能，选basic；
9. 第9题：连接南极主站与其他站点，用and表并列；
10. 第10题：another泛指“另一位”，修饰单数名词official；
11. 第11题：make sure意为“确保”，符合嫦娥8要确保通讯和能源的语境；
12. 第12题：power意为“能源”，探月需通讯和能源，契合文意；
13. 第13题：scientific research表示“科学研究”，符合嫦娥8的研究范畴；
14. 第14题：since 2017是现在完成时标志，主语为复数，选have signed；
15. 第15题：cooperate with each other意为“互相合作”，契合多国合作探月的语境。
【解析】
1. 主语China为单数，现在进行时结构为“am/is/are + doing”，故选A（is）；
2. 固定搭配“part of”表示“……的一部分”，符合语境，故选B；
3. mission意为“任务”，嫦娥系列是太空任务，故选D；
4. Then表顺序，承接前文嫦娥7的任务，引出嫦娥8的任务，故选A；
5. 非限制性定语从句，先行词ILRS指物，关系词用which，故选C；
6. within意为“在……范围内”，符合“100公里范围内”的范围描述，故选A；
7. 登陆月球的主体是宇航员，故选B；
8. 第一步是简单模型，对应“基础功能”，故选B；
9. and连接两个并列的站点位置，表并列关系，故选A；
10. another泛指“另一个”，修饰单数名词official，故选B；
11. make sure意为“确保”，符合嫦娥8要确保通讯和能源的语境，故选D；
12. power意为“能源”，探月需通讯和能源，故选B；
13. scientific research意为“科学研究”，契合嫦娥8的研究内容，故选A；
14. since 2017是现在完成时标志，主语为复数，故选D（have signed）；
15. cooperate with each other意为“互相合作”，符合多国合作探月的语境，故选B。
【答案】
A B D A C A B B A B D B A D B
【知识点】
完形填空、固定搭配、定语从句、时态辨析
【点评】
本文围绕中国探月计划展开，考查学生对词汇词义、语法规则、上下文语境的综合运用能力，整体难度适中，需结合文章逻辑和基础知识解题。
【难度系数】
0.6
