一、根据汉语意思或音标写单词。
1. We bought two （小袋）of oranges in the supermarket yesterday.
2. Don't make /nɔɪz/ in the living room! My son is sleeping.
3. The number of tigers in the world has （减少）in the past fifty years.
4. It's sunny today. The Greens are having a /'pɪknɪk/ in the park.
5. The （奶酪）cake smells so good that I can't wait to eat it.

1.packets 2.noise 3.reduced 4.picnic 5.cheese

【分析】
本题为根据汉语意思或音标写单词的基础题型，解题思路如下：1. 结合汉语意思确定对应单词，再根据句子中的数词、时态等语法要求调整单词形式；2. 根据给出的音标，写出发音对应的正确英语单词，同时结合语境验证单词合理性。
【解析】
1. 汉语“小袋”对应单词packet，空前有two，需用名词复数形式，故填packets；
2. 音标/nɔɪz/对应单词noise，make noise为固定搭配，意为“制造噪音”，故填noise；
3. 汉语“减少”对应单词reduce，句中有助动词has，为现在完成时结构，需用动词过去分词，故填reduced；
4. 音标/'pɪknɪk/对应单词picnic，have a picnic为固定短语，意为“野餐”，故填picnic；
5. 汉语“奶酪”对应单词cheese，此处cheese作定语修饰cake，用原形即可，故填cheese。
【答案】
1. packets 2. noise 3. reduced 4. picnic 5. cheese
【知识点】
单词拼写、名词复数、动词过去分词、音标应用
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的拼写及基本语法变形，涉及名词复数、动词时态、固定搭配等知识点，是英语学习的基础题型，难度较低，适合巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. You should wash your dirty clothes, Jim. They are (smell).
7. My sister runs every morning in order (keep) healthy.
8. It rained (sudden) and I didn't take my umbrella. So I got wet.
9. The boy (stand) under the tree is my brother.
10. Parents and schools make (rule) to help students to become better.

6.smelly 7.to keep 8.suddenly 9.standing 10.rules

【分析】
本题为英语词形填空题，需结合句子结构、固定搭配、词性要求判断单词的正确形式：第6题需将名词转换为形容词作表语；第7题考查固定搭配；第8题需将形容词转换为副词修饰动词；第9题考查非谓语动词作定语；第10题需用可数名词复数。
【解析】
6. 句中are后需形容词作表语，smell的形容词形式为smelly，故填smelly。
7. 固定搭配in order to do sth意为“为了做某事”，此处需用动词不定式，故填to keep。
8. 此处修饰动词rained，需用副词，sudden的副词形式是suddenly，故填suddenly。
9. the boy与stand是主动关系，用现在分词standing作后置定语修饰the boy，故填standing。
10. rule是可数名词，此处表泛指规则，需用复数形式rules，故填rules。
【答案】
6.smelly 7.to keep 8.suddenly 9.standing 10.rules
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题考查初中英语基础词形变化，涉及词性转换、固定搭配、非谓语动词等核心考点，侧重基础知识的应用，难度适中，适合初中学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

三、选词填空。
[keep take out road we out head but beautiful block]
Let me share two important rules I learned recently.
Last week, I took a bus to the park. The driver asked us to wear our seat belts（安全带）to 11. safe. However, the boy next to me didn't do so. Suddenly, a dog ran onto the 12. , and the driver slammed（用力一踩）on the brakes. The boy hit his 13. on the window. He soon cried 14. at once. Luckily, he wasn't badly hurt. His mistake taught everyone that seat belts can save lives. We should be responsible for 15. safety.
Another day I saw some people laughing and having a picnic under the trees in the park. The sun shone brightly, 16. the grass was covered by litter. I held my breath to 17. the smell coming from the litter, but it didn't work. Finally, I 18. a trash bag and started collecting the litter. They felt embarrassed and joined me. The park soon became 19. and clean again.
So let's always remember: Rules make our world a better place! Let's all choose to follow rules to make every corner of our world beautiful.

11.keep 12.road 13.head 14.out 15.our 16.but 17.block 18.took out 19.beautiful

【分析】
本题为英语选词填空，解题思路如下：1. 先通读全文，理解文章大意（讲述两个遵守规则的事例）；2. 明确给出词汇的词义、词性及形式（如动词的过去式、代词的变形等）；3. 逐个分析每个空的语境，结合固定搭配、逻辑关系、语法规则选择合适的词汇；4. 最后检查所选词汇是否使句子通顺、符合文意。
【解析】
11. 语境为司机要求系安全带以保持安全，固定搭配“keep safe”表示“保持安全”，故填keep；
12. 语境为狗跑到马路上，“on the road”是固定表达，意为“在马路上”，故填road；
13. 语境为男孩未系安全带，刹车时撞到头部，“hit one's head”表示“撞到头部”，故填head；
14. 语境为男孩受伤后大声呼喊，“cry out”是固定短语，意为“大声呼喊”，故填out；
15. 语境为“对我们的安全负责”，需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词safety，对应we的形容词性物主代词our，故填our；
16. 前半句“阳光明亮”和后半句“草地被垃圾覆盖”为转折关系，故填but；
17. 语境为屏住呼吸阻挡垃圾的味道，block意为“阻挡”，符合语境，故填block；
18. 描述过去的动作，需用take out的过去式took out，意为“拿出”，故填took out；
19. 语境为公园变得又美又干净，与clean并列，beautiful符合文意，故填beautiful。
【答案】
11.keep 12.road 13.head 14.out 15.our 16.but 17.block 18.took out 19.beautiful
【知识点】
英语选词填空、固定搭配运用、语境理解
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的词义、固定搭配及上下文逻辑关系，要求学生结合语境和语法知识选择合适词汇，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型，能有效考查学生的语言运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.5