五、立德树人·尊重文化差异 完形填空
Chinese names have a long history. Many Chinese families have a family 20. You can 21 all the family members（成员）in it.
Chinese family names are passed down（传承）from father to 22. Many Chinese are 23 when they meet a new friend with the same family name. As an old saying（谚语）goes, “They were from the same 24 500 years ago.” There are lots of family names 25 China.
Li, Wang and Zhang are the top three family names. We Chinese put family names first, 26 English people are different（不同的）from us. 27 put their family names last. And they usually have 28 names: a first name, a middle name and a last name. People don’t use their 29 names very often. So John Henry Brown is often called John Brown.
()20. A. box B. tree C. map D. page
()21. A. think B. tell C. want D. see
()22. A. son B. cousin C. aunt D. mother
()23. A. tidy B. happy C. right D. sad
()24. A. country B. class C. school D. family
()25. A. on B. at C. in D. of
()26. A. and B. or C. but D. so
()27. A. We B. They C. You D. He
()28. A. four B. three C. two D. one
()29. A. middle B. first C. last D. third

20~24: BDABD 25~29: CCBBA

【分析】首先通读全文，明确文章围绕中国姓氏的传承及中西方姓名文化差异展开。解题时需结合语境、词义辨析、固定搭配及文化常识逐一分析：先理解句子大意，匹配选项时注意固定表达、逻辑关系（转折、指代）等，确保符合上下文语境。
【解析】
20. 考查固定搭配。family tree意为“家谱”，符合语境，故选B。
21. 考查动词词义。句意：你能在家谱里看到所有家庭成员，see“看见”符合，故选D。
22. 考查名词词义。中国姓氏从父亲传给儿子，son符合，故选A。
23. 考查形容词词义。遇到同姓新朋友，中国人会感到开心，happy符合，故选B。
24. 考查名词词义。对应谚语“五百年前是一家”，same family符合，故选D。
25. 考查介词。表示“在中国”用介词in，故选C。
26. 考查连词。前半句说中国人把姓放前面，后半句说英国人不同，是转折关系，用but，故选C。
27. 考查代词。指代前文的English people，用复数代词they，故选B。
28. 考查数词。英国人有三个名字：first name、middle name、last name，故选B。
29. 考查名词词义。根据后文例子John Henry Brown常被简称为John Brown，可知不常用中间名，middle符合，故选A。
【答案】20~24: BDABD 25~29: CCBBA
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、中西方姓名文化差异
【点评】本题结合立德树人主题，围绕中国姓氏文化及中西方姓名差异设题，既考察词汇、语法的语境运用，又引导学生尊重文化差异，贴近生活实际。
【难度系数】0.6

六、新素材·中国古代命名体系 阅读理解
Do you know people in ancient (古代的) China had three names: the family name, the given name and the courtesy name (字)? Take the famous poet Li Bai as an example. His family name is Li, his given name is Bai, and his courtesy name is Taibai.
People use their given names when they are with their family or friends. And the elders, such as their grandparents and parents, call them by their given names at home. But in the workplace, people use their courtesy names.
People’s courtesy names have something to do with their given names. For example, Zhuge Liang’s given name is Liang. It means “bright”. His courtesy name is Kongming, and the meaning is “very bright”.
() 30. 新考向·信息摘选 What are the three names of ancient Chinese people?
① family names ② middle names
③ given names ④ courtesy names
A. ①②③ B. ①②④
C. ①③④ D. ②③④
() 31. 能力训练点·逻辑推理 What do Du Fu’s workmates call him when they work?
A. Du Fu. B. Zimei(子美).
C. Mr Du. D. Xiaofu.
() 32. What does the underlined word “It” refer to?
A. People’s courtesy names.
B. People’s given names.
C. Zhuge Liang’s given name.
D. Zhuge Liang’s courtesy name.

30~32: CBC

【分析】
首先通读文章，明确中国古代人的三种名字是姓、名、字，以及不同场合的称呼规则，还有代词指代的逻辑。第30题需定位原文找到三种名字的对应内容；第31题要结合工作场合的称呼规则，对应人物的“字”；第32题需根据代词指代的就近原则，找到It指代的前文内容。
【解析】
30题：根据原文第一句“Do you know people in ancient China had three names: the family name, the given name and the courtesy name?”可知，三种名字为姓、名、字，对应①③④，因此选C。
31题：根据原文第二段“But in the workplace, people use their courtesy names.”可知，工作场合使用“字”，杜甫的字是子美，因此同事会称呼他子美，选B。
32题：根据原文第三段“Zhuge Liang’s given name is Liang. It means “bright”.”可知，It指代前文提到的诸葛亮的名，即Zhuge Liang’s given name，选C。
【答案】
30.C 31.B 32.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解；信息摘选；代词指代
【点评】
本题围绕中国古代命名体系展开，考察学生提取文章信息、逻辑推理及代词指代的能力，题目难度适中，需学生精准定位原文关键内容。
【难度系数】
0.6