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阅读短文,完成下列任务。
The Longmen Grottoes(石窟)
The Longmen Grottoes are one of China's most valuable cultural relics(遗迹).
1. People carved(雕刻) them for more than 400 years, from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty. There are thousands of Buddhist statues(佛像) and paintings on the stone walls here.
Where They Are
The Longmen Grottoes are on the banks of the Yi River in Luoyang, Henan Province. The cliffs(悬崖) here are hard limestone(石灰岩), and the weather is mild(温和的). It's a good place to carve stones and keep the stone works safe.
2. This special place has kept the grottoes in good condition for more than 1,500 years.
What People Think They Are For
People know well why the Longmen Grottoes were built, and there are some other cultural meanings. 3. Some also think they show how strong the old dynasties were and how great ancient Chinese stone carving art was. A few people even say ancient emperors built them to make the country safe and protect the people.
How They Were Made
We can't fully know how ancient workers made these great grottoes without modern machines. 4. They cut the limestone little by little to carve vivid
statues and patterns. Making such big and beautiful art needed many workers and great carving skills.
Problems They Face
The Longmen Grottoes are in danger now, after standing for more than 1,500 years. Two big problems are hurting them:
Human damage:5.
Natural damage: Rain, wind and temperature changes make the stone surfaces bad, and the colored paintings on the stone fade(褪色) year by year.
How We Can Help
We can do small things to protect the Longmen Grottoes:
①Learn the grottoes and tell others to value this national cultural treasure.
②Follow the rules and don't touch or climb the stone carvings.
③If you see someone damaging the relics, call the local workers who protect cultural relics.
任务一:根据短文内容,从下面的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A. Some small stone carvings with the same style are also found in the mountains around here.
B. Some tourists touch the stone carvings carelessly, making some fine parts worn and not clear.
C. These grottoes cover a big area, with thousands of caves and different shapes of stone statues.
D. Most people think they were built for Buddhist religious activities.
E. They might use simple chisels(凿子), hammers and wooden rulers to mark the lines for carving.
任务二:根据短文内容,选择正确的答案。
()1. Where are the Longmen Grottoes?
A. On the banks of the Yi River in Luoyang, Henan Province.
B. On the banks of the Yangtze River in Wuhan, Hubei Province.
C. On the banks of the Yellow River in Xi'an, Shanxi Province.
D. On the banks of the Qiantang River in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
()2. Who carved the great Longmen Grottoes more than 1,500 years ago?
A. Foreign workers.
B. Ancient Chinese workers.
C. Modern artists.
D. Western builders.
()3. How long did it take to carve the Longmen Grottoes?
A. Less than 100 years.
B. Since the Song Dynasty.
C. Over 400 years.
D. Only 50 years.
()4. Why are the Longmen Grottoes in danger now?
A. They are too old to stand.
B. Because of human damage and natural damage.
C. People move the stone carvings to other museums.
D. The government stops protecting them.
()5. How can we help protect the Longmen Grottoes when visiting?
A. Follow the visiting rules and don't touch the carvings.
B. Touch the stone carvings to feel them.
C. Take small stone pieces as souvenirs(纪念品).
D. Climb on the stone carvings to take photos.
任务三:根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1. Are there many Buddhist statues and paintings in the Longmen Grottoes?
2. The Longmen Grottoes have a history of over 1,500 years, don't they?
3. What do most people think the Longmen Grottoes were built for?
4. How can we pass the cultural treasures to more people?
5. What other things can we do to protect the Longmen Grottoes?
The Longmen Grottoes(石窟)
The Longmen Grottoes are one of China's most valuable cultural relics(遗迹).
1. People carved(雕刻) them for more than 400 years, from the Northern Wei Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty. There are thousands of Buddhist statues(佛像) and paintings on the stone walls here.
Where They Are
The Longmen Grottoes are on the banks of the Yi River in Luoyang, Henan Province. The cliffs(悬崖) here are hard limestone(石灰岩), and the weather is mild(温和的). It's a good place to carve stones and keep the stone works safe.
2. This special place has kept the grottoes in good condition for more than 1,500 years.
What People Think They Are For
People know well why the Longmen Grottoes were built, and there are some other cultural meanings. 3. Some also think they show how strong the old dynasties were and how great ancient Chinese stone carving art was. A few people even say ancient emperors built them to make the country safe and protect the people.
How They Were Made
We can't fully know how ancient workers made these great grottoes without modern machines. 4. They cut the limestone little by little to carve vivid
statues and patterns. Making such big and beautiful art needed many workers and great carving skills.
Problems They Face
The Longmen Grottoes are in danger now, after standing for more than 1,500 years. Two big problems are hurting them:
Human damage:5.
Natural damage: Rain, wind and temperature changes make the stone surfaces bad, and the colored paintings on the stone fade(褪色) year by year.
How We Can Help
We can do small things to protect the Longmen Grottoes:
①Learn the grottoes and tell others to value this national cultural treasure.
②Follow the rules and don't touch or climb the stone carvings.
③If you see someone damaging the relics, call the local workers who protect cultural relics.
任务一:根据短文内容,从下面的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A. Some small stone carvings with the same style are also found in the mountains around here.
B. Some tourists touch the stone carvings carelessly, making some fine parts worn and not clear.
C. These grottoes cover a big area, with thousands of caves and different shapes of stone statues.
D. Most people think they were built for Buddhist religious activities.
E. They might use simple chisels(凿子), hammers and wooden rulers to mark the lines for carving.
任务二:根据短文内容,选择正确的答案。
()1. Where are the Longmen Grottoes?
A. On the banks of the Yi River in Luoyang, Henan Province.
B. On the banks of the Yangtze River in Wuhan, Hubei Province.
C. On the banks of the Yellow River in Xi'an, Shanxi Province.
D. On the banks of the Qiantang River in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
()2. Who carved the great Longmen Grottoes more than 1,500 years ago?
A. Foreign workers.
B. Ancient Chinese workers.
C. Modern artists.
D. Western builders.
()3. How long did it take to carve the Longmen Grottoes?
A. Less than 100 years.
B. Since the Song Dynasty.
C. Over 400 years.
D. Only 50 years.
()4. Why are the Longmen Grottoes in danger now?
A. They are too old to stand.
B. Because of human damage and natural damage.
C. People move the stone carvings to other museums.
D. The government stops protecting them.
()5. How can we help protect the Longmen Grottoes when visiting?
A. Follow the visiting rules and don't touch the carvings.
B. Touch the stone carvings to feel them.
C. Take small stone pieces as souvenirs(纪念品).
D. Climb on the stone carvings to take photos.
任务三:根据短文内容,回答下列问题。
1. Are there many Buddhist statues and paintings in the Longmen Grottoes?
2. The Longmen Grottoes have a history of over 1,500 years, don't they?
3. What do most people think the Longmen Grottoes were built for?
4. How can we pass the cultural treasures to more people?
5. What other things can we do to protect the Longmen Grottoes?
答案
任务一：1. C 2. A 3. D 4. E 5. B
任务二：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A
任务三：
1. Yes, there are.
2. Yes, they have.
3. They think the Longmen Grottoes were built for Buddhist religious activities.
4. We can learn about the grottoes and introduce the related knowledge to more people around us, or share the stories of these cultural treasures on the Internet.（合理即可）
5. We can make posters to call on more people to protect the grottoes, or we can raise money to help repair the damaged parts of the grottoes.（合理即可）
任务二：1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A
任务三：
1. Yes, there are.
2. Yes, they have.
3. They think the Longmen Grottoes were built for Buddhist religious activities.
4. We can learn about the grottoes and introduce the related knowledge to more people around us, or share the stories of these cultural treasures on the Internet.（合理即可）
5. We can make posters to call on more people to protect the grottoes, or we can raise money to help repair the damaged parts of the grottoes.（合理即可）
解析
任务一解析：
1. 空格后介绍了石窟的雕刻时长、石壁上的佛像与壁画，C选项“这些石窟占地面积很大，有成千上万的洞窟和不同形态的石像”是对龙门石窟整体概况的介绍，放在段首可以自然引出后续细节描述，符合语境。
2. 空格前介绍了龙门石窟所在地的岩石特质和温和气候，A选项“在周边的山里也发现了同风格的小型石雕”，和后文“这个特殊的地方让石窟完好保存超过1500年”呼应，衔接地理位置相关的内容。
3. 该部分主题是人们对石窟建造用途的看法，空格后出现"Some also..."的表述，D选项“大多数人认为它们是为佛教宗教活动建造的”，符合“先讲主流观点，再补充其他观点”的行文逻辑。
4. 该部分主题是石窟的建造方式，空格前提到古代工匠没有现代机械，E选项“他们可能使用简单的凿子、锤子和木尺来标记雕刻的线条”，和后文逐步雕刻石像的内容衔接，符合建造相关的描述。
5. 该部分主题是人为破坏，B选项“一些游客粗心触碰石雕，让部分精细的地方磨损变得模糊不清”，属于人为破坏的具体表现，符合语境。
任务二解析：
1. 原文明确说明龙门石窟位于河南省洛阳市伊河岸边，对应A选项。
2. 文章提到古代工匠在没有现代机械的条件下完成了石窟雕刻，这些雕刻者是古代中国的劳动者，对应B选项。
3. 原文第一段直接点明人们雕刻龙门石窟的时长超过400年，对应C选项。
4. 文中指出石窟目前面临两大伤害：人为破坏和自然破坏，这是石窟陷入危险的原因，对应B选项。
5. 文中给出的游览保护建议第二条就是遵守参观规则，不要触碰、攀爬石雕，对应A选项。
任务三解析：
所有问题都可以从原文内容找到对应依据，按照疑问句的回答规范整理出符合要求的答案即可，开放性问题给出合理可行的保护方案即可。
1. 空格后介绍了石窟的雕刻时长、石壁上的佛像与壁画，C选项“这些石窟占地面积很大，有成千上万的洞窟和不同形态的石像”是对龙门石窟整体概况的介绍，放在段首可以自然引出后续细节描述，符合语境。
2. 空格前介绍了龙门石窟所在地的岩石特质和温和气候，A选项“在周边的山里也发现了同风格的小型石雕”，和后文“这个特殊的地方让石窟完好保存超过1500年”呼应，衔接地理位置相关的内容。
3. 该部分主题是人们对石窟建造用途的看法，空格后出现"Some also..."的表述，D选项“大多数人认为它们是为佛教宗教活动建造的”，符合“先讲主流观点，再补充其他观点”的行文逻辑。
4. 该部分主题是石窟的建造方式，空格前提到古代工匠没有现代机械，E选项“他们可能使用简单的凿子、锤子和木尺来标记雕刻的线条”，和后文逐步雕刻石像的内容衔接，符合建造相关的描述。
5. 该部分主题是人为破坏，B选项“一些游客粗心触碰石雕，让部分精细的地方磨损变得模糊不清”，属于人为破坏的具体表现，符合语境。
任务二解析：
1. 原文明确说明龙门石窟位于河南省洛阳市伊河岸边，对应A选项。
2. 文章提到古代工匠在没有现代机械的条件下完成了石窟雕刻，这些雕刻者是古代中国的劳动者，对应B选项。
3. 原文第一段直接点明人们雕刻龙门石窟的时长超过400年，对应C选项。
4. 文中指出石窟目前面临两大伤害：人为破坏和自然破坏，这是石窟陷入危险的原因，对应B选项。
5. 文中给出的游览保护建议第二条就是遵守参观规则，不要触碰、攀爬石雕，对应A选项。
任务三解析：
所有问题都可以从原文内容找到对应依据，按照疑问句的回答规范整理出符合要求的答案即可，开放性问题给出合理可行的保护方案即可。
