四、根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Do you know anything about the Dead Sea? Here are some facts about it.
The Dead Sea is one 1. the world's most famous natural wonders. Many people think it gets its name because there's no life in it, 2. that's not the whole story. Long ago, the area was part of a lively ecosystem. However, over time, geological changes made the water extremely salty. Gradually, most living things couldn't survive in such a terrible environment.
During the day, the Dead Sea can be 3. hottest place in some seasons. At night, though, the temperature drops, bringing a bit of relief (缓解). Many small animals like insects and birds choose 4. live nearby. These animals can survive for long periods without fresh water. There 5. also people living around the Dead Sea. They've learned to make use of the unique resources.

1. of 2. but 3. the 4. to 5. are

【分析】
拿到这类语篇限词填空，首先第一步先通读全文，明确短文是介绍死海相关常识的，把握整体语境逻辑。接下来逐个分析空格：第一空看到前面有one，后面是形容词最高级修饰的名词短语，立刻联想到最高级相关的固定搭配；第二空需要判断前后两个分句的逻辑关系，前半句说大众普遍的误解，后半句说事实并非如此，明显是转折逻辑；第三空后面是形容词最高级hottest，回忆形容词最高级的使用规则；第四空前面是动词choose，后面是动词原形live，对应固定的动词搭配结构；第五空是there be句型，看后面的名词单复数就能确定be动词形式，最后把填的词代入通读验证通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 此处考查固定结构one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，意为“最……之一”，符合句意“死海是世界上最著名的自然奇观之一”，故填of。
2. 前半句表述很多人对死海名字由来的错误认知，后半句说明这不是全部真相，前后是转折关系，用转折连词but连接，故填but。
3. 空格后是形容词最高级hottest，英语语法中形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，故填the。
4. 此处是固定搭配choose to do sth.，意为“选择做某事”，不定式作choose的宾语，故填to。
5. 本句是there be句型，遵循就近原则，后面的名词people是复数概念，全文使用一般现在时，所以be动词用are，故填are。
【答案】
1. of 2. but 3. the 4. to 5. are
【知识点】
固定搭配，形容词最高级，there be句型
【点评】
本题属于基础语篇语法填空题，全部考点都是初中阶段核心的基础句法和固定搭配，没有设置偏难怪的陷阱，只要学生平时牢记基础语法规则、能理清上下文的逻辑关系，就可以顺利推导出每个空的答案，做完后代入全文通读可以快速验证答案是否合理。
【难度系数】
0.8

五、同学们，学校打算举办“世界之最我知道”的知识征集活动啦！从浩瀚的沙漠到巍峨的山脉，再从蜿蜒的河流到神秘的雨林，大自然创造了无数令人惊叹的奇迹。请你查阅相关资料，在下面的表格中写出你所知道的“世界之最”（至少三个），和大家一起探索这颗星球的奥秘吧！

1.
Place: The Sahara Desert
Measurement: About 9,200,000 square kilometers
Description: It is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers most of North Africa.
2.
Place: The Nile
Measurement: About 6,650 kilometers long
Description: It is the longest river in the world. It flows through 11 countries in northeastern Africa.
3.
Place: Mount Qomolangma
Measurement: About 8,848.86 meters high
Description: It is the highest mountain in the world. It stands on the border between China and Nepal.

【分析】
这是一道结合地理常识与英文表达的开放性实践题，解题思路非常清晰：第一步先筛选自己熟知的、公认度高的“世界之最”类地理事物，优先选择数据明确、特征清晰的经典地理景观；第二步对应表格的三列要求依次填写内容：第一列Place填写该地理事物的名称，第二列Measurement填写它对应的核心量化指标（面积、长度、高度等），第三列Description补充它的地位、分布等相关特征，保证信息准确无误，填写数量不少于3个即可完成要求。
【解析】
我们选取3个最具代表性的经典世界之最，按照表格栏目要求依次填写：
1. 第一个地理事物选撒哈拉沙漠：
Place填写撒哈拉沙漠的标准英文名称The Sahara Desert，Measurement填写它的面积数据About 9,200,000 square kilometers，Description补充它的属性和分布特征It is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers most of North Africa。
2. 第二个地理事物选尼罗河：
Place填写尼罗河的标准英文名称The Nile，Measurement填写它的长度数据About 6,650 kilometers long，Description补充它的属性和流经特征It is the longest river in the world. It flows through 11 countries in northeastern Africa。
3. 第三个地理事物选珠穆朗玛峰：
Place填写珠穆朗玛峰的标准英文名称Mount Qomolangma，Measurement填写它的海拔高度数据About 8,848.86 meters high，Description补充它的属性和地理位置特征It is the highest mountain in the world. It stands on the border between China and Nepal。
【答案】
1.
Place: The Sahara Desert
Measurement: About 9,200,000 square kilometers
Description: It is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers most of North Africa.
2.
Place: The Nile
Measurement: About 6,650 kilometers long
Description: It is the longest river in the world. It flows through 11 countries in northeastern Africa.
3.
Place: Mount Qomolangma
Measurement: About 8,848.86 meters high
Description: It is the highest mountain in the world. It stands on the border between China and Nepal.
【知识点】
世界地理之最，地理数据识记，英文地理表述
【点评】
本题属于趣味科普实践类题目，没有硬性的唯一标准答案，核心目的是引导学生主动拓展地理课外知识，锻炼信息检索能力，同时结合英文填写的要求，兼顾了语言能力的锻炼，只要选取的世界之最信息准确、对应栏目填写匹配就可以得分。
【难度系数】
0.7