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二、综合填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emily is a college student. She often picks
Emily started this after noticing the rubbish on the streets while
So far, Emily has collected lots of rubbish. But she tries not to take too much to her apartment so as not to make her roommates unhappy.
"I know exactly how she felt. In order to bring attention to the problem of rubbish, she is
"Emily's rubbish project makes me feel
Emily created a social media account to share the artworks she creates. "I just want people to realize there is too much rubbish on the streets. I think people aren't allowed to throw rubbish everywhere. And we can do something about it," she said. "If everyone just takes
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emily is a college student. She often picks
up
1 rubbish on her way to school in order to create art. She hopes her artworks will make people realize how important it is to protect
2 (protect) the environment.Emily started this after noticing the rubbish on the streets while
riding
3 (ride) to school. She thought it might be funny to make art out of rubbish. Then she brought
4 (bring) a bag as she rode to school and filled it up as she went. What she collected was
5 (be) only smaller pieces of rubbish.So far, Emily has collected lots of rubbish. But she tries not to take too much to her apartment so as not to make her roommates unhappy.
"I know exactly how she felt. In order to bring attention to the problem of rubbish, she is
willing
6 (will) to do something that most people wouldn't do," Kate, Emily's roommate, said."Emily's rubbish project makes me feel
uncomfortable
7 (comfort) but it's also a great idea. That's why
8 I support (支持)," said Molly, another of Emily's roommates.Emily created a social media account to share the artworks she creates. "I just want people to realize there is too much rubbish on the streets. I think people aren't allowed to throw rubbish everywhere. And we can do something about it," she said. "If everyone just takes
a
9 moment to think twice when they see something on the ground, he or she will make
10 (make) a bigger difference than I will by creating lots of art."答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了大学生艾米丽将环保行动转化为艺术创作——每天上学路上捡拾垃圾制成艺术品，用独特方式唤醒人们的环保意识的事情。
1. up 2. to protect 3. riding 4. brought 5. was
6. willing 7. uncomfortable 8. why 9. a 10. will make
1. up 2. to protect 3. riding 4. brought 5. was
6. willing 7. uncomfortable 8. why 9. a 10. will make
解析
【分析】
这是一篇记叙类语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，理清文章叙事主线：介绍大学生Emily捡垃圾创作艺术作品呼吁环保的故事，整体叙事以一般过去时为主，夹杂当下人物的观点表述。接下来逐空对应考点分析：首先优先回忆常见固定搭配，其次判断句子结构确定非谓语、时态变化，遇到词性提示的空要结合上下文语义确定词性转换方向，遇到无提示词的空要判断是介词、冠词还是从句引导词，结合逻辑选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 考查固定短语，pick up是固定搭配，意为“捡起、拾取”，句中表达捡垃圾的含义，故填up。
2. 考查固定句型，it is + 形容词 + to do sth是固定结构，it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，此处表达保护环境的重要性，故填to protect。
3. 考查状语从句的省略，完整结构为while she was riding to school，当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可省略主语和be动词，故填riding。
4. 考查一般过去时，此处描述Emily过去开始这项活动之后的行为，动作发生在过去，bring的过去式为brought，故填brought。
5. 考查主谓一致和时态，主语是What she collected引导的主语从句，视作单数概念，描述过去收集的东西的属性，be动词用was，故填was。
6. 考查固定搭配，be willing to do sth意为“愿意做某事”，此处需要将所给名词will转换为形容词willing，故填willing。
7. 考查词性转换和逻辑判断，后文出现转折连词but，说明前后语义相反，后文提到“这也是个很棒的主意”，前文表达的是“让我觉得不舒服”，因此将名词comfort转换为否定含义的形容词uncomfortable，故填uncomfortable。
8. 考查表语从句引导词，That's why...是常用结构，意为“那就是……的原因”，句意为“那就是我支持它的原因”，故填why。
9. 考查冠词，take a moment是固定搭配，意为“花一点时间”，故填不定冠词a。
10. 考查条件状语从句的时态，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”规则，从句用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，故填will make。
【答案】
1. up 2. to protect 3. riding 4. brought 5. was 6. willing 7. uncomfortable 8. why 9. a 10. will make
【知识点】
固定短语搭配，非谓语动词，时态辨析
【点评】
本题考点均为中学英语核心基础考点，难度适中，大部分空可以通过常见固定搭配直接得出答案，仅第7空需要结合转折逻辑反向推导语义，容易出现误填正向形容词的失误，整体能很好地考察学生对基础语法和上下文逻辑的掌握能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇记叙类语法填空题，解题时首先要通读全文，理清文章叙事主线：介绍大学生Emily捡垃圾创作艺术作品呼吁环保的故事，整体叙事以一般过去时为主，夹杂当下人物的观点表述。接下来逐空对应考点分析：首先优先回忆常见固定搭配，其次判断句子结构确定非谓语、时态变化，遇到词性提示的空要结合上下文语义确定词性转换方向，遇到无提示词的空要判断是介词、冠词还是从句引导词，结合逻辑选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 考查固定短语，pick up是固定搭配，意为“捡起、拾取”，句中表达捡垃圾的含义，故填up。
2. 考查固定句型，it is + 形容词 + to do sth是固定结构，it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语，此处表达保护环境的重要性，故填to protect。
3. 考查状语从句的省略，完整结构为while she was riding to school，当时间状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可省略主语和be动词，故填riding。
4. 考查一般过去时，此处描述Emily过去开始这项活动之后的行为，动作发生在过去，bring的过去式为brought，故填brought。
5. 考查主谓一致和时态，主语是What she collected引导的主语从句，视作单数概念，描述过去收集的东西的属性，be动词用was，故填was。
6. 考查固定搭配，be willing to do sth意为“愿意做某事”，此处需要将所给名词will转换为形容词willing，故填willing。
7. 考查词性转换和逻辑判断，后文出现转折连词but，说明前后语义相反，后文提到“这也是个很棒的主意”，前文表达的是“让我觉得不舒服”，因此将名词comfort转换为否定含义的形容词uncomfortable，故填uncomfortable。
8. 考查表语从句引导词，That's why...是常用结构，意为“那就是……的原因”，句意为“那就是我支持它的原因”，故填why。
9. 考查冠词，take a moment是固定搭配，意为“花一点时间”，故填不定冠词a。
10. 考查条件状语从句的时态，if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”规则，从句用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，故填will make。
【答案】
1. up 2. to protect 3. riding 4. brought 5. was 6. willing 7. uncomfortable 8. why 9. a 10. will make
【知识点】
固定短语搭配，非谓语动词，时态辨析
【点评】
本题考点均为中学英语核心基础考点，难度适中，大部分空可以通过常见固定搭配直接得出答案，仅第7空需要结合转折逻辑反向推导语义，容易出现误填正向形容词的失误，整体能很好地考察学生对基础语法和上下文逻辑的掌握能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
三、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
When we turn on the tap (水龙头) and hot water comes out, do you know the development of the invention? The earliest baths appeared around 4,000 years ago and showers (淋浴) were in use about 300 years ago. Today, many people have both a bath and a shower in their homes. Some people take a shower to wake them up in the morning, while others say a bath at night makes them feel relaxed and have a good sleep.
Are baths better than showers? Having a bath is relaxing while showers are quick. Which should we choose? People have discussed this. Let's have a closer look.
Yes—a bath washes the mind and body. Baths are about much more than cleanliness. They are places to relax and you can think about the coming day so that you can plan tomorrow well there. You will have to do nothing in a bath but read or eat if you want. Most people have been used to (习惯) bathing since they were born. For the first few years of a person's life, they are bathed before bed, not showered.
No—showers are quick and cheap. The cost of baths is more than that of showers. Experts (专家) recently worked out that a year of two baths a day costs £438 but a year of two showers a day costs just £161. Showers are better for the environment because they use less water and energy. What's more, showers are efficient (高效的) when you hurriedly get ready in the morning. You just need 3 minutes to finish it and it means you can stay in bed for extra time.
Now, you've learnt a bit more about it. You are hoped to join in the discussion (讨论) and make your choice. Next week, the result will be published.
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________
6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________ 9. __________ 10. __________
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
When we turn on the tap (水龙头) and hot water comes out, do you know the development of the invention? The earliest baths appeared around 4,000 years ago and showers (淋浴) were in use about 300 years ago. Today, many people have both a bath and a shower in their homes. Some people take a shower to wake them up in the morning, while others say a bath at night makes them feel relaxed and have a good sleep.
Are baths better than showers? Having a bath is relaxing while showers are quick. Which should we choose? People have discussed this. Let's have a closer look.
Yes—a bath washes the mind and body. Baths are about much more than cleanliness. They are places to relax and you can think about the coming day so that you can plan tomorrow well there. You will have to do nothing in a bath but read or eat if you want. Most people have been used to (习惯) bathing since they were born. For the first few years of a person's life, they are bathed before bed, not showered.
No—showers are quick and cheap. The cost of baths is more than that of showers. Experts (专家) recently worked out that a year of two baths a day costs £438 but a year of two showers a day costs just £161. Showers are better for the environment because they use less water and energy. What's more, showers are efficient (高效的) when you hurriedly get ready in the morning. You just need 3 minutes to finish it and it means you can stay in bed for extra time.
Now, you've learnt a bit more about it. You are hoped to join in the discussion (讨论) and make your choice. Next week, the result will be published.
1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________
6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________ 9. __________ 10. __________
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文，主要对比了泡澡和淋浴的好处。
1. earlier 2. themselves 3. discussion 4. plan 5. like
6. birth 7. save 8. using 9. hurry 10. if
1. earlier 2. themselves 3. discussion 4. plan 5. like
6. birth 7. save 8. using 9. hurry 10. if
解析
【分析】
做这道任务型阅读题时，我们可以按照「先通读全文把握主旨，再对照表格逐空回原文定位，最后结合语法规则确定正确词形」的思路解题：
1. 先明确文章核心是对比泡澡和淋浴的特点，表格分为事实介绍、两者的对比观点、投票邀请三个部分；
2. 每个空先找到原文对应的原句，提取相关含义，再结合空格前后的搭配要求，把原文内容转化为符合空格要求的单个单词，同时保证语义通顺、语法正确。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段"The earliest baths appeared around 4,000 years ago and showers were in use about 300 years ago"，可知浴缸比淋浴出现早得多，much后接形容词比较级，填earlier。
2. 定位原文第一段"a bath at night makes them feel relaxed"，对应搭配relax oneself（放松自我），指代前文的others，反身代词用themselves。
3. 定位原文第二段"Are baths better than showers? ... People have discussed this"，可知这里是关于泡澡和淋浴的讨论，不定冠词A后接名词discussion。
4. 定位原文第三段"you can plan tomorrow well there"，对应搭配make a good plan for tomorrow，填名词plan。
5. 空格后是列举的活动reading, eating，此处表示“比如、像”，用介词like。
6. 定位原文第三段"Most people have been used to bathing since they were born"，since they were born同义转换为since birth，填名词birth。
7. 定位原文第四段"No—showers are quick and cheap. The cost of baths is more than that of showers"，可知淋浴可以省钱，help后接动词原形save。
8. 定位原文第四段"Showers are better for the environment because they use less water and energy"，空格前是介词by，介词后接动名词，填using。
9. 定位原文第四段"showers are efficient when you hurriedly get ready in the morning"，hurriedly同义转换为固定短语in a hurry，填hurry。
10. 定位原文最后一段"make your choice"，句意为“如果你认为泡澡比淋浴更好/更差，就投Yes/No”，引导条件状语从句填if。
【答案】
1. earlier 2. themselves 3. discussion 4. plan 5. like 6. birth 7. save 8. using 9. hurry 10. if
【知识点】
任务型阅读，词形转换，固定短语
【点评】
本题属于信息提取类任务型阅读，大部分空格可以直接通过定位原文找到对应依据，仅少数空格需要进行同义转换、词形变化，既考查学生快速定位文本信息的能力，也兼顾了对基础词汇、常用搭配的掌握情况，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这道任务型阅读题时，我们可以按照「先通读全文把握主旨，再对照表格逐空回原文定位，最后结合语法规则确定正确词形」的思路解题：
1. 先明确文章核心是对比泡澡和淋浴的特点，表格分为事实介绍、两者的对比观点、投票邀请三个部分；
2. 每个空先找到原文对应的原句，提取相关含义，再结合空格前后的搭配要求，把原文内容转化为符合空格要求的单个单词，同时保证语义通顺、语法正确。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段"The earliest baths appeared around 4,000 years ago and showers were in use about 300 years ago"，可知浴缸比淋浴出现早得多，much后接形容词比较级，填earlier。
2. 定位原文第一段"a bath at night makes them feel relaxed"，对应搭配relax oneself（放松自我），指代前文的others，反身代词用themselves。
3. 定位原文第二段"Are baths better than showers? ... People have discussed this"，可知这里是关于泡澡和淋浴的讨论，不定冠词A后接名词discussion。
4. 定位原文第三段"you can plan tomorrow well there"，对应搭配make a good plan for tomorrow，填名词plan。
5. 空格后是列举的活动reading, eating，此处表示“比如、像”，用介词like。
6. 定位原文第三段"Most people have been used to bathing since they were born"，since they were born同义转换为since birth，填名词birth。
7. 定位原文第四段"No—showers are quick and cheap. The cost of baths is more than that of showers"，可知淋浴可以省钱，help后接动词原形save。
8. 定位原文第四段"Showers are better for the environment because they use less water and energy"，空格前是介词by，介词后接动名词，填using。
9. 定位原文第四段"showers are efficient when you hurriedly get ready in the morning"，hurriedly同义转换为固定短语in a hurry，填hurry。
10. 定位原文最后一段"make your choice"，句意为“如果你认为泡澡比淋浴更好/更差，就投Yes/No”，引导条件状语从句填if。
【答案】
1. earlier 2. themselves 3. discussion 4. plan 5. like 6. birth 7. save 8. using 9. hurry 10. if
【知识点】
任务型阅读，词形转换，固定短语
【点评】
本题属于信息提取类任务型阅读，大部分空格可以直接通过定位原文找到对应依据，仅少数空格需要进行同义转换、词形变化，既考查学生快速定位文本信息的能力，也兼顾了对基础词汇、常用搭配的掌握情况，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
