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Ⅱ. 阅读理解。
(A)
Mothers always tell their children what they should eat.
When Kang kang was a child, his mother often told him, "Be careful not to eat too much salt or sugar." She said it might cause illness.
Maria's mother always took care of Maria very well. For example, Maria's teeth were very weak, so her mother said that she mustn't eat too much sugar or ice cream.
Milk is a healthy drink, Jane didn't like it, but her mother always forced her to drink it. Every morning before she left for school, she had to drink a glass of milk because her mother was always watching her.
During Michael's childhood, he had to eat many vegetables and fruit to keep healthy, Once, cabbage was on his plate. As soon as Michael saw it, he got mad. But his mother made him taste it, He was surprised to find that it was delicious!
根据短文内容,判断下列句子正(T)、误(F)。
(
(
(
(
(
(A)
Mothers always tell their children what they should eat.
When Kang kang was a child, his mother often told him, "Be careful not to eat too much salt or sugar." She said it might cause illness.
Maria's mother always took care of Maria very well. For example, Maria's teeth were very weak, so her mother said that she mustn't eat too much sugar or ice cream.
Milk is a healthy drink, Jane didn't like it, but her mother always forced her to drink it. Every morning before she left for school, she had to drink a glass of milk because her mother was always watching her.
During Michael's childhood, he had to eat many vegetables and fruit to keep healthy, Once, cabbage was on his plate. As soon as Michael saw it, he got mad. But his mother made him taste it, He was surprised to find that it was delicious!
根据短文内容,判断下列句子正(T)、误(F)。
(
T
)1. Kangkang liked to eat much sugar when he was a child.(
F
)2. Maria's teeth were strong because she liked eating ice cream.(
F
)3. Jane didn't like drinking milk or vegetables.(
T
)4. By chance Michael found that cabbage was good.(
T
)5. Often our mothers' advice is good for our health.答案
1~5 TFFTT
解析
【分析】做阅读理解判断正误题，需先通读短文把握主旨，再针对每个小题的表述，定位到原文对应细节内容，将句子与原文信息逐一比对，表述一致则为正（T），不一致则为误（F）。
【解析】1. 原文第二段提到Kangkang的妈妈告诫他不要吃太多糖，并未提及他小时候喜欢吃大量糖，故该句错误；2. 原文第三段指出Maria牙齿很弱，妈妈不让她吃太多糖或冰淇淋，与题目表述矛盾，故该句错误；3. 原文第四段仅说明Jane不喜欢牛奶，未提及她不喜欢蔬菜，故该句错误；4. 原文第五段提到Michael看到卷心菜很生气，妈妈让他尝后他惊讶发现卷心菜美味，即偶然发现卷心菜好，故该句正确；5. 全文围绕妈妈让孩子吃健康食物的建议展开，说明这类建议对健康有益，故该句正确。
【答案】TFFTT
【知识点】阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】本题为初中英语基础阅读理解的细节判断题，核心考查学生定位原文信息并对比判断的能力，难度适中，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 原文第二段提到Kangkang的妈妈告诫他不要吃太多糖，并未提及他小时候喜欢吃大量糖，故该句错误；2. 原文第三段指出Maria牙齿很弱，妈妈不让她吃太多糖或冰淇淋，与题目表述矛盾，故该句错误；3. 原文第四段仅说明Jane不喜欢牛奶，未提及她不喜欢蔬菜，故该句错误；4. 原文第五段提到Michael看到卷心菜很生气，妈妈让他尝后他惊讶发现卷心菜美味，即偶然发现卷心菜好，故该句正确；5. 全文围绕妈妈让孩子吃健康食物的建议展开，说明这类建议对健康有益，故该句正确。
【答案】TFFTT
【知识点】阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】本题为初中英语基础阅读理解的细节判断题，核心考查学生定位原文信息并对比判断的能力，难度适中，适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】0.7
(B)
More children in China are being too fat, in 2018, 16% of Chinese children and teenagers were overweight or obese (肥胖的), according to the National Health Commission.
Being too fat is bad for children's health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), overweight and obese children may have some diseases at a younger age, and even have a higher chance of death.
On Oct. 23, the National Health Commission worked out a plan to prevent and control the problem, The plan wants to cut the rate of obesity among children aged 0~18 years by 70% from 2020 to 2030, Xinhua reported.
Kids are putting on weight because of changes in their diet and lifestyle, according to experts. Too much schoolwork and greater use of electronic devices （电子产品）could also be a cause.
According to the plan, teachers should not make their classes too late or too early. They should make sure that students have breaks and enough physical activity. Primary and secondary school students should do sports for at least three hours each week.
Parents should cut their children's use of electronic devices and stop their children from eating foods that are high in sugar, fat and salt.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
(
A. A recent WHO report.
B. The causes of being too fat.
C. Some Chinese children's diseases.
D. The risks of being too fat.
(
A. To help with students' PE scores.
B. To stop children from being ill.
C. To cut the rate of obesity among children.
D. To encourage children to live happily.
(
A. 18 years.
B. 10 years.
C. 3 years.
D. We don't know.
(
A. Give children more time to exercise.
B. Stop children from using electronic devices.
C. Stop children from eating junk food.
D. Make their classes early.
(
A. Chinese people's health conditions.
B. Why Chinese children love junk food?
C. What Chinese students do during their breaks?
D. Action that China is taking to reduce childhood obesity.
More children in China are being too fat, in 2018, 16% of Chinese children and teenagers were overweight or obese (肥胖的), according to the National Health Commission.
Being too fat is bad for children's health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), overweight and obese children may have some diseases at a younger age, and even have a higher chance of death.
On Oct. 23, the National Health Commission worked out a plan to prevent and control the problem, The plan wants to cut the rate of obesity among children aged 0~18 years by 70% from 2020 to 2030, Xinhua reported.
Kids are putting on weight because of changes in their diet and lifestyle, according to experts. Too much schoolwork and greater use of electronic devices （电子产品）could also be a cause.
According to the plan, teachers should not make their classes too late or too early. They should make sure that students have breaks and enough physical activity. Primary and secondary school students should do sports for at least three hours each week.
Parents should cut their children's use of electronic devices and stop their children from eating foods that are high in sugar, fat and salt.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
(
D
)1. What is Paragraph 2 about?A. A recent WHO report.
B. The causes of being too fat.
C. Some Chinese children's diseases.
D. The risks of being too fat.
(
C
)2. What does the plan want to do?A. To help with students' PE scores.
B. To stop children from being ill.
C. To cut the rate of obesity among children.
D. To encourage children to live happily.
(
B
)3. How long will the plan last?A. 18 years.
B. 10 years.
C. 3 years.
D. We don't know.
(
A
)4. What should schools do according to the plan?A. Give children more time to exercise.
B. Stop children from using electronic devices.
C. Stop children from eating junk food.
D. Make their classes early.
(
D
)5. What is the passage mainly about?A. Chinese people's health conditions.
B. Why Chinese children love junk food?
C. What Chinese students do during their breaks?
D. Action that China is taking to reduce childhood obesity.
答案
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D
解析
【分析】
做本题需先明确题目类型（细节理解题、主旨大意题），再根据题干关键词回原文定位对应段落/语句，对比选项得出答案：
1. 第1题问第二段主旨，回读第二段内容，判断核心；
2. 第2题问计划目的，找原文中计划的目标描述；
3. 第3题问计划时长，提取计划的时间范围计算；
4. 第4题问学校措施，定位原文中学校相关的要求，区分学校与家长的职责；
5. 第5题问全文主旨，梳理各段核心内容，总结整体话题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第二段首句点明“肥胖对儿童健康有害”，后续引用WHO说明超重/肥胖儿童易早生病、死亡率更高，核心是肥胖的风险，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：第三段明确提到“计划要将0~18岁儿童肥胖率降低70%”，与选项C“降低儿童肥胖率”一致，故选C。
3. 第3题：计划时间范围是2020年至2030年，时长为2030-2020=10年，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：第五段指出学校需确保学生休息和足够体育活动（每周至少3小时运动），对应选项A；B、C是家长的职责，D与原文“不要把课安排得太晚或太早”相悖，排除。
5. 第5题：全文围绕中国儿童肥胖问题，以及国家卫健委出台的防控计划展开，对应选项D“中国为减少儿童肥胖采取的行动”。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节定位、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，侧重考查学生信息定位、段落及全文主旨的理解能力，题目多为基础细节题，难度适中，只要仔细回文核对即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
做本题需先明确题目类型（细节理解题、主旨大意题），再根据题干关键词回原文定位对应段落/语句，对比选项得出答案：
1. 第1题问第二段主旨，回读第二段内容，判断核心；
2. 第2题问计划目的，找原文中计划的目标描述；
3. 第3题问计划时长，提取计划的时间范围计算；
4. 第4题问学校措施，定位原文中学校相关的要求，区分学校与家长的职责；
5. 第5题问全文主旨，梳理各段核心内容，总结整体话题。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第二段首句点明“肥胖对儿童健康有害”，后续引用WHO说明超重/肥胖儿童易早生病、死亡率更高，核心是肥胖的风险，对应选项D。
2. 第2题：第三段明确提到“计划要将0~18岁儿童肥胖率降低70%”，与选项C“降低儿童肥胖率”一致，故选C。
3. 第3题：计划时间范围是2020年至2030年，时长为2030-2020=10年，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：第五段指出学校需确保学生休息和足够体育活动（每周至少3小时运动），对应选项A；B、C是家长的职责，D与原文“不要把课安排得太晚或太早”相悖，排除。
5. 第5题：全文围绕中国儿童肥胖问题，以及国家卫健委出台的防控计划展开，对应选项D“中国为减少儿童肥胖采取的行动”。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D
【知识点】
阅读理解、细节定位、主旨大意
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，侧重考查学生信息定位、段落及全文主旨的理解能力，题目多为基础细节题，难度适中，只要仔细回文核对即可正确解答。
【难度系数】
0.6
