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三、信息还原(每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)
阅读下面短文，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
How many close friends do you have? And does the number of friends you have play a role in your life?
Researchers in Australia studied 1,500 people over 70 and found that those with strong friendships live longer. 31 For example, people with close friends are more likely to exercise, eat well, and feel good about themselves.
Friendships also influence wealth. An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, found that if you make more friends at school, you’ll make more money in later life. People need good social skills at work to communicate with people and work in a team successfully. These are the same skills we use to make friends at school.
32 On average, teenagers have 500 online “friends”, while adults have 130. But according to Oxford Professor Robin Dunbar, people regularly (定期) communicate with only about 150. He suggests we typically have five very close friends, ten more we contact (联系) sometimes, 35 we share hobbies with, and 100 we don’t know well. 33
However, having too many online friends might be harmful (有害的). 34 Seeing others’ “perfect lives” can make people feel bad, and being popular online can cause social stress.
If you have a lot of online “friends”, try this: first take away all the people you can’t remember. 35 And finally take away friends whom you wouldn’t care if you lost touch with. How many do you have left? How many of these people are good friends? According to the research, these are the only people who really matter.
A. Online networks make it easy to stay in touch.
B. More than this, relationships become less meaningful.
C. The more online friends we have, the happier we will be.
D. One key reason is that good friends encourage healthy habits.
E. Then take those you haven’t been in touch with for a year away.
F. So it’s not necessary to share everything with your close friends.
G. A study found that highly sociable users experienced more worries.
31.
阅读下面短文，从方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余。
How many close friends do you have? And does the number of friends you have play a role in your life?
Researchers in Australia studied 1,500 people over 70 and found that those with strong friendships live longer. 31 For example, people with close friends are more likely to exercise, eat well, and feel good about themselves.
Friendships also influence wealth. An American study of 10,000 students, over a period of 35 years, found that if you make more friends at school, you’ll make more money in later life. People need good social skills at work to communicate with people and work in a team successfully. These are the same skills we use to make friends at school.
32 On average, teenagers have 500 online “friends”, while adults have 130. But according to Oxford Professor Robin Dunbar, people regularly (定期) communicate with only about 150. He suggests we typically have five very close friends, ten more we contact (联系) sometimes, 35 we share hobbies with, and 100 we don’t know well. 33
However, having too many online friends might be harmful (有害的). 34 Seeing others’ “perfect lives” can make people feel bad, and being popular online can cause social stress.
If you have a lot of online “friends”, try this: first take away all the people you can’t remember. 35 And finally take away friends whom you wouldn’t care if you lost touch with. How many do you have left? How many of these people are good friends? According to the research, these are the only people who really matter.
A. Online networks make it easy to stay in touch.
B. More than this, relationships become less meaningful.
C. The more online friends we have, the happier we will be.
D. One key reason is that good friends encourage healthy habits.
E. Then take those you haven’t been in touch with for a year away.
F. So it’s not necessary to share everything with your close friends.
G. A study found that highly sociable users experienced more worries.
31.
D
32. C
33. A
34. G
35. E
答案
31~35 DCAGE
解析
【分析】
做信息还原题需紧密结合上下文的逻辑关系，如因果、承接、例证等，逐一匹配选项：
1. 第31空：前文指出“有牢固友谊的人更长寿”的结论，后文举例说明有密友的人更易保持健康生活习惯，此处需要引出长寿原因的过渡句，衔接前后内容。
2. 第32空：后文围绕线上朋友的数量展开介绍，此处需要开启线上朋友数量相关的话题，自然过渡到后文的具体数据。
3. 第33空：前文提到人们线上朋友数量多但实际定期联系的仅约150个，此处需要解释人们能拥有大量线上朋友的原因，符合语境逻辑。
4. 第34空：前文提出“拥有太多线上朋友可能有害”的观点，后文具体说明危害表现，此处需要引出具体危害的句子，承接前文观点。
5. 第35空：前文有“first take away...”，后文有“finally take away...”，此处需要中间步骤的句子，构成连贯的建议流程。
【解析】
31. 选D。前文提出有牢固友谊的人更长寿，后文举例说明健康生活习惯，D选项“一个关键原因是好朋友鼓励健康的习惯”既承接前文结论，又引出后文例证，逻辑连贯。
32. 选C。后文开始介绍不同人群的线上朋友数量，C选项“我们拥有的线上朋友越多，就会越快乐”引出线上朋友数量的话题，为后文内容做铺垫。
33. 选A。前文提到人们线上朋友多但实际联系少，A选项“网络让保持联系变得容易”解释了人们能拥有大量线上朋友的原因，符合语境。
34. 选G。前文指出拥有太多线上朋友可能有害，G选项“一项研究发现，社交活跃的用户会经历更多焦虑”承接前文观点，引出后文具体危害表现。
35. 选E。前文的“first”和后文的“finally”构成步骤顺序，E选项“Then take those you haven’t been in touch with for a year away.”中的“Then”与之呼应，形成连贯的建议流程。
【答案】
31~35 DCAGE
【知识点】
1. 上下文逻辑衔接
2. 信息还原解题技巧
3. 语境分析能力
【点评】
本题围绕“友谊的影响及线上朋友现状”展开，结合研究数据与实际建议，考查学生对文本逻辑关系的把握能力，要求学生精准匹配句子间的因果、承接等衔接点，对语境分析能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
做信息还原题需紧密结合上下文的逻辑关系，如因果、承接、例证等，逐一匹配选项：
1. 第31空：前文指出“有牢固友谊的人更长寿”的结论，后文举例说明有密友的人更易保持健康生活习惯，此处需要引出长寿原因的过渡句，衔接前后内容。
2. 第32空：后文围绕线上朋友的数量展开介绍，此处需要开启线上朋友数量相关的话题，自然过渡到后文的具体数据。
3. 第33空：前文提到人们线上朋友数量多但实际定期联系的仅约150个，此处需要解释人们能拥有大量线上朋友的原因，符合语境逻辑。
4. 第34空：前文提出“拥有太多线上朋友可能有害”的观点，后文具体说明危害表现，此处需要引出具体危害的句子，承接前文观点。
5. 第35空：前文有“first take away...”，后文有“finally take away...”，此处需要中间步骤的句子，构成连贯的建议流程。
【解析】
31. 选D。前文提出有牢固友谊的人更长寿，后文举例说明健康生活习惯，D选项“一个关键原因是好朋友鼓励健康的习惯”既承接前文结论，又引出后文例证，逻辑连贯。
32. 选C。后文开始介绍不同人群的线上朋友数量，C选项“我们拥有的线上朋友越多，就会越快乐”引出线上朋友数量的话题，为后文内容做铺垫。
33. 选A。前文提到人们线上朋友多但实际联系少，A选项“网络让保持联系变得容易”解释了人们能拥有大量线上朋友的原因，符合语境。
34. 选G。前文指出拥有太多线上朋友可能有害，G选项“一项研究发现，社交活跃的用户会经历更多焦虑”承接前文观点，引出后文具体危害表现。
35. 选E。前文的“first”和后文的“finally”构成步骤顺序，E选项“Then take those you haven’t been in touch with for a year away.”中的“Then”与之呼应，形成连贯的建议流程。
【答案】
31~35 DCAGE
【知识点】
1. 上下文逻辑衔接
2. 信息还原解题技巧
3. 语境分析能力
【点评】
本题围绕“友谊的影响及线上朋友现状”展开，结合研究数据与实际建议，考查学生对文本逻辑关系的把握能力，要求学生精准匹配句子间的因果、承接等衔接点，对语境分析能力有一定要求。
【难度系数】
0.6
四、任务型阅读(每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
When we turn on the tap and hot water comes out, do you know the development of the invention? The earliest baths appeared around 4,000 years ago and showers were in use about 300 years ago. Today, others say a bath at night makes them feel relaxed and have a good sleep.
Are baths better than showers? Having a bath is relaxing while showers are quick. Which should we choose? People have discussed this. Let’s have a closer look.
Yes—a bath washes the mind and body
Baths are about much more than cleanliness. They are places to relax and you can think about the coming day so that you can plan tomorrow well there. You will have to do nothing in a bath but read or eat if you want. Most people have been used to bathing since they were born. For the first few years of a person’s life, they are bathed before bed, not showered.
No—showers are quick and cheap
The cost of baths is more than that of showers. Experts recently worked out that a year of two baths a day costs £438 but a year of two showers a day costs just £161. Baths are more expensive. Showers are better for the environment because they use less water and energy. What’s more, showers are efficient (有效率的) when you don’t have much time in the morning. You just need 3 minutes to finish it and it means you can stay in bed for extra time.
Now, you’ve learned a bit more about it. You are encouraged to scan the QR code in the picture above to join in the discussion and make your choice. Next week, the result will be published.
36.
41.
阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后的表格里填入最恰当的单词，每个空格只填一个单词。
When we turn on the tap and hot water comes out, do you know the development of the invention? The earliest baths appeared around 4,000 years ago and showers were in use about 300 years ago. Today, others say a bath at night makes them feel relaxed and have a good sleep.
Are baths better than showers? Having a bath is relaxing while showers are quick. Which should we choose? People have discussed this. Let’s have a closer look.
Yes—a bath washes the mind and body
Baths are about much more than cleanliness. They are places to relax and you can think about the coming day so that you can plan tomorrow well there. You will have to do nothing in a bath but read or eat if you want. Most people have been used to bathing since they were born. For the first few years of a person’s life, they are bathed before bed, not showered.
No—showers are quick and cheap
The cost of baths is more than that of showers. Experts recently worked out that a year of two baths a day costs £438 but a year of two showers a day costs just £161. Baths are more expensive. Showers are better for the environment because they use less water and energy. What’s more, showers are efficient (有效率的) when you don’t have much time in the morning. You just need 3 minutes to finish it and it means you can stay in bed for extra time.
Now, you’ve learned a bit more about it. You are encouraged to scan the QR code in the picture above to join in the discussion and make your choice. Next week, the result will be published.
36.
earlier
37. themselves
38. plan
39. like
40. birth
41.
save
42. using
43. three-minute
44. Action
45. choose
答案
36. earlier 37. themselves 38. plan 39. like 40. birth 41. save 42. using 43. three-minute 44. Action 45. choose
解析
【分析】
这是一篇对比泡澡和淋浴的任务型阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心是对比泡澡和淋浴的特点、优劣势，理清表格各板块对应的文章段落；
2. 针对每个空，回到原文定位关键句，结合语境和语法规则（如比较级、反身代词、动名词、复合形容词等）提取或转换单词；
3. 最后核对每个空的单词是否符合“一词一空”的要求，确保语义和语法都通顺。
【解析】
36. 根据原文“The earliest baths appeared around 4,000 years ago and showers were in use about 300 years ago.”，可知泡澡比淋浴出现得更早，结合than提示的比较级语境，填earlier。
37. 原文“Today, others say a bath at night makes them feel relaxed and have a good sleep.”，此处表示“他们放松自己”，对应反身代词themselves。
38. 原文“you can think about the coming day so that you can plan tomorrow well there.”，对应“为明天做好计划”，填plan。
39. 原文“You will have to do nothing in a bath but read or eat if you want.”，这里是举例泡澡时可做的事，用like表示“比如”，填like。
40. 原文“Most people have been used to bathing since they were born.”，since后接名词birth，填birth。
41. 根据原文“The cost of baths is more than that of showers...Baths are more expensive.”，可知淋浴能省钱，填save。
42. 原文“Showers are better for the environment because they use less water and energy.”，by是介词，后接动名词形式，填using。
43. 原文“You just need 3 minutes to finish it”，用复合形容词three-minute修饰shower，填three-minute。
44. 最后一栏是号召读者参与的行动指令，作为板块标题填Action。
45. 原文“join in the discussion and make your choice”，对应“选择‘Yes’”，填choose。
【答案】
36. earlier
37. themselves
38. plan
39. like
40. birth
41. save
42. using
43. three-minute
44. Action
45. choose
【知识点】
1. 细节信息提取
2. 形容词比较级
3. 非谓语动词（动名词）
【点评】
本题围绕“泡澡和淋浴的对比”展开，既考查学生对文章细节的捕捉能力，又结合了基础语法点（如比较级、反身代词、复合形容词等），要求学生在理解文本的同时，灵活运用语法知识完成填空，综合考查阅读和语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇对比泡澡和淋浴的任务型阅读题，解题思路如下：
1. 先通读全文，明确文章核心是对比泡澡和淋浴的特点、优劣势，理清表格各板块对应的文章段落；
2. 针对每个空，回到原文定位关键句，结合语境和语法规则（如比较级、反身代词、动名词、复合形容词等）提取或转换单词；
3. 最后核对每个空的单词是否符合“一词一空”的要求，确保语义和语法都通顺。
【解析】
36. 根据原文“The earliest baths appeared around 4,000 years ago and showers were in use about 300 years ago.”，可知泡澡比淋浴出现得更早，结合than提示的比较级语境，填earlier。
37. 原文“Today, others say a bath at night makes them feel relaxed and have a good sleep.”，此处表示“他们放松自己”，对应反身代词themselves。
38. 原文“you can think about the coming day so that you can plan tomorrow well there.”，对应“为明天做好计划”，填plan。
39. 原文“You will have to do nothing in a bath but read or eat if you want.”，这里是举例泡澡时可做的事，用like表示“比如”，填like。
40. 原文“Most people have been used to bathing since they were born.”，since后接名词birth，填birth。
41. 根据原文“The cost of baths is more than that of showers...Baths are more expensive.”，可知淋浴能省钱，填save。
42. 原文“Showers are better for the environment because they use less water and energy.”，by是介词，后接动名词形式，填using。
43. 原文“You just need 3 minutes to finish it”，用复合形容词three-minute修饰shower，填three-minute。
44. 最后一栏是号召读者参与的行动指令，作为板块标题填Action。
45. 原文“join in the discussion and make your choice”，对应“选择‘Yes’”，填choose。
【答案】
36. earlier
37. themselves
38. plan
39. like
40. birth
41. save
42. using
43. three-minute
44. Action
45. choose
【知识点】
1. 细节信息提取
2. 形容词比较级
3. 非谓语动词（动名词）
【点评】
本题围绕“泡澡和淋浴的对比”展开，既考查学生对文章细节的捕捉能力，又结合了基础语法点（如比较级、反身代词、复合形容词等），要求学生在理解文本的同时，灵活运用语法知识完成填空，综合考查阅读和语法运用能力。
【难度系数】
0.6
