一、完形填空
体裁：记叙文
主题：人与动物
难度：★★★★★
In the past summer, Elaine spent long hours working in the McMurdo research station(研究站) in Antarctica. Her job was to look after the fire extinguishers(灭火器) and fire alarms. But on her days off, Elaine loved to explore(探索) ice and caves outside the 1 .
With winter coming, she'd go back home soon. Elaine wanted to do one more thing—to see a penguin closely before 2 Antarctica. She had heard stories about how people were 3 penguins and got close to them.
One night after dinner, someone said there was a penguin alone on the far side of the station. Hearing that, Elaine was 4 and rushed out, hoping to get a closer look. The day was sunny, but Elaine knew the 5 could change in a moment. A sudden storm could drop the temperature by 50℃ in just a few minutes. Elaine didn't think about the 6 . All she could think of was the penguin.
Walking on the ice alone, Elaine realized how 7 she was because she didn't even bring her warm hat or emergency radio. Suddenly, a strong wind knocked her off her feet. Then she saw something blue, the colour of danger. It came from a big hole below her. She was 8 on the thin ice. Nobody would ever find her 9 she broke through and fell into the hole.
With the wind gone, Elaine felt someone near. She couldn't believe her eyes. It was an emperor penguin! The penguin stood watching 10 . Seeing Elaine move, the bird walked away, then stopped and looked back. It seemed to be inviting her to 11 . As Elaine thought about 12 she could get out of the trouble, she heard the ice breaking. She decided to trust this bird. She spread her arms on the ice like wings, keeping her body flat, and 13 towards the penguin. Ahead, the penguin led the way. Elaine went after the penguin's path slowly. After a long time, with one last pull of her arms, Elaine stood on the ice 14 .
Her penguin guide would join her group for the long winter ahead. Thanks to that bird's 15 , Elaine would head home with a story that she'd never forget.
1. A. zoo
B. airport
C. hotel
D. station
2. A. working
B. leaving
C. returning
D. crossing
3. A. different from
B. clear of
C. interested in
D. afraid of
4. A. excited
B. bored
C. worried
D. relaxed
5. A. journey
B. time
C. weather
D. place
6. A. danger
B. accident
C. peace
D. chance
7. A. calm
B. careless
C. serious
D. confident
8. A. sleeping
B. crying
C. standing
D. lying
9. A. if
B. although
C. before
D. so
10. A. it
B. her
C. him
D. them
11. A. play
B. practise
C. follow
D. prepare
12. A. why
B. how
C. where
D. when
13. A. ran
B. jumped
C. moved
D. swam
14. A. safely
B. sadly
C. nervously
D. quietly
15. A. skill
B. hope
C. choice
D. help

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了伊莱恩去看企鹅，但是遭遇了危险，在帝企鹅的帮助下，她成功脱险。
1. D 根据“Elaine spent long hours working in the McMurdo research station”可知在不工作的时候，伊莱恩喜欢探索站外的冰和洞穴。故选 D。
2. B 根据“she'd go back home soon”可知是离开南极洲之前想再做一件事。故选 B。
3. C be different from 和……不同；be clear of 摆脱，解脱；be interested in 对……感兴趣；be afraid of 害怕。根据“how people ... got close to them”可知人们对企鹅感兴趣，想要接近它们。故选 C。
4. A 根据“there was a penguin alone on the far side of the station”可知听到研究站的另一边有企鹅，伊莱恩应该很兴奋。故选 A。
5. C 根据“A sudden storm could drop the temperature by 50°C in just a few minutes.”可知天气很快就会变化。故选 C。
6. A 根据“A sudden storm could drop the temperature by 50°C in just a few minutes.”可知气温很快就会下降 50°C，这是很危险的。此处指伊莱恩没有考虑这个危险。故选 A。
7. B 根据“because she didn't even bring her warm hat or emergency radio”可知她没有带保暖的帽子或应急收音机，可知是粗心的。故选 B。
8. D 根据“Suddenly, a strong wind knocked her off her feet.”和“She spread her arms on the ice like wings, keeping her body flat”可知大风把她吹倒在地，她正好看见了冰下的洞，之后她趴在冰上，双臂展开，慢慢离开。推测此时她躺在薄冰上。故选 D。
9. A 句意：如果她打破冰，掉进洞里，谁也找不到她。根据下文可知，她此刻没有打破冰掉进洞里，此处描述她推测的情况。后半句是前半句的条件，用 if 引导条件状语从句。故选 A。
10. B 此处指伊莱恩，用代词 her。故选 B。
11. C 根据“Ahead, the penguin led the way.”可知企鹅似乎在邀请她跟着它。故选 C。
12. B 根据“she could get out of the trouble”可知她在思考自己如何摆脱困境时冰裂开了。故选 B。
13. C 根据“towards the penguin”可知是向企鹅移动。故选 C。
14. A 根据“After a long time, with one last pull of her arms, Elaine stood on the ice”可知伊莱恩最终安全地站在了冰上。故选 A。
15. D 根据“Thanks to that bird's”和上文可知在帝企鹅的帮助下，伊莱恩成功脱险。故选 D。

【分析】
这是一篇人与动物主题的记叙文完形填空，解题第一步先通读全文，梳理清楚故事主线：在南极科考站工作的Elaine打算返程前近距离看企鹅，不顾极地恶劣天气的风险独自外出，不慎身处薄冰险境，最终在一只帝企鹅的引导下成功脱险。解题时不要孤立看单个句子选答案，要每道题都回到上下文找对应的线索提示，结合语境逻辑、词义辨析、固定搭配逐一排除错误选项，选出最贴合故事发展的答案。
【解析】
1. 前文明确提到Elaine在McMurdo科考站工作，对应休息日她喜欢探索科考站之外的冰面和洞穴，动物园、机场、酒店均不符合语境，选D。
2. 前句说明冬天来临她很快就要回家，所以是在离开南极之前想完成看企鹅的心愿，工作、返回、穿越均不符合逻辑，选B。
3. 后文提到人们会主动靠近企鹅，说明大家对企鹅很感兴趣，与…不同、摆脱、害怕的含义都不符合语境，选C。
4. 一直想近距离看企鹅的Elaine听说站边有落单的企鹅，第一反应应该是十分兴奋，无聊、担忧、放松的情绪都不符合她当下的状态，选A。
5. 后文提到突如其来的风暴几分钟就能降温50℃，说明这里描述的是极地天气瞬息万变，旅程、时间、地点均不符合指代对象，选C。
6. 前文已经点明极地天气变化极快，本身就存在极高风险，此时Elaine满脑子都是企鹅，完全没考虑这份危险，事故、平静、机会都不符合语境，选A。
7. 后文说明她连保暖帽和应急电台都没带，能看出她出门的行为十分粗心，冷静、严肃、自信的描述都不符合她忘带必备物资的状态，选B。
8. 前文提到大风把她吹倒在地，后文也提到她把手臂像翅膀一样摊在冰面上保持身体平躺，说明此时她正躺在薄冰上，睡觉、哭喊、站立都不符合当下的状态，选D。
9. 这句话是她的预判：如果冰面破裂掉进洞里，没人能找到她，用if引导条件状语从句符合逻辑，尽管、在…之前、所以都不符合句子逻辑关系，选A。
10. 这只帝企鹅站在那里看着Elaine，指代女性Elaine的宾格用her，选B。
11. 后文提到企鹅在前面带路，Elaine跟在后面，说明企鹅走开又回头是在邀请她跟上，玩耍、练习、准备都不符合情节发展，选C。
12. 此时Elaine身处险境，正在思考要怎么才能脱离困境，表方式用how，选B。
13. 她把身体摊平在薄冰面上，不可能跑、跳、游泳，只能慢慢朝着企鹅的方向移动，选C。
14. 经过长时间的挪动，Elaine最终成功脱离险境，安全站在了冰面上，悲伤地、紧张地、安静地都不符合脱险后的结果，选A。
15. 整个脱险过程都是企鹅在前面带路引导，所以多亏了这只企鹅的帮助，Elaine才能平安回家，技能、希望、选择都不符合情节描述，选D。
【答案】
1-5 DBCAC 6-10 ABDAB 11-15 CBCAD
【知识点】
语境逻辑推理，词义辨析，连词用法
【点评】
本篇完形情节生动有起伏，考点覆盖名词、形容词、动词、代词、连词等多个题型，大部分题目的解题线索都藏在前后文的对应描述中，要求学生不能局限于单句理解，要整体把握故事发展脉络，少数易错题比如第7、8空需要结合相隔较远的后文提示才能选出正确答案，能很好地锻炼学生的语篇整体阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.4