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五、阅读理解
①Swimming is very popular in summer, because it makes people feel cool and it
is good for their health. To keep safe when you are swimming, you must obey these
rules.
②First, you shouldn't swim in a wrong place. It may not be safe. Some people
lost their lives when they were having fun in the water, and most of them were
children. Last summer, a few children went swimming in the river near their home.
Unluckily, two of them never came out of the river.
③Second, you must be careful when swimming. Some people often think they
can swim well, but they may not be safe in water.
④Third, don't get close to the water when you are alone. When you see the "No
Swimming" sign, don't get into the water.
⑤If you obey these rules, swimming will be safe and enjoyable.
(
A. Break. B. Make. C. Follow. D. Like.
(
A. Have fun in the river. B. Be careful.
C. Take care of their things. D. Swim near their homes.
(
(
A. How to keep safe when you are swimming.
B. Swimming is very popular in summer.
C. People often think they can swim well.
D. Don't get close to the water when you are alone.
①Swimming is very popular in summer, because it makes people feel cool and it
is good for their health. To keep safe when you are swimming, you must obey these
rules.
②First, you shouldn't swim in a wrong place. It may not be safe. Some people
lost their lives when they were having fun in the water, and most of them were
children. Last summer, a few children went swimming in the river near their home.
Unluckily, two of them never came out of the river.
③Second, you must be careful when swimming. Some people often think they
can swim well, but they may not be safe in water.
④Third, don't get close to the water when you are alone. When you see the "No
Swimming" sign, don't get into the water.
⑤If you obey these rules, swimming will be safe and enjoyable.
(
C
)1. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word "obey"?A. Break. B. Make. C. Follow. D. Like.
(
B
)2. What should children do when they are swimming?A. Have fun in the river. B. Be careful.
C. Take care of their things. D. Swim near their homes.
(
B
)3. What is the structure of the passage?(
A
)4. What's the passage mainly about?A. How to keep safe when you are swimming.
B. Swimming is very popular in summer.
C. People often think they can swim well.
D. Don't get close to the water when you are alone.
答案
五、1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A
解析
【分析】
我们可以逐题梳理解题思路：第1题是词义猜测题，先定位划线词所在的句子，结合语境判断“obey”和规则搭配的合理含义，再匹配选项选出近义词；第2题是细节理解题，对照原文内容逐一排除错误、无关选项，选出符合游泳安全要求的正确做法；第3题是篇章结构题，先梳理每段的作用：第①段总起引入主题，第②③④段分点介绍规则，第⑤段总结收尾，对应总-分-总结构匹配图示；第4题是主旨大意题，排除只覆盖局部细节的选项，选出能概括全文核心内容的答案。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测：定位原文第一段"To keep safe when you are swimming, you must obey these rules."，句意为“为了游泳时保证安全，你必须______这些规则”。A选项Break意为“打破”，B选项Make意为“制定”，C选项Follow意为“遵守、遵循”，D选项Like意为“喜欢”，只有Follow和obey（遵守）含义最接近，因此选C。
2. 细节理解：文中明确提到不能去野外不安全的河流游泳、不能独自靠近水边，A、D都是危险的错误行为，C选项“保管自己的物品”全文没有提及，只有B选项“保持小心谨慎”是文中明确要求的正确做法，因此选B。
3. 篇章结构：文章第①段总述，点明游泳受欢迎、安全游泳需要遵守规则的核心主题；第②、③、④段分别从三个不同角度分述游泳的安全规则；第⑤段总结全文，说明遵守规则就能安全愉快地游泳，属于典型的“总-分-总”结构，对应选项B的图示，因此选B。
4. 主旨大意：全文围绕游泳的安全注意事项展开，核心是介绍如何在游泳时保障自身安全。B只是开篇引入的局部内容，C、D都是文中的零散细节，只有A选项能完整概括全文主旨，因此选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
词义猜测，细节理解，篇章结构
【点评】
本题难度适中，覆盖了初中英语阅读理解最常见的四类考点，既考查学生对短文细节内容的提取能力，也要求学生梳理文章的逻辑框架，同时还渗透了游泳安全的生活常识，能有效检验学生的阅读理解综合能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
我们可以逐题梳理解题思路：第1题是词义猜测题，先定位划线词所在的句子，结合语境判断“obey”和规则搭配的合理含义，再匹配选项选出近义词；第2题是细节理解题，对照原文内容逐一排除错误、无关选项，选出符合游泳安全要求的正确做法；第3题是篇章结构题，先梳理每段的作用：第①段总起引入主题，第②③④段分点介绍规则，第⑤段总结收尾，对应总-分-总结构匹配图示；第4题是主旨大意题，排除只覆盖局部细节的选项，选出能概括全文核心内容的答案。
【解析】
1. 词义猜测：定位原文第一段"To keep safe when you are swimming, you must obey these rules."，句意为“为了游泳时保证安全，你必须______这些规则”。A选项Break意为“打破”，B选项Make意为“制定”，C选项Follow意为“遵守、遵循”，D选项Like意为“喜欢”，只有Follow和obey（遵守）含义最接近，因此选C。
2. 细节理解：文中明确提到不能去野外不安全的河流游泳、不能独自靠近水边，A、D都是危险的错误行为，C选项“保管自己的物品”全文没有提及，只有B选项“保持小心谨慎”是文中明确要求的正确做法，因此选B。
3. 篇章结构：文章第①段总述，点明游泳受欢迎、安全游泳需要遵守规则的核心主题；第②、③、④段分别从三个不同角度分述游泳的安全规则；第⑤段总结全文，说明遵守规则就能安全愉快地游泳，属于典型的“总-分-总”结构，对应选项B的图示，因此选B。
4. 主旨大意：全文围绕游泳的安全注意事项展开，核心是介绍如何在游泳时保障自身安全。B只是开篇引入的局部内容，C、D都是文中的零散细节，只有A选项能完整概括全文主旨，因此选A。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A
【知识点】
词义猜测，细节理解，篇章结构
【点评】
本题难度适中，覆盖了初中英语阅读理解最常见的四类考点，既考查学生对短文细节内容的提取能力，也要求学生梳理文章的逻辑框架，同时还渗透了游泳安全的生活常识，能有效检验学生的阅读理解综合能力。
【难度系数】
0.7
