六、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式
How many stars can you see in the night sky? 1. your answer is “just a few” or “none”, you might be living with light pollution.
Too much man-made light 2. (cause) great harm to nature and people so far. Some scientists have found that 3. is especially harmful to nocturnal animals.
Nocturnal animals sleep in the day and are busy at night. Animal scientist Christopher said man-made light is the “4. (big) change” humans have brought to these animals.
Small animals use darkness 5. (protect) themselves from predators. But he said that cloudy skies near cities are now “hundreds of times” brighter at night. This means that, 6. example, cats can catch more mice. Then, there will be 7. many cats that there aren’t enough mice to feed them all.
Baby sea turtles are lovely animals. 8. (usual) they are born on beaches at night-time. They find the water by the light of the ocean horizon. Man-made 9. (light) leads them away from the ocean. Only in Florida, millions of them die this way every year.
Also, birds that travel or hunt at night need moonlight and starlight. Man-made light can lead them in 10. wrong direction. Every year, millions of birds die by flying into brightly-lit buildings.

1. If 2. has caused 3. it 4. biggest
5. to protect 6. for 7. so 8. Usually
9. light 10. the

【分析】
解题时需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐一分析每个空：1. 此处为条件假设，需用引导词if；2. so far是现在完成时标志，主语为不可数名词，故用has caused；3. 指代前文的“太多人造光”，用代词it；4. 定冠词the后需用形容词最高级，故为biggest；5. 固定搭配use sth to do sth，需用不定式to protect；6. 固定短语for example，填for；7. 固定结构so...that...，填so；8. 修饰整个句子需用副词，故为Usually；9. man-made后接名词，light表示“光”，填light；10. 特指“错误的方向”，用定冠词the。
【解析】
1. 考查条件状语从句引导词：根据语境“如果你的答案是‘只有几个’或‘没有’”，需用if引导条件状语从句，故填If。
2. 考查现在完成时：时间状语so far（到目前为止）是现在完成时的标志，主语too much man-made light为不可数名词，助动词用has，故填has caused。
3. 考查代词：此处指代前文的“too much man-made light”（不可数概念），用代词it，故填it。
4. 考查形容词最高级：定冠词the后需接形容词最高级，big的最高级为biggest，故填biggest。
5. 考查固定搭配：use sth to do sth（用某物做某事）是固定搭配，此处需用不定式作目的状语，故填to protect。
6. 考查固定短语：for example（例如）是固定短语，符合语境，故填for。
7. 考查固定结构：so...that...（如此……以至于……）是固定结构，此处表示“有如此多的猫以至于没有足够的老鼠喂养”，故填so。
8. 考查副词：此处修饰整个句子，需用usual的副词形式Usually，句首首字母大写，故填Usually。
9. 考查名词：man-made（人造的）是形容词，后接名词，light表示“光”，为不可数名词，故填light。
10. 考查定冠词：the wrong direction（错误的方向）是固定表达，特指某个方向，故填the。
【答案】
1. If 2. has caused 3. it 4. biggest 5. to protect 6. for 7. so 8. Usually 9. light 10. the
【知识点】
条件状语从句、现在完成时、固定搭配、形容词最高级
【点评】
本题为英语语法填空题，围绕“光污染对自然的影响”展开，考查初中阶段核心语法及固定搭配，需结合语境分析，难度适中，注重基础语法的应用。
【难度系数】
0.6

读后词汇拓展 猜出画波浪线单词的词性和中文意思，以及画波浪线短语的中文意思，并收入自己的小词典。
1. nocturnal
2. sea turtle
3. horizon

1. adj. 夜行的;夜出的 2. 海龟 3. n. 地平线