运用构词法将以下单词组合成新的单词，并用其适当形式填空。
fire, air, land, life, heat, fighter, grass, wild, wave, drop
A bush fire is a dangerous fire that spreads quickly through forests, (1) and other natural areas. It is caused by dry weather, strong winds and sometimes human activities. One of the main reasons for bush fires is a long period of extreme heat, also known as a (2) . This makes the land very dry and easy to catch fire.
Bush fires can start from small ones, and once they begin, they can grow into huge fires that are very hard to control. The fire can destroy large areas of forest and (3) ______ habitats, causing damage to plants and animals.
During a bush fire, (4) work tirelessly to put out the fire. It's a tiring and dangerous job. They use special equipment, including fire trucks and even helicopters. In some cases, an (5) is used to drop large amounts of water or special chemicals from the sky to help control the fire.

1. grasslands 2. heatwave 3. wildlife 4. firefighters 5. airdrop

【分析】
本题需运用给定单词的合成词形式，结合语境和语法规则填空。解题思路：先分析每个空缺处的词性、词义需求，再通过构词法（合成）将给定单词组合成符合要求的新词，最后根据语境调整词形（如单复数）。
【解析】
1. 第一空需填与forests、natural areas并列的自然区域名词，给定单词中grass与land可合成grasslands（草原，复数形式表泛指），符合语境；
2. 第二空需填表示“极端热的时期”的名词，heat与wave合成heatwave（热浪），对应“long period of extreme heat”的释义；
3. 第三空需填修饰habitats的名词，wild与life合成wildlife（野生生物），构成wildlife habitats（野生生物栖息地），符合语境；
4. 第四空需填作主语的复数名词（因谓语动词work为原形），fire与fighter合成firefighters（消防员，复数），对应灭火人员的语境；
5. 第五空需填表示“空中投放物资的名词”，air与drop合成airdrop（空投），对应“从空中洒水”的语境。
【答案】
1. grasslands 2. heatwave 3. wildlife 4. firefighters 5. airdrop
【知识点】
合成词构词法、名词单复数、名词用法
【点评】
本题结合语境考查合成词的运用，既要求掌握常见合成词构成，又需结合上下文判断词形变化，是基础词汇运用类题目，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

Living on the Florida Emerald Coast, people view a hurricane(飓风) as a common thing. So it is not unusual for a family to have several full gas cans and bottled water stored in their houses all summer.
Though unwilling to evacuate(撤离) from a hurricane, on September 15, my family had to leave our home for my grandfather's house several miles away. We spent the
early part of that evening watching the hurricane draw closer on the weather channel. Around nine o'clock, a loud sound shook the house, turned over the roof and carried it off. Soon came an indoor rainstorm.
Realizing the damage, my grandfather began to be afraid. The storm had started, but he still ran out into the heavy rain and wind to see how much of the roof was left. We got him back inside. I had never seen him so scared. Mum finally asked him to lie down in his room.
It soon became a race against time to protect what was saved. Some people may think it necessary to save material things, but I hoped to save those items with emotional value, such as the photos. I still feared the storm, but I more feared the influence it brought.
The next morning, it started to clear up. Thankfully, my family weathered the storm, though the same could not be said for the house. Only the wooden beams(梁) remained, but inside many of his things were safe. My mum and I had worked tirelessly through the night.
It was late, but we were still unwilling to go to bed. We discussed the rebuilding of the house. Under the beautiful sky, we suggested looking after my grandfather more often in the future. After this disaster, I realized the truth that the hurricane itself was not so terrible if we loved each other.
() 1. Why do people store gas cans and bottled water in summer?
A. The local government asks them to do so.
B. They need to keep these things for their daily use.
C. They want to get prepared for possible hurricanes.
D. These items are cheap and easy to store in summer.
() 2. In paragraph 2, we know that the hurricane .
A. arrived later than the family expected
B. was not as serious as the weather channel reported
C. made the family willing to evacuate to a safer place at first
D. caused sudden and serious damage to the grandfather's house
() 3. What does the underlined part in paragraph 5 most probably mean?
A. We got hurt badly in the storm.
B. We controlled the storm completely.
C. We ran away quickly from the storm.
D. We stayed safe after the storm.
() 4. What does the writer want to tell us through this experience?
A. It is impossible to protect houses from terrible hurricanes.
B. Hurricanes are common and not dangerous at all in Florida.
C. Family love and care can help people get through hard times.
D. People shouldn't leave their home at any time.

1. C 2. D 3. D 4. C

【分析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第一段提到飓风是当地常见现象，人们夏天存汽油桶和瓶装水是为应对飓风，对应选项。
2. 第2题：第二段描述飓风带来的破坏，如震动房屋、掀掉屋顶等，说明对爷爷家造成严重损坏，据此判断。
3. 第3题：“weathered the storm”中weather作动词意为“平安度过”，结合语境理解划线部分含义。
4. 第4题：最后一段点明主旨，强调家人的爱与关心帮助度过灾难，对应选项。
【解析】
1. 根据第一段“Living on the Florida Emerald Coast, people view a hurricane as a common thing. So it is not unusual for a family to have several full gas cans and bottled water stored in their houses all summer.”可知，人们储存这些物品是为应对可能的飓风，故选C。
2. 第二段描述飓风的破坏：“a loud sound shook the house, turned over the roof and carried it off. Soon came an indoor rainstorm.”说明飓风对爷爷家造成突然且严重的损坏，故选D。
3. “weathered the storm”中weather作动词，意为“经受住，平安度过”，结合语境可知该短语表示家人在风暴后安全了，故选D。
4. 最后一段“After this disaster, I realized the truth that the hurricane itself was not so terrible if we loved each other.”点明主旨，即家人的爱和关心能帮助人们度过困难时期，故选C。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解（细节理解）、阅读理解（词义猜测）、阅读理解（主旨大意）
【点评】
本文是一篇记叙文，通过讲述作者一家经历飓风的故事，考查学生对阅读细节、词义及主旨的理解，贴近生活实际，整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7