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五、阅读短文，回答问题
A forest is like a football group. It sounds unusual, but it's true. Each player does an important job, but they can't win by themselves, so they work together. The same is true of all plants and animals in a forest. They depend on each other to live. We call this an ecosystem.
There are three jobs in an ecosystem: producer, consumer and decomposer. The trees in the forest produce food by themselves. Giraffes themselves can't make their own food, so they consume or eat the trees' leaves. But sometimes hungry lions or other animals eat giraffes. When animals die, their bodies become part of the soil (土壤) and air to help the forest grow. So the ecosystem can keep on going.
Ecosystems come in lots of kinds and sizes. A backyard or even a big sea can be an ecosystem. The key thing is that an ecosystem has to be balanced. If there weren't animals to eat giraffes, giraffes would eat too many leaves. This wouldn't be good for the trees, and this would make it difficult for giraffes to find food. Different weather and natural disasters can change the ecosystems. Human activities like cutting down trees and hunting can also bring problems.
Ecosystems are everywhere. They play an important part in our life. It is necessary for us to do what we can to keep them working well.
前4题每题的答案不超过10个词，第5题的答案词数不限。
1. How many jobs are there in an ecosystem?
2. If the crane lives mainly on small animals, what is it in an ecosystem according to Paragraph 2?
3. What's the most important thing in an ecosystem?
4. What may cause an ecosystem to change?
5. What can we do to help protect the ecosystem?
A forest is like a football group. It sounds unusual, but it's true. Each player does an important job, but they can't win by themselves, so they work together. The same is true of all plants and animals in a forest. They depend on each other to live. We call this an ecosystem.
There are three jobs in an ecosystem: producer, consumer and decomposer. The trees in the forest produce food by themselves. Giraffes themselves can't make their own food, so they consume or eat the trees' leaves. But sometimes hungry lions or other animals eat giraffes. When animals die, their bodies become part of the soil (土壤) and air to help the forest grow. So the ecosystem can keep on going.
Ecosystems come in lots of kinds and sizes. A backyard or even a big sea can be an ecosystem. The key thing is that an ecosystem has to be balanced. If there weren't animals to eat giraffes, giraffes would eat too many leaves. This wouldn't be good for the trees, and this would make it difficult for giraffes to find food. Different weather and natural disasters can change the ecosystems. Human activities like cutting down trees and hunting can also bring problems.
Ecosystems are everywhere. They play an important part in our life. It is necessary for us to do what we can to keep them working well.
前4题每题的答案不超过10个词，第5题的答案词数不限。
1. How many jobs are there in an ecosystem?
Three.
2. If the crane lives mainly on small animals, what is it in an ecosystem according to Paragraph 2?
It is the consumer.
3. What's the most important thing in an ecosystem?
It has to be balanced./To keep it balanced.
4. What may cause an ecosystem to change?
Different weather, natural disasters and human activities.
5. What can we do to help protect the ecosystem?
We can stop people from cutting down trees.
答案
1. Three. 2. It is the consumer.
3. It has to be balanced./To keep it balanced.
4. Different weather, natural disasters and human activities.
5. We can stop people from cutting down trees.
3. It has to be balanced./To keep it balanced.
4. Different weather, natural disasters and human activities.
5. We can stop people from cutting down trees.
解析
【分析】本题为英语阅读理解题，需先通读短文把握主旨，再针对每个问题定位短文对应内容，提取关键信息作答，注意前4题答案不超过10个词，第5题无词数限制。
【解析】1. 定位短文第二段首句，明确生态系统有3种工作，故答案为Three.；2. 第二段指出不能自制食物、以其他生物为食的是消费者，crane以小动物为食，属于消费者；3. 第三段明确生态系统最重要的是保持平衡；4. 第三段提到不同天气、自然灾害、人类活动会改变生态系统；5. 结合短文例子，可答阻止砍树等保护措施。
【答案】1. Three. 2. It is the consumer. 3. It has to be balanced./To keep it balanced. 4. Different weather, natural disasters and human activities. 5. We can stop people from cutting down trees.
【知识点】英语阅读理解，信息定位，生态系统
【点评】本题考查学生对英语短文的理解与信息提取能力，题目设置基础，符合初中英语阅读的考查要求。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】1. 定位短文第二段首句，明确生态系统有3种工作，故答案为Three.；2. 第二段指出不能自制食物、以其他生物为食的是消费者，crane以小动物为食，属于消费者；3. 第三段明确生态系统最重要的是保持平衡；4. 第三段提到不同天气、自然灾害、人类活动会改变生态系统；5. 结合短文例子，可答阻止砍树等保护措施。
【答案】1. Three. 2. It is the consumer. 3. It has to be balanced./To keep it balanced. 4. Different weather, natural disasters and human activities. 5. We can stop people from cutting down trees.
【知识点】英语阅读理解，信息定位，生态系统
【点评】本题考查学生对英语短文的理解与信息提取能力，题目设置基础，符合初中英语阅读的考查要求。
【难度系数】0.5
