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任务型阅读。
来了解下微塑料(microplastics)吧。
请阅读下面短文，完成下列任务。
Plastic has sneaked into（溜进）almost every part of our world! Scientists have found tiny bits of it in places like the Arctic snow and lonely deserts. Microplastics, which are smaller than 5 mm, are extra tricky（难处理的）because they're everywhere. They come from bigger pieces of plastic breaking apart and end up in oceans,
the air, and soil.
Once they enter our bodies, these tiny bits can hurt our cells（细胞）and our endocrine system（内分泌系统）. They can also take in harmful chemicals and bring them into our bodies, which might make us sick more easily.
Because microplastics are everywhere, they can get into our bodies in different ways. We breathe them in every day, and the clothes we wear are not 100 percent safe. The UN Environment
Programme said on its website that 60 percent of the materials made into clothes are not natural. Washing clothes made out of these materials can create small plastic fibres.
Microplastics are also in our food. Scientists estimate（估计）that there are about 24 trillion pieces of microplastics in the upper oceans around the world. The fish that end up on our plates may have accidentally eaten them. Many tea bags are also made of plastic. Hot water makes them release microplastics into our drinks. Even fruit and vegetables contain（包含）microplastics, as plants can take in microplastics from the soil through their roots. One study found apples were the most polluted fruit and carrots were the most polluted vegetable with microplastics.
To reduce the risk of being hurt by microplastics, we should try not to eat food with plastic packaging. We can also consider wearing clothes made of natural materials and using fewer plastic products.
任务一:将每个段落与其主旨配对。
A. Microplastics in our food.
B. Health risks of microplastics.
C. How microplastics enter the human body.
D. Ways to reduce the risk of microplastics.
E. What microplastics are and where they come from.
1. Paragraph 1:
2. Paragraph 2:
3. Paragraph 3:
4. Paragraph 4:
5. Paragraph 5:
任务二:请根据短文内容从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. What does the underlined word "release" in Paragraph 4 mean? （
A. Put out.
B. Take in.
C. Give off.
D. Cut down.
2. What can we know about apples and carrots from Paragraph 4? （
A. They don't take in microplastics.
B. They grow smaller in plastic soil.
C. They can help clean microplastics.
D. They may be highly polluted with microplastics.
3. What would be the best title for the passage? （
A. Care for Useful Plastics
B. Learn About Daily Plastics
C. Watch Out for Tiny Plastics
D. Make Use of Plastic Products
任务三:提升题 请根据短文内容和你的思考回答以下问题。
What can we do in our daily lives to cut down microplastics? (Give 2 examples)
来了解下微塑料(microplastics)吧。
请阅读下面短文，完成下列任务。
Plastic has sneaked into（溜进）almost every part of our world! Scientists have found tiny bits of it in places like the Arctic snow and lonely deserts. Microplastics, which are smaller than 5 mm, are extra tricky（难处理的）because they're everywhere. They come from bigger pieces of plastic breaking apart and end up in oceans,
the air, and soil.
Once they enter our bodies, these tiny bits can hurt our cells（细胞）and our endocrine system（内分泌系统）. They can also take in harmful chemicals and bring them into our bodies, which might make us sick more easily.
Because microplastics are everywhere, they can get into our bodies in different ways. We breathe them in every day, and the clothes we wear are not 100 percent safe. The UN Environment
Programme said on its website that 60 percent of the materials made into clothes are not natural. Washing clothes made out of these materials can create small plastic fibres.
Microplastics are also in our food. Scientists estimate（估计）that there are about 24 trillion pieces of microplastics in the upper oceans around the world. The fish that end up on our plates may have accidentally eaten them. Many tea bags are also made of plastic. Hot water makes them release microplastics into our drinks. Even fruit and vegetables contain（包含）microplastics, as plants can take in microplastics from the soil through their roots. One study found apples were the most polluted fruit and carrots were the most polluted vegetable with microplastics.
To reduce the risk of being hurt by microplastics, we should try not to eat food with plastic packaging. We can also consider wearing clothes made of natural materials and using fewer plastic products.
任务一:将每个段落与其主旨配对。
A. Microplastics in our food.
B. Health risks of microplastics.
C. How microplastics enter the human body.
D. Ways to reduce the risk of microplastics.
E. What microplastics are and where they come from.
1. Paragraph 1:
E
2. Paragraph 2:
B
3. Paragraph 3:
C
4. Paragraph 4:
A
5. Paragraph 5:
D
任务二:请根据短文内容从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. What does the underlined word "release" in Paragraph 4 mean? （
C
）A. Put out.
B. Take in.
C. Give off.
D. Cut down.
2. What can we know about apples and carrots from Paragraph 4? （
D
）A. They don't take in microplastics.
B. They grow smaller in plastic soil.
C. They can help clean microplastics.
D. They may be highly polluted with microplastics.
3. What would be the best title for the passage? （
C
）A. Care for Useful Plastics
B. Learn About Daily Plastics
C. Watch Out for Tiny Plastics
D. Make Use of Plastic Products
任务三:提升题 请根据短文内容和你的思考回答以下问题。
What can we do in our daily lives to cut down microplastics? (Give 2 examples)
We can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags.
We can also choose natural materials for clothes.
答案
任务一:
1. Paragraph 1: E
2. Paragraph 2: B
3. Paragraph 3: C
4. Paragraph 4: A
5. Paragraph 5: D
任务二:
1. C
2. D
3. C
任务三:
We can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. We can also choose natural materials for clothes.
1. Paragraph 1: E
2. Paragraph 2: B
3. Paragraph 3: C
4. Paragraph 4: A
5. Paragraph 5: D
任务二:
1. C
2. D
3. C
任务三:
We can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. We can also choose natural materials for clothes.
解析
【分析】
这是一篇关于微塑料的任务型阅读，分为三个任务：任务一为段落主旨配对，需通读每个段落，抓住核心内容匹配对应主旨；任务二为词义猜测和细节理解题，词义猜测需结合上下文语境推断词义，细节题需定位原文找依据；任务三为信息提取类开放题，需结合原文建议给出具体做法。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 第一段介绍微塑料的定义（小于5mm）、来源（大塑料分解）及分布，对应主旨E（微塑料是什么和来自哪里）；
2. 第二段阐述微塑料进入人体后对细胞和内分泌系统的危害，对应主旨B（微塑料的健康风险）；
3. 第三段说明微塑料通过呼吸、衣物等途径进入人体，对应主旨C（微塑料进入人体的方式）；
4. 第四段围绕食物中的微塑料展开，对应主旨A；
5. 第五段提出减少微塑料危害的方法，对应主旨D。
任务二：
1. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句意为“热水使它们把微塑料释放到饮料中”，give off意为“释放”，符合语境，故选C；
2. 细节理解题：根据第四段最后一句“apples were the most polluted fruit and carrots were the most polluted vegetable”可知，苹果和胡萝卜受微塑料污染严重，故选D；
3. 标题选择题：全文围绕微塑料的相关情况（定义、危害、进入方式、食物中的微塑料及防护方法）展开，核心是提醒注意微塑料，故选C。
任务三：根据第五段“try not to eat food with plastic packaging”“wearing clothes made of natural materials”等建议，选取两个具体例子即可。
【答案】
任务一：1.E 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D
任务二：1.C 2.D 3.C
任务三：We can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. We can also choose natural materials for clothes.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、段落主旨匹配、词义猜测、细节理解
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读，考查学生对文章整体结构、细节信息的理解及信息提取能力，题型常见，难度适中，需学生准确把握各段落核心及原文细节。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇关于微塑料的任务型阅读，分为三个任务：任务一为段落主旨配对，需通读每个段落，抓住核心内容匹配对应主旨；任务二为词义猜测和细节理解题，词义猜测需结合上下文语境推断词义，细节题需定位原文找依据；任务三为信息提取类开放题，需结合原文建议给出具体做法。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 第一段介绍微塑料的定义（小于5mm）、来源（大塑料分解）及分布，对应主旨E（微塑料是什么和来自哪里）；
2. 第二段阐述微塑料进入人体后对细胞和内分泌系统的危害，对应主旨B（微塑料的健康风险）；
3. 第三段说明微塑料通过呼吸、衣物等途径进入人体，对应主旨C（微塑料进入人体的方式）；
4. 第四段围绕食物中的微塑料展开，对应主旨A；
5. 第五段提出减少微塑料危害的方法，对应主旨D。
任务二：
1. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句意为“热水使它们把微塑料释放到饮料中”，give off意为“释放”，符合语境，故选C；
2. 细节理解题：根据第四段最后一句“apples were the most polluted fruit and carrots were the most polluted vegetable”可知，苹果和胡萝卜受微塑料污染严重，故选D；
3. 标题选择题：全文围绕微塑料的相关情况（定义、危害、进入方式、食物中的微塑料及防护方法）展开，核心是提醒注意微塑料，故选C。
任务三：根据第五段“try not to eat food with plastic packaging”“wearing clothes made of natural materials”等建议，选取两个具体例子即可。
【答案】
任务一：1.E 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.D
任务二：1.C 2.D 3.C
任务三：We can use cloth bags instead of plastic bags. We can also choose natural materials for clothes.
【知识点】
任务型阅读、段落主旨匹配、词义猜测、细节理解
【点评】
本题为任务型阅读，考查学生对文章整体结构、细节信息的理解及信息提取能力，题型常见，难度适中，需学生准确把握各段落核心及原文细节。
【难度系数】
0.7
