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一、阅读理解(20 分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
https://www.petdogcare.com
Many dog lovers make food for their dogs. If you feed homemade food to your dog sometimes，don't be too worried. However，if you plan to make food yourself for a long time，you'll need to be careful.
Don't give the following food to your dog.
Some food can be harmful or even dangerous to dogs：
×Onion or garlic（大蒜）. × Grapes and nuts. × Chocolate.
Provide more meat.
Meat should be the biggest part of your dog's meal to provide enough energy. However，meat should not be more than half of the meal.
Give your dog some fish.
Fish for your dog is like milk for your kids. It is good for healthy hair and strong bones. You can offer your dog a fish meal twice a week.
1. How many pieces of advice are given in the passage?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
2. You visited Tina and found her dog's hair everywhere. After reading the passage，what will you say to help her?
A. You'd better comb the dog's hair more.
B. You can add some fish to the meal.
C. Feed the dog as much chicken as you can.
D. Taking the dog for a bath will be a good choice.
3. According to the passage，which is the best meal for dogs?
A.
B.
C.
D.
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
https://www.petdogcare.com
Many dog lovers make food for their dogs. If you feed homemade food to your dog sometimes，don't be too worried. However，if you plan to make food yourself for a long time，you'll need to be careful.
Don't give the following food to your dog.
Some food can be harmful or even dangerous to dogs：
×Onion or garlic（大蒜）. × Grapes and nuts. × Chocolate.
Provide more meat.
Meat should be the biggest part of your dog's meal to provide enough energy. However，meat should not be more than half of the meal.
Give your dog some fish.
Fish for your dog is like milk for your kids. It is good for healthy hair and strong bones. You can offer your dog a fish meal twice a week.
1. How many pieces of advice are given in the passage?
A. One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Four.
2. You visited Tina and found her dog's hair everywhere. After reading the passage，what will you say to help her?
A. You'd better comb the dog's hair more.
B. You can add some fish to the meal.
C. Feed the dog as much chicken as you can.
D. Taking the dog for a bath will be a good choice.
3. According to the passage，which is the best meal for dogs?
A.
B.
C.
D.
答案
1.C 2.B 3.A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍自制狗粮注意事项的应用文阅读，解题时首先通读全文梳理核心要点，再对应每道题的题干关键词回原文定位找答案：第一题询问建议数量，直接梳理文中的分点内容计数即可；第二题的核心是狗狗毛发相关的问题，直接定位到和毛发益处相关的段落找对应方案；第三题结合文中给出的餐食配比要求，排除不符合规则的选项就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：梳理全文内容，文中一共给出3条相关建议：①禁止给狗狗喂食洋葱、大蒜、葡萄、坚果、巧克力等有害食物；②餐食中多添加肉类，肉类占比不超过总餐食的二分之一；③每周给狗狗安排两次鱼类餐食，因此总共有3条建议，选C。
2. 细节理解题：定位到原文介绍鱼类的段落，文中明确说明“鱼对狗狗来说就像牛奶对孩子，它对健康的毛发和强壮的骨骼有好处”，因此如果狗狗毛发状态差、掉毛多，可以在它的餐食中添加鱼类来改善，对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文要求，合格的狗粮首先不能包含禁止投喂的有害食物，其次肉类是餐食中占比最大的部分但不能超过总餐食的一半，符合该配比要求的只有选项A。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，应用文阅读
【点评】
本题属于低难度的信息类阅读，所有题目都可以通过直接在原文查找对应细节得出答案，不需要复杂的推理，适合锻炼学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，做题时只要圈出题干的核心关键词，回文精准定位对应段落，就能轻松选出正确选项。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍自制狗粮注意事项的应用文阅读，解题时首先通读全文梳理核心要点，再对应每道题的题干关键词回原文定位找答案：第一题询问建议数量，直接梳理文中的分点内容计数即可；第二题的核心是狗狗毛发相关的问题，直接定位到和毛发益处相关的段落找对应方案；第三题结合文中给出的餐食配比要求，排除不符合规则的选项就能选出正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：梳理全文内容，文中一共给出3条相关建议：①禁止给狗狗喂食洋葱、大蒜、葡萄、坚果、巧克力等有害食物；②餐食中多添加肉类，肉类占比不超过总餐食的二分之一；③每周给狗狗安排两次鱼类餐食，因此总共有3条建议，选C。
2. 细节理解题：定位到原文介绍鱼类的段落，文中明确说明“鱼对狗狗来说就像牛奶对孩子，它对健康的毛发和强壮的骨骼有好处”，因此如果狗狗毛发状态差、掉毛多，可以在它的餐食中添加鱼类来改善，对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文要求，合格的狗粮首先不能包含禁止投喂的有害食物，其次肉类是餐食中占比最大的部分但不能超过总餐食的一半，符合该配比要求的只有选项A。
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.A
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，应用文阅读
【点评】
本题属于低难度的信息类阅读，所有题目都可以通过直接在原文查找对应细节得出答案，不需要复杂的推理，适合锻炼学生快速抓取文本关键信息的能力，做题时只要圈出题干的核心关键词，回文精准定位对应段落，就能轻松选出正确选项。
【难度系数】
0.8
B
Taking care of a pet is hard work. There are a lot of things for you to do.
We should feed the pets at the right time. They need healthy and nutritious（有营养的）food to help them grow healthy and strong. They also need to drink plenty of clean，fresh water.
All of the pets need a safe place. It is their home. It can be a house with a backyard or a cage. But we must know different animals require different space in size.
Pets like dogs need plenty of exercise each day. In many cases（情况），walking 1.6 kilometres a day with your dog can help it get the exercise it needs. Cats need exercise too. And a fifteen-to-twenty-minute-long walk is a good starting point.
Just like humans，pets need visits to the vet（兽医）to make sure that they're in great health. Taking your pet dog to visit the vet once a year is all right. Older dogs may need more visits to the vet.
4. What does the underlined word "require" in the third paragraph mean?
A. Need.
B. Build.
C. Find.
D. Buy.
5. What can we know from the fourth paragraph?
A. Walking with dogs or cats is useless.
B. Dogs and cats must exercise for 20 minutes.
C. Taking exercise is good for pets' health.
D. Walking 1.6 kilometers is right for pets.
6. How often should a young pet dog visit the vet?
A. Once a month.
B. Once a year.
C. Twice a month.
D. Twice a year.
7. What is this passage mainly about?
A. Ways to feed pets.
B. Different kinds of pets.
C. Tips for pet care.
D. Making room for pets.
Taking care of a pet is hard work. There are a lot of things for you to do.
We should feed the pets at the right time. They need healthy and nutritious（有营养的）food to help them grow healthy and strong. They also need to drink plenty of clean，fresh water.
All of the pets need a safe place. It is their home. It can be a house with a backyard or a cage. But we must know different animals require different space in size.
Pets like dogs need plenty of exercise each day. In many cases（情况），walking 1.6 kilometres a day with your dog can help it get the exercise it needs. Cats need exercise too. And a fifteen-to-twenty-minute-long walk is a good starting point.
Just like humans，pets need visits to the vet（兽医）to make sure that they're in great health. Taking your pet dog to visit the vet once a year is all right. Older dogs may need more visits to the vet.
4. What does the underlined word "require" in the third paragraph mean?
A. Need.
B. Build.
C. Find.
D. Buy.
5. What can we know from the fourth paragraph?
A. Walking with dogs or cats is useless.
B. Dogs and cats must exercise for 20 minutes.
C. Taking exercise is good for pets' health.
D. Walking 1.6 kilometers is right for pets.
6. How often should a young pet dog visit the vet?
A. Once a month.
B. Once a year.
C. Twice a month.
D. Twice a year.
7. What is this passage mainly about?
A. Ways to feed pets.
B. Different kinds of pets.
C. Tips for pet care.
D. Making room for pets.
答案
4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C
解析
【分析】
这是一篇宠物护理主题的阅读理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先根据每道题的题干关键词定位到原文对应段落，再逐一比对选项和原文内容，排除表述错误、以偏概全的干扰项，就能选出正确答案。第4题是词义猜测题，结合上下文语境推断划线词含义；第5题是段落细节理解题，核对第四段的所有信息排除错误表述；第6题是细节定位题，直接从最后一段找对应描述；第7题是主旨大意题，结合全文所有段落的核心内容判断主题，不要把局部内容当成全文主旨。
【解析】
1. 第4题：定位第三段划线词所在句“But we must know different animals require different space in size.”，前文提到所有宠物都需要安全的居住场所，结合语境可知不同的动物自然“需要”不同尺寸的空间，A选项Need意为“需要”，完全匹配语境，B建造、C找到、D购买均不符合语义，因此选A。
2. 第5题：第四段核心内容是宠物猫狗都需要足够的运动：逐一核对选项：A选项“和猫狗散步毫无用处”和原文表述完全相反，错误；B选项“猫狗必须锻炼20分钟”，原文仅说明猫的15-20分钟散步是好的起点，没有要求所有宠物必须锻炼20分钟，错误；C选项“锻炼对宠物的健康有好处”完全符合段落核心含义，正确；D选项“走1.6公里对所有宠物都合适”，原文仅提到这个运动量适合狗狗，并非所有宠物，以偏概全，错误。因此选C。
3. 第6题：定位最后一段“Taking your pet dog to visit the vet once a year is all right. Older dogs may need more visits to the vet.”，说明非老年的年轻宠物狗一年看一次兽医就足够，因此选B。
4. 第7题：全文从定时喂食、提供安全居所、保证日常运动、定期就医四个维度介绍照顾宠物的注意事项：A选项“喂宠物的方法”只是全文局部内容，片面；B选项“不同种类的宠物”全文没有相关介绍，错误；C选项“宠物护理小贴士”完全匹配全文主题；D选项“给宠物腾出空间”也只是局部内容，片面。因此选C。
【答案】
4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题，细节查找题，主旨大意题
【点评】
本篇是贴近生活的说明文类阅读，整体考点基础，所有题目都能通过准确定位原文内容得到答案，学生解题时注意规避“把单类宠物的适用规则扩大到所有宠物”“把局部细节当成全文主旨”两类常见误区，就能轻松拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇宠物护理主题的阅读理解题，解题思路非常清晰：首先根据每道题的题干关键词定位到原文对应段落，再逐一比对选项和原文内容，排除表述错误、以偏概全的干扰项，就能选出正确答案。第4题是词义猜测题，结合上下文语境推断划线词含义；第5题是段落细节理解题，核对第四段的所有信息排除错误表述；第6题是细节定位题，直接从最后一段找对应描述；第7题是主旨大意题，结合全文所有段落的核心内容判断主题，不要把局部内容当成全文主旨。
【解析】
1. 第4题：定位第三段划线词所在句“But we must know different animals require different space in size.”，前文提到所有宠物都需要安全的居住场所，结合语境可知不同的动物自然“需要”不同尺寸的空间，A选项Need意为“需要”，完全匹配语境，B建造、C找到、D购买均不符合语义，因此选A。
2. 第5题：第四段核心内容是宠物猫狗都需要足够的运动：逐一核对选项：A选项“和猫狗散步毫无用处”和原文表述完全相反，错误；B选项“猫狗必须锻炼20分钟”，原文仅说明猫的15-20分钟散步是好的起点，没有要求所有宠物必须锻炼20分钟，错误；C选项“锻炼对宠物的健康有好处”完全符合段落核心含义，正确；D选项“走1.6公里对所有宠物都合适”，原文仅提到这个运动量适合狗狗，并非所有宠物，以偏概全，错误。因此选C。
3. 第6题：定位最后一段“Taking your pet dog to visit the vet once a year is all right. Older dogs may need more visits to the vet.”，说明非老年的年轻宠物狗一年看一次兽医就足够，因此选B。
4. 第7题：全文从定时喂食、提供安全居所、保证日常运动、定期就医四个维度介绍照顾宠物的注意事项：A选项“喂宠物的方法”只是全文局部内容，片面；B选项“不同种类的宠物”全文没有相关介绍，错误；C选项“宠物护理小贴士”完全匹配全文主题；D选项“给宠物腾出空间”也只是局部内容，片面。因此选C。
【答案】
4.A 5.C 6.B 7.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题，细节查找题，主旨大意题
【点评】
本篇是贴近生活的说明文类阅读，整体考点基础，所有题目都能通过准确定位原文内容得到答案，学生解题时注意规避“把单类宠物的适用规则扩大到所有宠物”“把局部细节当成全文主旨”两类常见误区，就能轻松拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8
