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Ⅱ. 阅读理解
Remember Honest Zhou
He is known as the father of modern Chinese literature. But his influence has gone beyond literature to the world of ideas, arts and politics. No wonder Chairman Mao Zedong once called him "the sage of modern China". Zhou Shuren is commonly known for his pen name Lu Xun. Today his writing is still widely read and several of his stories and essays are included in China's public school curriculum.
As one of the leaders of the New Culture Movement, Lu Xun is known for making honest comments on Chinese institutions, culture and customs. Take the story From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Study for example. The writer wrote about his youth from his playground Baicao Garden to his school Sanwei Study, where a respected teacher instructed him in Chinese classics. The name "Sanwei", which translates as "three flavours", refers to comparisons of different types of reading to different types of foodstuffs. Confucian classics are like rice. History books are like dishes. And literature is like sauce and seasoning. It was in this strict traditional learning environment that he started to form a solid understanding of Chinese feudal society.
So when he wrote his first short story, A Madman's Diary, he declared war on the broken society. The story made a huge splash in China's literary world when it was published in 1918 for being among the first to use colloquial language together with the hard-to-read classical language that "serious" authors were meant to write in at the time. The story also turned heads for its extremely critical take on the downside of Chinese tradition, which Zhou compared to cannibalism.
Three years later, another important story, The True Story of Ah Q, was published. It saw Lu Xun look at the Chinese psyche at the time. The writer criticized it through Ah Q, a peasant who always considers himself superior to others even as he is humiliated and finally executed in the end. This characterization was on-the-nose enough that the phrase "the Ah Q spirit" is widely used even today.
"In all of Chinese literature, Lu Xun is ... a sharp observer of the era he lived through, and an innovator in both language and literary forms," commented The Guardian newspaper.
语篇结构
1. What are history books like according to Lu Xun?
A. They are like rice. B. They are like dishes.
C. They are like sauce. D. They are like seasoning.
2. Why did A Madman's Diary make a huge splash in 1918?
A. Because it was Lu Xun's first short story.
B. Because it combined colloquial and classical language.
C. Because it praised Chinese traditions.
D. Because it created the Ah Q spirit.
3. What does Ah Q represent?
A. The Chinese grass-roots people during the feudal period.
B. Lu Xun.
C. Nobles during the feudal period.
D. Royals during the feudal period.
4. What does the underlined word "criticized" mean?
A. Say something good. B. Learn.
C. Show. D. Say something bad.
5. What's the passage mainly about?
A. Lu Xun—the sage of modern China.
B. How to write stories.
C. Some influential stories.
D. Famous works of Chinese literature.
Remember Honest Zhou
He is known as the father of modern Chinese literature. But his influence has gone beyond literature to the world of ideas, arts and politics. No wonder Chairman Mao Zedong once called him "the sage of modern China". Zhou Shuren is commonly known for his pen name Lu Xun. Today his writing is still widely read and several of his stories and essays are included in China's public school curriculum.
As one of the leaders of the New Culture Movement, Lu Xun is known for making honest comments on Chinese institutions, culture and customs. Take the story From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Study for example. The writer wrote about his youth from his playground Baicao Garden to his school Sanwei Study, where a respected teacher instructed him in Chinese classics. The name "Sanwei", which translates as "three flavours", refers to comparisons of different types of reading to different types of foodstuffs. Confucian classics are like rice. History books are like dishes. And literature is like sauce and seasoning. It was in this strict traditional learning environment that he started to form a solid understanding of Chinese feudal society.
So when he wrote his first short story, A Madman's Diary, he declared war on the broken society. The story made a huge splash in China's literary world when it was published in 1918 for being among the first to use colloquial language together with the hard-to-read classical language that "serious" authors were meant to write in at the time. The story also turned heads for its extremely critical take on the downside of Chinese tradition, which Zhou compared to cannibalism.
Three years later, another important story, The True Story of Ah Q, was published. It saw Lu Xun look at the Chinese psyche at the time. The writer criticized it through Ah Q, a peasant who always considers himself superior to others even as he is humiliated and finally executed in the end. This characterization was on-the-nose enough that the phrase "the Ah Q spirit" is widely used even today.
"In all of Chinese literature, Lu Xun is ... a sharp observer of the era he lived through, and an innovator in both language and literary forms," commented The Guardian newspaper.
语篇结构
1. What are history books like according to Lu Xun?
A. They are like rice. B. They are like dishes.
C. They are like sauce. D. They are like seasoning.
2. Why did A Madman's Diary make a huge splash in 1918?
A. Because it was Lu Xun's first short story.
B. Because it combined colloquial and classical language.
C. Because it praised Chinese traditions.
D. Because it created the Ah Q spirit.
3. What does Ah Q represent?
A. The Chinese grass-roots people during the feudal period.
B. Lu Xun.
C. Nobles during the feudal period.
D. Royals during the feudal period.
4. What does the underlined word "criticized" mean?
A. Say something good. B. Learn.
C. Show. D. Say something bad.
5. What's the passage mainly about?
A. Lu Xun—the sage of modern China.
B. How to write stories.
C. Some influential stories.
D. Famous works of Chinese literature.
答案
Ⅱ.[语篇结构]①father ②sharp
③innovator
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A
③innovator
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.A
