B
KEY→P28
范畴:人与自然 主题:自然生态 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★ 建议用时:7分钟 评价:/10
请认真阅读下面短文,在横线上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the mountain pass of Zhengyiguan on the Helan Mountain in Ningxia, there is an elderly couple—Ding Rugang and his wife, Yang Huacai. They 1. (move) from Jiangsu to Ningxia in 1959 and worked in a coal mine(煤矿). After retiring in 1988, they hoped to live a quiet life. But instead of resting, they decided 2. (plant) trees.
“When we first arrived here in 1989, we couldn't find 3. single green leaf,” said Ding Rugang. “The proudest thing in my life is that every tree you see here was planted by our own hands. Planting trees makes me 4. (feel) happy. It is good for the land and for us.”
At first, it was difficult. The soil was dry 5. full of rocks. They had to carry young trees from far away—sometimes on 6. (they) backs, sometimes by bicycle. Water was also a big problem. They had to carry water from the valley. Without enough water, many young trees died 7. (quick).
But the couple didn't give up. Year after year, they kept planting 8. (tree). Now, over 40,000 trees cover the area. Their 9. (child) have also joined them. “I started helping my parents on weekends when I was a teenager,” their son Ding Yi said. “Now it's my turn to carry on their work.”
Thanks 10. the family's years of effort, the mountain pass is now green and beautiful. The air is fresh, and the land is full of life.

宁夏贺兰山正义关山口的一对老夫妇退休后开始种树。多年坚持下,如今该区域已种下超四万棵树,他们的子女也加入其中,昔日荒芜的山口如今变得绿意盎然、充满生机。
1. moved 所填写词作谓语,再根据时间状语 in 1959 可判断为一般过去时,故填写 moved。
2. to plant decide to do sth. 决定做某事。
3. a leaf 为可数名词单数,且 single 以辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词 a。
4. feel 固定搭配 make sb. do sth. ,故填写 feel。
5. and 所填写词连接并列表语 dry 和 full of rocks,用连词 and。
6. their 所填写词修饰名词 backs,用形容词性物主代词 their。
7. quickly died 为动词,需用副词修饰,quick 的副词为 quickly。
8. trees plant trees 植树。
9. children 由空后的 have 可判断,这里用复数形式 children。
10. to thanks to 多亏了,为固定搭配。

【分析】
本题是一篇围绕人与自然主题的记叙文语法填空题，解题时需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个空格，结合时间状语、固定搭配、词性规则、冠词用法、名词单复数等语法知识逐一分析：遇到带时间状语的动词需考虑时态；括号内的词需根据句子成分转换词性；固定搭配类空格直接运用相关短语规则；名词需结合单复数提示判断形式。
【解析】
1. 空格处作谓语，时间状语为in 1959（表过去），故用一般过去时，填moved。
2. 固定搭配decide to do sth.（决定做某事），故填to plant。
3. leaf为可数名词单数，single以辅音音素开头，表“一片”，用不定冠词a，故填a。
4. 固定搭配make sb. do sth.（使某人做某事），此处用动词原形，故填feel。
5. 空格连接两个并列表语dry和full of rocks，用并列连词and，故填and。
6. 空格修饰名词backs，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，故填their。
7. 空格修饰动词died，需用副词，quick的副词形式为quickly，故填quickly。
8. 此处表泛指“种树”，用名词复数，tree的复数为trees，故填trees。
9. 由空后助动词have可知主语为复数，child的复数为children，故填children。
10. 固定搭配thanks to（多亏，由于），故填to。
【答案】
1. moved 2. to plant 3. a 4. feel 5. and 6. their 7. quickly 8. trees 9. children 10. to
【知识点】
一般过去时、固定搭配、词性转换
【点评】
本题以退休夫妇植树的故事为载体，考查基础语法填空的核心考点，涵盖时态、固定搭配、词性转换等内容，需结合语境与语法规则解题，难度适中，能有效考查学生的基础语法掌握情况。
【难度系数】
0.3

C
KEY→P28
范畴:人与自然 主题:环境保护 体裁:记叙文 难度:★★★ 建议用时:8分钟 评价:/10
从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺,意思完整,每词或短语限用一次。
choose how similar experience set up
Garbage sorting(垃圾分类) began on July 1, 2019. However, I, with the other 238 families in the neighborhood, have been living with a 1. system for years. Here, I'd like to talk about some of our 2. .
In 2016, the government 3. our neighborhood to be part of a pilot(试点的) program for garbage sorting. To help the program run well, we 4. a volunteer team. I was one of the volunteers. Several of us, however, questioned if we could lead people in the neighborhood to change their habits.
We began with the usual ways. We handed out notices around the neighborhood. We also went door to door to tell people 5. to sort garbage. However, they made many mistakes. For example, many didn't know wet rubbish meant food waste. Instead, they thought it meant rubbish that was wet. Some even refused to sort their garbage.
for finally people much at the same time
As a result, we volunteers had to do lots of sorting ourselves. We went around explaining the rules 6. . We kept talking to those who refused to sort their garbage. We let them know we had sorted their garbage 7. them. It was a matter of time and patience. We believed they would 8. change their minds.
Six months later, we were successful in changing 9. minds. They began sorting their garbage. Some even joined us to help us.
I think face-to-face talks played an important part. They were 10. useful than handing out notices. It was interesting to see what happened. I hope everyone knows garbage sorting is good for them.

自从作者所在小区在 2016 年成为垃圾分类试点社区后,作者作为志愿者,和其他志愿者一起通过多种方式引导居民养成垃圾分类习惯,最终取得成功。
1. similar 所填词修饰名词 system,结合前文“Garbage sorting began on July 1, 2019. ”和后文作者所在小区更早实施垃圾分类可知,是类似的系统,similar 符合语境。
2. experiences 根据后文作者讲述小区实施垃圾分类的过程可知,此处指经历;experience 作经历时是可数名词,结合 some of 可知,应用复数形式 experiences。
3. chose 在 2016 年,作者所在社区被政府选中,成为垃圾分类试点项目的一部分,故填 chose。
4. set up 根据 a volunteer team 可知,是成立团队;结合上下文时态为一般过去时可知,应用 set up。
5. how 此处表示“如何分类垃圾”,应用 how 引导“疑问词+不定式”结构。
6. at the same time 句意:我们四处走动,同时讲解规则。at the same time 符合语境。
7. for 此处表示“为他们”,应用介词 for。
8. finally 句意:我们相信他们最终会改变主意。finally 符合语境。
9. people's 此处指代前文提到的 those who refused to sort their garbage,结合所给提示,people 符合语境,用名词所有格 people's 修饰 minds,故填 people's。
10. more 它们(面对面交流)比发通知更有用。根据 than 可知,此处应用比较级,more useful 表示“更有用的”。

【分析】先通读全文，理解短文围绕“小区垃圾分类试点，作者作为志愿者引导居民养成分类习惯”的主题展开。解题时，先梳理两组备选词/短语，再针对每个空格，从语境逻辑、语法要求（时态、词性、单复数、比较级、所有格等）、备选词匹配度三个维度判断，同时注意每词限用一次，最后调整词的正确形式。
【解析】1. 修饰名词system，结合2019年才全面推行垃圾分类，小区早有类似系统，选similar；2. 指作者的经历，some of后接可数名词复数，experience作“经历”时复数为experiences；3. 2016年是过去时间，政府“选中”小区，choose的过去式为chose；4. 表示“成立志愿者团队”，set up的过去式仍为set up；5. 表示“如何分类垃圾”，用疑问词how；6. 结合语境“四处走动同时讲解规则”，选at the same time；7. 表示“为他们（分类）”，用介词for；8. 表示“最终改变主意”，用副词finally；9. 指代“拒绝分类的人的”，用people的所有格people's；10. 由than可知用比较级，useful的比较级为more useful，选more。
【答案】1. similar 2. experiences 3. chose 4. set up 5. how 6. at the same time 7. for 8. finally 9. people's 10. more
【知识点】英语词汇运用、语法变形、记叙文阅读
【点评】本题结合环境保护热点主题，以选词填空形式考查学生在语境中运用词汇和语法的能力，贴近学生生活，兼具实用性与教育意义，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6