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Ⅲ.阅读理解
There are places in North America where great cities once stood. There were gardens, trees and grass. But now these places are like deserts. Scientists began to study this land to find out what had happened. Many of them believe the land died when the trees were cut down.
Trees help other plants grow. Tree roots(树根) hold the soil in place. They keep the wind from blowing away the soil. Leaves on the ground keep rainwater from running off. Trees near farms can help to stop strong winds.
Once there were hundreds of farms in the northwest of the US. Then the farms turned into fields of dry land. This was because few trees grow there.
Now we try to save trees. In many places, when a tree is cut down, a new tree is planted in its place. We don't want the land to die.
()21. Places where great cities stood are now like
A. forests B. deserts
C. farms D. gardens
()22. Why are trees important?
A. Because they turn fields into dry land.
B. Because they help other plants grow.
C. Because they help strong winds blow.
D. Because they keep rain running off.
()23. What does the text tell us?
A. Farms are better than cities.
B. There are no deserts in America.
C. Lands will die without trees.
D. All the trees are cut down.
()24. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. You can't find any trees or grass in North America.
B. Trees help us live a life as we are living now.
C. Trees grow only in the deserts.
D. Trees can blow soil away.
There are places in North America where great cities once stood. There were gardens, trees and grass. But now these places are like deserts. Scientists began to study this land to find out what had happened. Many of them believe the land died when the trees were cut down.
Trees help other plants grow. Tree roots(树根) hold the soil in place. They keep the wind from blowing away the soil. Leaves on the ground keep rainwater from running off. Trees near farms can help to stop strong winds.
Once there were hundreds of farms in the northwest of the US. Then the farms turned into fields of dry land. This was because few trees grow there.
Now we try to save trees. In many places, when a tree is cut down, a new tree is planted in its place. We don't want the land to die.
()21. Places where great cities stood are now like
B
.A. forests B. deserts
C. farms D. gardens
()22. Why are trees important?
A. Because they turn fields into dry land.
B. Because they help other plants grow.
C. Because they help strong winds blow.
D. Because they keep rain running off.
()23. What does the text tell us?
A. Farms are better than cities.
B. There are no deserts in America.
C. Lands will die without trees.
D. All the trees are cut down.
()24. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. You can't find any trees or grass in North America.
B. Trees help us live a life as we are living now.
C. Trees grow only in the deserts.
D. Trees can blow soil away.
答案
21.B 22.B 23.C 24.B
解析
【分析】
这是一篇环保主题的说明文阅读理解，解题时可以先标注每道题干的核心关键词，带着问题回到原文对应段落定位相关语句，将选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除表述错误的干扰项，细节题直接匹配原文内容，主旨题梳理全文核心逻辑即可选出正确答案。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"But now these places are like deserts."可知，曾经矗立着大城市的地方现在像沙漠，对应选项B，排除A森林、C农场、D花园，故选B。
22. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段首句"Trees help other plants grow."直接点明树木的重要作用，其余选项均和原文表述相悖：A选项树木把田地变为旱地不符合文意，C选项树木助力强风刮动错误，D选项树木让雨水流走错误，故选B。
23. 主旨大意题：全文围绕树木对土地的保护作用展开，讲述树木被砍伐后土地会逐渐荒漠化失去生机，核心观点是没有树木土地就会消亡。A选项“农场比城市好”原文无提及，B选项“美洲没有沙漠”和原文内容矛盾，D选项“所有树木都被砍伐”不符合文末现在人们补种树木的表述，故选C。
24. 正误判断题：逐一核对选项：A选项“北美找不到任何树木和草”表述绝对，和原文仅部分区域荒漠化的内容不符；B选项树木帮助我们维持当下的正常生活，符合原文提到的树木固土、防风、保水的作用，表述正确；C选项“树木只生长在沙漠”完全不符合常识和原文内容；D选项“树木会把土壤吹走”和原文树根固定土壤、防风蚀的表述相反，故选B。
【答案】
21.B 22.B 23.C 24.B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，主旨大意理解，文本正误辨析
【点评】
本篇阅读难度偏低，所有题目几乎都能在原文中找到直接对应的参考语句，主要考察学生快速定位文本信息、比对选项和原文差异的能力，同时渗透了保护森林、防治土地荒漠化的科普理念，学生出错大多是因为粗心，没有仔细甄别干扰项里偷换概念的错误表述。
【难度系数】
0.9
这是一篇环保主题的说明文阅读理解，解题时可以先标注每道题干的核心关键词，带着问题回到原文对应段落定位相关语句，将选项和原文内容逐一比对，排除表述错误的干扰项，细节题直接匹配原文内容，主旨题梳理全文核心逻辑即可选出正确答案。
【解析】
21. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"But now these places are like deserts."可知，曾经矗立着大城市的地方现在像沙漠，对应选项B，排除A森林、C农场、D花园，故选B。
22. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段首句"Trees help other plants grow."直接点明树木的重要作用，其余选项均和原文表述相悖：A选项树木把田地变为旱地不符合文意，C选项树木助力强风刮动错误，D选项树木让雨水流走错误，故选B。
23. 主旨大意题：全文围绕树木对土地的保护作用展开，讲述树木被砍伐后土地会逐渐荒漠化失去生机，核心观点是没有树木土地就会消亡。A选项“农场比城市好”原文无提及，B选项“美洲没有沙漠”和原文内容矛盾，D选项“所有树木都被砍伐”不符合文末现在人们补种树木的表述，故选C。
24. 正误判断题：逐一核对选项：A选项“北美找不到任何树木和草”表述绝对，和原文仅部分区域荒漠化的内容不符；B选项树木帮助我们维持当下的正常生活，符合原文提到的树木固土、防风、保水的作用，表述正确；C选项“树木只生长在沙漠”完全不符合常识和原文内容；D选项“树木会把土壤吹走”和原文树根固定土壤、防风蚀的表述相反，故选B。
【答案】
21.B 22.B 23.C 24.B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，主旨大意理解，文本正误辨析
【点评】
本篇阅读难度偏低，所有题目几乎都能在原文中找到直接对应的参考语句，主要考察学生快速定位文本信息、比对选项和原文差异的能力，同时渗透了保护森林、防治土地荒漠化的科普理念，学生出错大多是因为粗心，没有仔细甄别干扰项里偷换概念的错误表述。
【难度系数】
0.9
