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①Have you ever visited any traditional Chinese gardens? They look more natural than some Western gardens. They have a long history. In ancient times, there were two main types of gardens: imperial(皇家的) gardens and private(私人的) gardens. Imperial gardens were for the emperor and the royal family. Private gardens were built by important officials or wealthy businessmen. Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting.
②The Summer Palace in Beijing is one of China's most famous imperial gardens. It covers about 3,000,000 m². Kunming Lake takes up almost three - fourths of the garden's total area. There are over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 1,600 old and famous trees in the garden. You can also see more than 40,000 valuable cultural relics there. With such a rich collection, the garden is known as the "Imperial Garden Museum".
③As for private gardens, the most famous one may be the Humble Administrator's Garden (拙政园) in Suzhou. It has an area of about 52,000 m². It is quite small compared with imperial gardens, but it's beautiful. When you stand in any corner of the garden, it all looks like a lifelike picture. And the whole garden looks different in different seasons.
④The traditional Chinese gardens have been designed to look naturally formed. Mountains and waters, trees and flowers, houses and towers are well - organized. Together they don't look crowded at all. In fact, Chinese gardens are in some ways very much like traditional Chinese landscape paintings. The two have influenced and developed alongside one another. Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture.
(
A. The owners of Chinese gardens.
B. The history of Chinese gardens.
C. Two main kinds of Chinese gardens.
D. Two main reasons for building gardens.
(
A. Famous trees.
B. Ancient buildings.
C. Cultural objects.
D. Natural scenes.
(
A. By explaining reasons and describing problems.
B. By listing numbers and comparing the gardens.
C. By asking a question and reporting a result.
D. By giving answers and choices.
(
A. Building a Chinese garden requires advanced technology.
B. Chinese gardeners try to control nature completely.
C. Natural beauty is highly valued in Chinese culture.
D. Chinese landscape paintings are copied from real gardens.
①Have you ever visited any traditional Chinese gardens? They look more natural than some Western gardens. They have a long history. In ancient times, there were two main types of gardens: imperial(皇家的) gardens and private(私人的) gardens. Imperial gardens were for the emperor and the royal family. Private gardens were built by important officials or wealthy businessmen. Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting.
②The Summer Palace in Beijing is one of China's most famous imperial gardens. It covers about 3,000,000 m². Kunming Lake takes up almost three - fourths of the garden's total area. There are over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 1,600 old and famous trees in the garden. You can also see more than 40,000 valuable cultural relics there. With such a rich collection, the garden is known as the "Imperial Garden Museum".
③As for private gardens, the most famous one may be the Humble Administrator's Garden (拙政园) in Suzhou. It has an area of about 52,000 m². It is quite small compared with imperial gardens, but it's beautiful. When you stand in any corner of the garden, it all looks like a lifelike picture. And the whole garden looks different in different seasons.
④The traditional Chinese gardens have been designed to look naturally formed. Mountains and waters, trees and flowers, houses and towers are well - organized. Together they don't look crowded at all. In fact, Chinese gardens are in some ways very much like traditional Chinese landscape paintings. The two have influenced and developed alongside one another. Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture.
(
C
)1. What's Paragraph 1 mainly about?A. The owners of Chinese gardens.
B. The history of Chinese gardens.
C. Two main kinds of Chinese gardens.
D. Two main reasons for building gardens.
(
C
)2. What does the underlined word "relics" mean in Paragraph 2?A. Famous trees.
B. Ancient buildings.
C. Cultural objects.
D. Natural scenes.
(
B
)3. How does the writer describe the two kinds of gardens in Paragraphs 2 and 3?A. By explaining reasons and describing problems.
B. By listing numbers and comparing the gardens.
C. By asking a question and reporting a result.
D. By giving answers and choices.
(
C
)4. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?A. Building a Chinese garden requires advanced technology.
B. Chinese gardeners try to control nature completely.
C. Natural beauty is highly valued in Chinese culture.
D. Chinese landscape paintings are copied from real gardens.
答案
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统园林的两大类型及其特点，并以颐和园和拙政园为例进行对比说明，最后阐述了中国园林与自然、文化的关系。
1. C 段落大意题。根据第一段“In ancient times, there were two main types of gardens: imperial gardens and private gardens. Imperial gardens... Private gardens... Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting.”可知，本段主要介绍中国园林的两大分类。故选 C。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据第二段“There are over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 2,000 old and famous trees in the garden.”可知，园内有许多古建筑和古树，它们都是具有文化价值的物品；结合下一句“You can also see more than 40,000 valuable cultural relics there.”可知，此处应表示人们还可以在园内看到 4 万多件珍贵的具有文化价值的物品。因此，“relics”指代具有文化价值的物品。故选 C。
3. B 写作手法题。根据第二段“It covers about 3,000,000 m²... over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 2,000 old and famous trees... more than 40,000 valuable cultural relics”以及第三段“It has an area of about 52,000 m². It is quite small compared with imperial gardens, but it's beautiful...”可知，第二、三段分别通过列举数据和对比来描述两类园林。故选 B。
4. C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Chinese gardens are in some ways very much like traditional Chinese landscape paintings... Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture.”可推断，中国文化高度重视自然之美。故选 C。
1. C 段落大意题。根据第一段“In ancient times, there were two main types of gardens: imperial gardens and private gardens. Imperial gardens... Private gardens... Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting.”可知，本段主要介绍中国园林的两大分类。故选 C。
2. C 词义猜测题。根据第二段“There are over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 2,000 old and famous trees in the garden.”可知，园内有许多古建筑和古树，它们都是具有文化价值的物品；结合下一句“You can also see more than 40,000 valuable cultural relics there.”可知，此处应表示人们还可以在园内看到 4 万多件珍贵的具有文化价值的物品。因此，“relics”指代具有文化价值的物品。故选 C。
3. B 写作手法题。根据第二段“It covers about 3,000,000 m²... over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 2,000 old and famous trees... more than 40,000 valuable cultural relics”以及第三段“It has an area of about 52,000 m². It is quite small compared with imperial gardens, but it's beautiful...”可知，第二、三段分别通过列举数据和对比来描述两类园林。故选 B。
4. C 推理判断题。根据第四段“Chinese gardens are in some ways very much like traditional Chinese landscape paintings... Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture.”可推断，中国文化高度重视自然之美。故选 C。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题（段落大意题）：先定位到第一段，寻找核心主题句，段中明确提出古代中国园林有皇家园林和私家园林两大类型，后续内容围绕两类园林展开介绍，因此要抓住这个核心表述判断段落主旨。
2. 第2题（词义猜测题）：需结合上下文语境分析，前文提及颐和园里的古建筑、古树，后句出现“valuable cultural relics”，结合这些具有文化价值的事物，可推断该词的含义。
3. 第3题（写作手法题）：观察第二段出现的大量具体数字，如面积、古建筑数量等；第三段将拙政园与皇家园林进行大小对比，由此判断文本的写作手法。
4. 第4题（推理判断题）：聚焦第四段末尾句“Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture”，以此为依据推断出隐含的结论。
【解析】
1. 第1题：段落大意题。根据第一段“In ancient times, there were two main types of gardens: imperial(皇家的) gardens and private(私人的) gardens. Imperial gardens were for the emperor and the royal family. Private gardens were built by important officials or wealthy businessmen. Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting.”可知，本段核心内容是介绍中国古代园林的两大主要类型，故选C。
2. 第2题：词义猜测题。根据第二段中提到的“over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 1,600 old and famous trees”这类具有文化价值的事物，结合后句“You can also see more than 40,000 valuable cultural relics there”，可推断“relics”指的是有文化价值的物品，故选C。
3. 第3题：写作手法题。第二段通过列举“3,000,000 m²”“over 3,000 ancient buildings”等大量数据介绍颐和园；第三段通过“It has an area of about 52,000 m². It is quite small compared with imperial gardens”将拙政园与皇家园林进行对比，因此写作手法是列数字和对比，故选B。
4. 第4题：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture”，可推断出自然之美在中国文化中被高度重视，故选C。
【答案】
1. C；2. C；3. B；4. C
【知识点】
段落大意归纳、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】
本文是介绍中国传统园林的说明文，以颐和园和拙政园为实例，清晰展现了两类园林的特点。题目覆盖多种典型阅读理解题型，既考查学生的阅读解题技巧，也能帮助学生了解中国传统园林文化，提升文化认知与阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.3
1. 第1题（段落大意题）：先定位到第一段，寻找核心主题句，段中明确提出古代中国园林有皇家园林和私家园林两大类型，后续内容围绕两类园林展开介绍，因此要抓住这个核心表述判断段落主旨。
2. 第2题（词义猜测题）：需结合上下文语境分析，前文提及颐和园里的古建筑、古树，后句出现“valuable cultural relics”，结合这些具有文化价值的事物，可推断该词的含义。
3. 第3题（写作手法题）：观察第二段出现的大量具体数字，如面积、古建筑数量等；第三段将拙政园与皇家园林进行大小对比，由此判断文本的写作手法。
4. 第4题（推理判断题）：聚焦第四段末尾句“Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture”，以此为依据推断出隐含的结论。
【解析】
1. 第1题：段落大意题。根据第一段“In ancient times, there were two main types of gardens: imperial(皇家的) gardens and private(私人的) gardens. Imperial gardens were for the emperor and the royal family. Private gardens were built by important officials or wealthy businessmen. Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting.”可知，本段核心内容是介绍中国古代园林的两大主要类型，故选C。
2. 第2题：词义猜测题。根据第二段中提到的“over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 1,600 old and famous trees”这类具有文化价值的事物，结合后句“You can also see more than 40,000 valuable cultural relics there”，可推断“relics”指的是有文化价值的物品，故选C。
3. 第3题：写作手法题。第二段通过列举“3,000,000 m²”“over 3,000 ancient buildings”等大量数据介绍颐和园；第三段通过“It has an area of about 52,000 m². It is quite small compared with imperial gardens”将拙政园与皇家园林进行对比，因此写作手法是列数字和对比，故选B。
4. 第4题：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture”，可推断出自然之美在中国文化中被高度重视，故选C。
【答案】
1. C；2. C；3. B；4. C
【知识点】
段落大意归纳、词义猜测、推理判断
【点评】
本文是介绍中国传统园林的说明文，以颐和园和拙政园为实例，清晰展现了两类园林的特点。题目覆盖多种典型阅读理解题型，既考查学生的阅读解题技巧，也能帮助学生了解中国传统园林文化，提升文化认知与阅读能力。
【难度系数】
0.3
